Combining single and paired end RNAseq data for differential expression analyses

Combining RNA-seq data from different platforms should increase the power to detect differentially expressed genes, but may not be straightforward. Here we show how RUVs, a recently published method for removing unwanted variation and normalizing RNA-seq data, can combine the counts of single and paired end read libraries from formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumor samples to permit differential expression analysis. Seven other intra- or inter-platform normalization methods are also described and the results are compared with those from RUVs

Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Aerospace Vehicle During a Subsonic Pitch-Over Maneuver

Time-dependent CFD has been used to predict aerospace vehicle aerodynamics during a subsonic rotation maneuver. The inviscid 3D3U code is employed to solve the 3-D unsteady flowfield using an unstructured grid of tetrahedra. As this application represents a challenge to time-dependent CFD, observations concerning spatial and temporal resolution are included. It is shown that even for a benign rotation rate, unsteady aerodynamic effects are significant during the maneuver. Possibly more significant, however, the rotation maneuver creates flow asymmetries leading to yawing moment, rolling moment, and side force which are not present in the quasi-steady case. A series of steady solutions at discrete points in the maneuver are also computed for comparison with wind tunnel measurements and as a means of quantifying unsteady effects