1,258 research outputs found
Методи визначення оптимальних виробничих програм за фінансовими критеріями розвитку підприємства
Запропоновано методи визначення оптимальних обсягів виробництва за критеріями максимізації чистого прибутку і рентабельності продукції підприємства. За результатами розрахунків, проведених за допомогою розроблених моделей для промислових підприємств Львівської області, доведена методологічна різниця між абсолютним і відносним критеріями ефективності
Baryogenesis in the MSSM, nMSSM and NMSSM
We compare electroweak baryogenesis in the MSSM, nMSSM and NMSSM. We comment
on the different sources of CP violation, the phase transition and constraints
from EDM measurements.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 7th
Conference on Strong and Electroweak Matter (SEWM06), Brookhaven National
Laboratory, May 10-13, 200
Reparations for international crimes and the development of a civil dimension of international criminal justice
The main purpose of this research project is to inquire into the emerging civil dimension of international criminal law which, in contrast to the criminal dimension, focuses on reparation for victims both at national and international levels.
The ultimate goal of this project is to address how international criminal justice should develop in relation to civil redress for victims of international crimes. For this purpose, this study examines, compares and contrasts three analytical frameworks for the adjudication of the civil dimensions of international crimes. The analysis starts the first framework from a theoretical and conceptual discussion of theories of justice grounding the right of victims to reparation juxtaposed with the development of a duty of reparation imposed directly on individuals. I address the relationship between punishment and reparation and their impact on victims, offenders and societies in general, in a theoretical perspective. It then utilizes case studies at the international and national level, as well as the use of administrative mechanisms to discuss the operationalization of reparations for international crimes.
Exploring the Frontiers of International La
QCD sum rules as a tool for investigation of the baryon properties at finite densities
We analyse the calculations of deep inelastic structure functions of free
nucleons by QCD sum rules method,carried out by others.We present our results
of calculation of the distribution of valence quarks in nucleon placed into the
nuclear matter.We show that the change in distribution has typical EMC shape.We
discuss possible application of the method to investigation of other aspects of
deep-inelastic processes.We analyse also the limits of possibilities of the
approach.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX, no figure
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids enhance alcohol-induced hepatocytotoxicity in vitro in normal human hepatocytes
OBJECTIVE : Herbal remedies containing
pyrrilidozine alkaloids (PA)s can induce liver
damage, including hepato-sinusoidal obstruction
syndrome (HSOS) or veno-occlusive liver disease
(VOD). Some individuals misusing alcohol consume
also teas and/or herbal remedies containing
PA. The interaction or additive toxicity of alcohol to
PA toxicity needs to be addressed. The objectives
of this study are 1) to review the scientific literature
on the PA-induced liver toxicity; 2) identify possible
mechanism(s) involved in PA-induced hepatocytotoxicity
in the presence or absence of ethanol
(EtOH) in vitro in normal human hepatocytes (NHH)
in primary culture. To respond to the first objective,
we systematically search all the literature engines
(PubMed, Google Scholar) for liver induced damage
due to PAs and summarize the results in an introductory
systematic review.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
AND METHODS : Cells were exposed to one
dose of 100 mmol/L EtOH for 24 hrs and to 2 doses
of 100 mmol/L EtOH for consecutive 24 hrs
periods, in the presence or absence of PAs (10
mg/mL), or the caspase-3 inhibitor IDN-1965 (50
μmol/L). Cells were analyzed for apoptosis by
light microscopy, immuno-histochemistry, measuring
cytokeratin-18 fragmentation, and transmission
electron microscopy (TEM) (6000 cells/
treatment). Cytotoxicity was determined using succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, an enzyme
specific to the mitochondria.
RESULTS : In NHH cells, a 100 mmol/L dose of
Et-OH resulted in 22±2.5 apoptosis (p<0.001 vs.
control). Two consecutive doses of 100 mmol/L
Et-OH for 24 hrs each caused 36±3.0% apoptosis
(p<0.001 vs. control and p<0.05 vs. one dose Et-
OH). Pre-treatment with 50 μmol/L caspase inhibitor
significantly reduced Et-OH-induced apoptosis
[12±1.5% in 100 mmol/L (p<0.05) and 20±4.0%
in 2×100 mmol/L (p<0.001)]. In addition, pre-treatment
with 50 μmol caspase inhibitor in cells treated
with PA + EtOH reduced apoptosis significantly
(vs. non-exposed to caspase-inhibitor): Δ -22±3.0 % (p<0.05). HPC significantly decreased apoptosis
compared to conditions lacking this supplementation
in cells treated with EtOH-exposed
cells present ballooning, Mallory bodies, changes
in mitochondrial cristae and apoptosis by TEM.
Pre-treatment with 50 μmol caspase inhibitor significantly
reduced 100 mmol/L EtOH-induced (one
dose) in NHH by 14±0.5% (p<0.05) compared to
cells not exposed to the caspase-inhibitor. In cells
treated concomitantly with PA and EtOH 100 mM
Mallory-bodies and apo-necrotic cells have been
observed. Pre-treatment with 50 μmol caspase inhibitor
reduced the mitochondrial damage. A significant
depletion in glutathione (GSH) was observed
in Et-OH treated cells after 1 and 2 treatments
(p<0.001 vs. control). Treatment with E t-OH enhanced
PA-induced GSH-depletion and resulted
in a significant increase in PA-induced cytotoxicity
(p<0.001 vs. Et-untreated cells). Exposure to EtOH
increased the cell culture media levels of the pro-inflammatory
cytokine TNF. PA + EtOH-treated cells
increased TNF-α levels in media compared to EtOH
alone [86±8 vs. 53±5 pg/mL in cells exposed to 100
mmol/L EtOH (p<0.05) and 218±14 vs. 179±8 pg/mL
in cells exposed to 2×100 mmol/L EtOH (p<0.05)].
CONCLUSIONS : PA up-regulates EtOH-induced
hepatocytotoxicity by inducing the inflammatory
cytokines and enhancing the apoptotic effects
of ethanol. There is a need for monitoring herbal medicine in order to optimize traditional medicine
use and maximize the clinical benefits. Additionally,
there is necessary to communicate to physicians
the possible negative results of herbal remedies
use. Also, the interactions between herbal
remedies and drugs of misuse should be communicated
to consumers.The
work was funded by In Vitro Drug Safety and Biotechnology.
We are thankful for the financial contribution to Mahaffy
-Gastroenterology Fund, Sunnybrook HSC, Toronto,
ON, Canada.http://www.europeanreview.orgam2017Pharmacolog
Higher-order mutual coherence of optical and matter waves
We use an operational approach to discuss ways to measure the higher-order
cross-correlations between optical and matter-wave fields. We pay particular
attention to the fact that atomic fields actually consist of composite
particles that can easily be separated into their basic constituents by a
detection process such as photoionization. In the case of bosonic fields, that
we specifically consider here, this leads to the appearance in the detection
signal of exchange contributions due to both the composite bosonic field and
its individual fermionic constituents. We also show how time-gated counting
schemes allow to isolate specific contributions to the signal, in particular
involving different orderings of the Schr\"odinger and Maxwell fields.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure
Scattering Theory of Dynamic Electrical Transport
We have developed a scattering matrix approach to coherent transport through
an adiabatically driven conductor based on photon-assisted processes. To
describe the energy exchange with the pumping fields we expand the Floquet
scattering matrix up to linear order in driving frequency.Comment: Proceedings QMath9, September 12th-16th, 2004, Giens, Franc
Two-dimensional N=(2,2) super Yang-Mills theory on computer
We carry out preliminary numerical study of Sugino's lattice formulation
\cite{Sugino:2004qd,Sugino:2004qdf} of the two-dimensional
super Yang-Mills theory (2d SYM) with the gauge group
\SU(2). The effect of dynamical fermions is included by re-weighting a
quenched ensemble by the pfaffian factor. It appears that the complex phase of
the pfaffian due to lattice artifacts and flat directions of the classical
potential are not problematic in Monte Carlo simulation. Various one-point
supersymmetric Ward-Takahashi (WT) identities are examined for lattice spacings
up to with the fixed physical lattice size , where
denotes the gauge coupling constant in two dimensions. WT identities implied by
an exact fermionic symmetry of the formulation are confirmed in fair accuracy
and, for most of these identities, the quantum effect of dynamical fermions is
clearly observed. For WT identities expected only in the continuum limit, the
results seem to be consistent with the behavior expected from supersymmetry,
although we do not see clear distintion from the quenched simulation. We
measure also the expectation values of renormalized gauge-invariant bi-linear
operators of scalar fields.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures, the distribution of the complex phase of the
pffafian is also measured, the final version to appear in JHE
Electroweak Baryogenesis: Concrete in a SUSY Model with a Gauge Singlet
SUSY models with a gauge singlet easily allow for a strong first order
electroweak phase transition (EWPT) if the vevs of the singlet and Higgs fields
are of comparable size. We discuss the profile of the stationary expanding
bubble wall and CP-violation in the effective potential, in particular
transitional CP-violation inside the bubble wall during the EWPT. The
dispersion relations for charginos contain CP-violating terms in the WKB
approximation. These enter as source terms in the Boltzmann equations for the
(particle--antiparticle) chemical potentials and fuel the creation of a baryon
asymmetry through the weak sphaleron in the hot phase. This is worked out for
concrete parameters.Comment: 46 pages, LaTeX, 11 figures, discussion of source terms and transport
equations modified, version to appear in Nucl. Phys.
Diffusion Resonances in Action Space for an Atom Optics Kicked Rotor with Decoherence
We numerically investigate momentum diffusion rates for the pulse kicked
rotor across the quantum to classical transition as the dynamics are made more
macroscopic by increasing the total system action. For initial and late time
rates we observe an enhanced diffusion peak which shifts and scales with
changing kick strength, and we also observe distinctive peaks around quantum
resonances. Our investigations take place in the context of a system of
ultracold atoms which is coupled to its environment via spontaneous emission
decoherence, and the effects should be realisable in ongoing experiments.Comment: 4 Pages, RevTeX 4, 5 Figures. Updated Figures, Minor Changes to text,
Corrected Reference
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