STRATEGIC ALLIANCES AND JOINT VENTURES UNDER NAFTA: CONCEPTS AND EVIDENCE

International Relations/Trade,

Medicinal Vessels of the First Gilded Age (1870-1929): Properties of Promise or Hokum of False Hope?

From the excavation of Atlanta\u27s first municipal dumps, a collection of the city’s oldest and most popular medicines has been analyzed. The process of identifying and exploring the stories behind the medicinal vessels of the Metro Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) archaeological collection has led to several paths of inquiry. One such avenue is a look at local manufacturers, their impact, and their products. Focused on embossed glass bottles from 1860-1920 this thesis investigates the roles of medicinal bottles as symbolic for Atlanta’s Gilded Age. I gathered detailed information on nearly 100 products represented by 222 vessels. These artifacts are derived from three sites unearthed during the MARTA excavations conducted by Georgia State University archaeologists during the late-1970s. Each site represents an urban dump in a different way: core, periphery, and neighborhood. Beyond analyzing the vessels, special attention is given to the economic connections between Atlanta’s growth and medicine producers

The Church Growth Contributions of J. Waskom Pickett

McGavran rightly credits Church Growth\u27s modern origins to the mind and contributions of J. Waskom Pickett. The fact the Church Growth movement has now eclipsed Pickett\u27s name raises some important questions: Who was Pickett? How did he come to do Church Growth research even before McGavran? And what are some of his contributions and insights

The Church Growth Contributions of J. Waskom Pickett

McGavran rightly credits Church Growth\u27s modern origins to the mind and contributions of J. Waskom Pickett. The fact the Church Growth movement has now eclipsed Pickett\u27s name raises some important questions: Who was Pickett? How did he come to do Church Growth research even before McGavran? And what are some of his contributions and insights

Late metal-silicate separation on the IAB parent asteroid: Constraints from combined W and Pt isotopes and thermal modelling

The short-lived $^{182}$Hf-$^{182}$W decay system is a powerful chronometer for constraining the timing of metal-silicate separation and core formation in planetesimals and planets. Neutron capture effects on W isotopes, however, significantly hamper the application of this tool. In order to correct for neutron capture effects, Pt isotopes have emerged as a reliable in-situ neutron dosimeter. This study applies this method to IAB iron meteorites, in order to constrain the timing of metal segregation on the IAB parent body. The $\epsilon^{182}$W values obtained for the IAB iron meteorites range from -3.61 $\pm$ 0.10 to -2.73 $\pm$ 0.09. Correlating $\epsilon^{\mathrm{i}}$Pt with $^{182}$W data yields a pre-neutron capture $^{182}$W of -2.90 $\pm$ 0.06. This corresponds to a metal-silicate separation age of 6.0 $\pm$ 0.8 Ma after CAI for the IAB parent body, and is interpreted to represent a body-wide melting event. Later, between 10 and 14 Ma after CAI, an impact led to a catastrophic break-up and subsequent reassembly of the parent body. Thermal models of the interior evolution that are consistent with these estimates suggest that the IAB parent body underwent metal-silicate separation as a result of internal heating by short-lived radionuclides and accreted at around 1.4 $\pm$ 0.1 Ma after CAIs with a radius of greater than 60 km.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Fracture-controlled gas hydrate systems in the northern Gulf of Mexico

High-angle, open mode fractures control the presence of natural gas hydrate in water-saturated clays at the Keathley Canyon 151 site in the northern Gulf of Mexico, which was investigated for gas hydrates as part of the Chevron Joint Industry Project drilling in 2005. We analyze logging-while-drilling resistivity images and infer that gas hydrate accumulated in situ in two modes: filling fractures and saturating permeable beds. High-angle hydrate-filled fractures are the most common mode for gas hydrate occurrence at this site, with most of these fractures dipping at angles of more than 40° and occurring between 220 and 300 m below seafloor. These fractures all strike approximately N–S, which agrees with the 165°SE–345°NW maximum horizontal stress direction determined from borehole breakouts and which aligns with local bathymetric contours. In one interval of hydrate-filled fractures, porosity increases with increasing hydrate saturation. We suggest that high pore pressure may have dilated sediments during fracture formation, causing this increase in porosity. Furthermore, the formation of gas hydrate may have heaved fractures apart, also increasing the formation porosity in this interval

The Doctrine of the Descent into Hades in the New Testament and its development in patristic literature

The Descent into Hades does not occupy a prominent place in the New Testament. Indeed, it is nowhere introduced for its own sake. Some passages, at times adduced as evidence for the New Testament doctrine of the Descent, are seen on close scrutiny to be quite irrelevant to the subject. Nevertheless, there is a variety of contexts which include the Descent either in plain statement or by implication. The doctrine of the Descent in the New Testament is meagre - if it can be said to exist at all. The New Testament, I submit, does not teach that souls were delivered from Hades by the descending Christ nor encourage its readers to believe that the Saviour preached the Gospel to the departed. The teaching may be reduced the three points: (1) The Descent in contrast to the Ascent emphasises the humanity and humility of Jesus. (2) The Descent is not, however, that of the vanquished; the lowest point of seeming defeat is the place of brilliant victory - Christus Patiens is Christus Victor. (3) The Descent serves to stress the reality of the Resurrection. In these ways the Descent-theme underscores the uniqueness of the Person of Christ. Extra-biblical testimonies to the belief in the Descent are before the time of Irenaeus very diverse, as is only the expected. Certain features, however, recur and begin to emerge as constant characteristics, viz., the conquest of Hades, the liberation of souls, and the preaching. (The beneficiaries are the righteous or some of the righteous.) These are taken up by Irenaeus and given definite, explicit mention as comprising the purpose and significant of the Descent. By the third century the Descent holds an undisputed place in the Church's doctrine. In the West, in fact, the teaching is beginning to show a kind of fixity, under the influence in particular of Tertullian and Hippolytus. The scope of its purpose and achievement is kept within traditionally prescribed limits. In the East, on the other hand, a more liberal spirit prevails and the doctrine is expanded to its widest extent, by Clement and Origen, who mentions the Descent more frequently than any of the Fathers. Speculative theology exploits the possibilities of the belief and finds in it a key to some acute soteriological and eschatological problems. In Nicene and Post-Nicene writings the doctrine becomes quite stereotyped. The tendency of Easterns as well as of Westerns is to limit the benefit of the saving mission of the Descent to the righteous dead. The limited view wins the day in both fields. There is this differences the West makes the more dogmatic, uncompromising pronouncements of this position all through. A survey of the teaching of these early centuries of the Church's history to show that the doctrine of the Dement into Hades developed from a very simple belief to a more elaborate form. The pattern of development reveals three frequently intertwining strands, the defeat of Hades, the preaching in Hades, the liberation of souls from Hades. The first of these is to be found in every type of author and con-text and may be said to be the common orthodox doctrine of the Descant. It receives increasingly elaborate and dramatic representation. The second, in spite of the lack of biblical authority, arises early in the development of the doctrine and is taught by a wide variety of authors. The third is the earliest attempt to state the value of the Descent. It appears in every kind of writing and is at no period absent from Christian teaching. The scope of the deliverance is variously stated. It is probably because the Descent thus developed into a common doctrine of the Church, that it found its way into the Creed. This seemesa more likely explanation of its introduction into the formulary than the supposition that the motive is purely anti-heretical - though it will have been used to combat heresies. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)