158 research outputs found
The Evidence for a Pentaquark Signal and Kinematic Reflections
Several recent experiments have reported evidence for a narrow baryon
resonance with positive strangeness () at a mass of 1.54 GeV/.
Baryons with cannot be conventional states and the reports have
thus generated much theoretical speculation about the nature of possible
baryons, including a 5-quark, or pentaquark, interpretation. We show that
narrow enhancements in the effective mass spectrum can be generated as
kinematic reflections resulting from the decay of mesons, such as the
, the and the .Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Flux Tube Zero-Point Motion, Hadronic Charge Radii, and Hybrid Meson Production Cross Sections
Flux tube zero-point motion produces quark displacements transverse to the
flux tube which make significant contributions to hadronic charge radii. In
heavy quark systems, these contributions can be related by Bjorken's sum rule
to the rates for semileptonic decay to hybrid mesons. This connection can be
generalized to other leptoproduction processes, where transverse contributions
to elastic form factor slopes are related to the cross sections for the
production of the associated hybrid states. I identify the flux tube overlap
integral responsible for these effects as the strong QCD analogue of the
Sudakov form factor of perturbative QCD.Comment: 16 pages, revised to clarify some points and to improve and correct
the notation for the flux tube wave function
Preliminary Results from Recent Measurements of the Antiprotonic Helium Hyperfine Structure
We report on preliminary results from a systematic study of the hyperfine
(HF) structure of antiprotonic helium. This precise measurement which was
commenced in 2006, has now been completed. Our initial analysis shows no
apparent density or power dependence and therefore the results can be averaged.
The statistical error of the observable M1 transitions is a factor of 60
smaller than that of three body quantum electrodynamic (QED) calculations,
while their difference has been resolved to a precision comparable to theory (a
factor of 10 better than our first measurement). This difference is sensitive
to the antiproton magnetic moment and agreement between theory and experiment
would lead to an increased precision of this parameter, thus providing a test
of CPT invariance.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Semi-Classical Description of Antiproton Capture on Atomic Helium
A semi-classical, many-body atomic model incorporating a momentum-dependent
Heisenberg core to stabilize atomic electrons is used to study antiproton
capture on Helium. Details of the antiproton collisions leading to eventual
capture are presented, including the energy and angular momentum states of
incident antiprotons which result in capture via single or double electron
ionization, i.e. into [He or He], and the
distribution of energy and angular momentum states following the Auger cascade.
These final states are discussed in light of recently reported, anomalously
long-lived antiproton states observed in liquid He.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures may be obtained from authors, Revte
Photo-- and Electroproduction of exotics
We estimate the kinematic dependence of the exclusive photo-- and
electroproduction of exotic mesons due to exchange. We
show that the kinematic dependence is largely independent of the exotic meson
form factor, which is explicitly derived for a isovector hybrid meson
in the flux-tube model of Isgur and Paton. The relevance to experiments
currently planned at Jefferson Lab is indicated.Comment: 15 pages, latex, epsf, 8 postscript figure
Brief report: active HIV case finding in the city of Kigali, Rwanda: assessment of voluntary assisted partner notification modalities to detect undiagnosed HIV infections
BACKGROUND: Voluntary assisted partner notification (VAPN) services that use contract, provider, or dual referral modalities may be efficient to identify individuals with undiagnosed HIV infection. We aimed to assess the relative effectiveness of VAPN modalities in identifying undiagnosed HIV infections. SETTING: VAPN was piloted in 23 health facilities in Kigali, Rwanda. METHODS: We identified individuals with a new HIV diagnosis before antiretroviral therapy initiation or individuals on antiretroviral therapy (index cases), who reported having had sexual partners with unknown HIV status, to assess the association between referral modalities and the odds of identifying HIV-positive partners using a Bayesian hierarchical logistic regression model. We adjusted our model for important factors identified through a Bayesian variable selection. RESULTS: Between October 2018 and December 2019, 6336 index cases were recruited, leading to the testing of 7690 partners. HIV positivity rate was 7.1% (546/7690). We found no association between the different referral modalities and the odds of identifying HIV-positive partners. Notified partners of male individuals (adjusted odds ratio 1.84; 95% credible interval: 1.50 to 2.28) and index cases with a new HIV diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio 1.82; 95% credible interval: 1.45 to 2.30) were more likely to be infected with HIV. CONCLUSION: All 3 VAPN modalities were comparable in identifying partners with HIV. Male individuals and newly diagnosed index cases were more likely to have partners with HIV. HIV-positive yield from index testing was higher than the national average and should be scaled up to reach the first UNAIDS-95 target by 2030
Charge exchange photoproduction and implications for searches of exotic meson
We analyze the process at low momentum
transfer focusing on a possibility of production of an exotic
meson state. In particular we discuss polarization observables and conclude
that linear photon polarization is instrumental for separating of the exotic
wave.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figure
Better Together: Expanding Rural Partnerships to Support Families
Chronic shortages of health, social service, and mental health professionals in rural areas necessitate creative partnerships in support of families. Cooperative extension professionals in Family and Consumer Sciences and community health nurses are introduced as trusted professionals in rural communities who can bring critical skills to human services teams. Multidisciplinary prevention programs offer particularly good contexts for county extension educators and community health nurses to work in collaboration with social workers. The case of grandparents raising grandchildren illustrates the critical roles that can be filled by professionals in these two fields to extend the reach of family support programs
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Reduction of diagnostic and treatment delays reduces rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis mortality in Rwanda
YesSETTING: In 2005, in response to the increasing prevalence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) and poor treatment outcomes, Rwanda initiated the programmatic management of RR-TB, including expanded access to systematic rifampicin drug susceptibility testing (DST) and standardised treatment.OBJECTIVE: To describe trends in diagnostic and treatment delays and estimate their effect on RR-TB mortality.DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of individual-level data including 748 (85.4%) of 876 patients diagnosed with RR-TB notified to the World Health Organization between 1 July 2005 and 31 December 2016 in Rwanda. Logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of diagnostic and therapeutic delays on RR-TB mortality.RESULTS: Between 2006 and 2016, the median diagnostic delay significantly decreased from 88 days to 1 day, and the therapeutic delay from 76 days to 3 days. Simultaneously, RR-TB mortality significantly decreased from 30.8% in 2006 to 6.9% in 2016. Total delay in starting multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) treatment of more than 100 days was associated with more than two-fold higher odds for dying. When delays were long, empirical RR-TB treatment initiation was associated with a lower mortality.CONCLUSION: The reduction of diagnostic and treatment delays reduced RR-TB mortality. We anticipate that universal testing for RR-TB, short diagnostic and therapeutic delays and effective standardised MDR-TB treatment will further decrease RR-TB mortality in Rwanda
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