Swirl Boundary Layer at the Inlet of a Rotating Circular Cone

International audienceWhen a fluid enters a rotating pipe, a swirl boundary layer with thickness of $δ_S$ appears at the wall and interacts with the axial momentum boundary layer with thickness of $δ$. The swirl is produced by the wall shear stress and not due to kinematic reasons as by a turbomachine. In the center of the pipe, the fluid is swirl-free and is accelerated due to axial boundary layer growth. Below a critical flow number $ϕ < ϕ_c$, there is flow separation, known in the turbomachinery context as part load recirculation. Previous work analyses the flow at the inlet of a rotating circular pipe. For a systematic approach to a turbomachine, the influence of the turbine's and pump's function, schematically fulfilled by a diffuser and a nozzle, on the evolution of the swirl and flow separation is to analyse. The radius of the rotating pipe depends linearly on the axial coordinate, yielding a rotating circular cone. The swirl evolution depends on the Reynolds number, flow number, axial coordinate and apex angle. The influence of the la er is the paper's main task. The circumferential velocity component is measured applying 1D Laser Doppler Anemometry to investigate the swirl evolution

Has Immigration Really Led to an Increase in Crime in Italy?

Immigration has been a key topic in Italy’s election campaign, with several candidates arguing that the flow of people into the country during the migration crisis has increased the risk of crime. But has immigration really generated more crime in Italy? Drawing on data from the Italian National Institute of Statistics, Donato Di Carlo, Julia Schulte-Cloos and Giulia Saudelli illustrate that crime rates across Italian regions and the share of crimes committed by foreigners have both fallen significantly over the last decade

Randomized double blind trial of ciprofloxacin prophylaxis during induction treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the WK-ALL protocol in Indonesia

Pudjo H Widjajanto,1 Sumadiono Sumadiono,1 Jacqueline Cloos,2,3 Ignatius Purwanto,1 Sutaryo Sutaryo,1 Anjo JP Veerman1,21Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Dr Sardjito Hospital, Medical Faculty, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia; 2Pediatric Oncology/Hematology Division, Department of Pediatrics, 3Department of Hematology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The NetherlandsObjectives: Toxic death is a big problem in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially in low-income countries. Studies of ciprofloxacin as single agent prophylaxis vary widely in success rate. We conducted a double-blind, randomized study to test the effects of ciprofloxacin monotherapy as prophylaxis for sepsis and death in induction treatment of the Indonesian childhood ALL protocol.Methods: Patients were randomized to the ciprofloxacin arm (n = 58) and to the placebo arm (n = 52). Oral ciprofloxacin monotherapy or oral placebo was administered twice a day. All events during induction were recorded: toxic death, abandonment, resistant disease, and complete remission rate.Results: Of 110 patients enrolled in this study, 79 (71.8%) achieved CR. In comparison to the placebo arm, the ciprofloxacin arm had lower nadir of absolute neutrophil count during induction with median of 62 (range: 5&amp;ndash;884) versus 270 (range: 14&amp;ndash;25,480) &amp;times; 109 cells/L (P &amp;gt; 0.01), greater risks for experiencing fever (50.0% versus 32.7%, P = 0.07), clinical sepsis (50.0% versus 38.5%, P = 0.22), and death (18.9% versus 5.8%, P = 0.05).Conclusion: In our setting, a reduced intensity protocol in a low-income situation, the data warn against using ciprofloxacin prophylaxis during induction treatment. A lower nadir of neutrophil count and higher mortality were found in the ciprofloxacin group.Keywords: ciprofloxacin, prophylaxis, childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, randomized trial, low-income countr

Inherited susceptibility to bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes

Background: Susceptibility to bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes may reflect the way a person deals with carcinogenic challenges. This susceptibility (also referred to as mutagen sensitivity) has been found to be increased in patients with environmentally related cancers, including cancers of the head and neck, lung, and colon, and, in combination with carcinogenic exposure, this susceptibility can greatly influence cancer risk. The purpose of this study was to assess the heritability of mutagen sensitivity. Methods: Heritability was determined by use of a maximum likelihood method that employed the FISHER package of pedigree analysis. Bleomycin-induced breaks per cell values for 135 healthy volunteers without cancer were determined. These individuals were from 53 different pedigrees and included 25 monozygotic twin pairs (n = 50), 14 pairs of dizygotes (twin pairs and siblings, n = 28), and 14 families selected on the basis of a first-degree relative who was successfully treated for head and neck cancer and who had no sign of recurrence for at least 1 year. All data were analyzed simultaneously, and different models of familial resemblance were fitted to the data. All P values are two-sided. Results: Our results showed no evidence for the influence of a shared family environment on bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks. Genetic influences, however, were statistically significant (P = .036) and accounted for 75% of the total variance. Conclusions: The high heritability estimate of the susceptibility to bleomycin-induced chromatid breaks indicates a clear genetic basis. The findings of this study support the notion that a common genetic susceptibility to DNA damage - and thereby a susceptibility to cancer - may exist in the general population

TARP as immunotherapeutic target in AML expressed in the LSC compartment

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Electricity Generation using Sulfolobus solfataricus in a High-Temperature Microbial Fuel Cell

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are a developing technology that breaks down organic materials in liquids while generating electricity. They come in several forms and applications, including: micro-sized for medical implants, sediment for remote sensing and communications, and large-scale for industrial or environmental remediation. Few studies have looked at MFCs operating over 45ºC. Use of extremophiles as the fuel cell culture allows for high-temperature applications including industry, deserts, and alien space environments. This project includes the construction and operation of a membrane-less single chamber microbial fuel cell (ML-SCMFC), using the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus at about 80°C. The volcanic spring native S. solfataricus was used within a MFC to demonstrate feasibility of an extremely high temperature MFC and characterize the electrical power parameters from this device. A maximum power density of 25.26 mWm-3 was obtained using a carbon cloth anode and cellobiose as the substrate. Maximum sustained current densities ranging from 5.63 and 39.9 mAm-2 persisted for 15-30 hour durations. Continued modifications can potentially improve observed values, including new substrates, inclusion of separators and new anode materials.https://ecommons.udayton.edu/stander_posters/1013/thumbnail.jp

Leichtbautilger für Fahrwerke

Konventionelle, passive Fahrwerkskonzeple bestehen aus einem Feder- und einem Dämpferelement und das Systemverhalten ist mit der Abstimmung der Steifigkeils- und Dämpfungswerte fest vorgegeben. Bei der Fahrwerksabstimmung werden die Zielfunktionen Fahrsicherheit und -komfort für das jeweilige Fahrzeugkonzept ausgelegt. Jede optimale Lösung stellt ein Kompromiss zwischen Fahrsicherheit und -komfort dar, da die beiden Zielfunktionen gegenläufig sind. Alle optimalen Lösungen liegen im sogenannten Konfliktdiagramm auf einer Pareto-Linie. In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt, wie ein hydraulisch übersetzter Leichtbautilger - Fluid Dynamic Absorber - in das Fahrwerk integriert und das Systemverhalten durch die Veränderung der Systemtopologie verbessert wird. Prinzip bedingt bringt ein Tilger immer zusätzliche Masse in das System ein. Dieses unerwünschte Verhalten wird durch die hydraulische Übersetzung (Prinzip der virtuellen Masse) minimiert. Hierzu wird der Leichtbautilger an das Chassis, das als Quasi-Inertialsystem dient, angebunden