How to promote bike tourism globally

Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to find ways on how to promote bike tourism globally, and use Taiwan as a model to explore this aspect. Design – The development of the study structure involved brainstorming and the assistance of an expert panel. The study framework is composed of 7 aspects with 8-12 subitems each. Methodology – The opinions of experts were gathered through a questionnaire survey. Afterwards, the CLPEM (Control Limits Performance Evaluation Method) was adopted to determine the means to promote bike tourism. Findings – The results show how the government and operators could prioritize service enhancements and improvements such as "bike rental at one station with drop off at another designated location, nanny vans to accommodate bike tourists, bike tourist information center, training for bike tour guides who can provide practical and historical knowledge for tourists, creative bike touring routes depending on the rider’s abilities, local friendly hospitality for riders, and comprehensive travel insurance policies". Originality of the research – This study has constructed a framework to promote bike tourism

Higher-order effects on the incompressibility of isospin asymmetric nuclear matter

Analytical expressions for the saturation density as well as the binding energy and incompressibility at the saturation density of asymmetric nuclear matter are given exactly up to 4th-order in the isospin asymmetry delta =(rho_n - rho_p)/rho using 11 characteristic parameters defined at the normal nuclear density rho_0. Using an isospin- and momentum-dependent modified Gogny (MDI) interaction and the SHF approach with 63 popular Skyrme interactions, we have systematically studied the isospin dependence of the saturation properties of asymmetric nuclear matter, particularly the incompressibility $K_{sat}(\delta )=K_{0}+K_{sat,2}\delta ^{2}+K_{sat,4}\delta ^{4}+O(\delta ^{6})$ at the saturation density. Our results show that the magnitude of the high-order $K_{sat,4}$ parameter is generally small compared to that of the K_{\sat,2} parameter. The latter essentially characterizes the isospin dependence of the incompressibility at the saturation density and can be expressed as $K_{sat,2}=K_{sym}-6L-\frac{J_{0}}{K_{0}}L$, Furthermore, we have constructed a phenomenological modified Skyrme-like (MSL) model which can reasonably describe the general properties of symmetric nuclear matter and the symmetry energy predicted by both the MDI model and the SHF approach. The results indicate that the high-order $J_{0}$ contribution to $K_{sat,2}$ generally cannot be neglected. In addition, it is found that there exists a nicely linear correlation between $K_{sym}$ and $L$ as well as between $J_{0}/K_{0}$ and $K_{0}$. These correlations together with the empirical constraints on $K_{0}$, $L$, $E_{sym}(\rho_{0})$ and the nucleon effective mass lead to an estimate of $K_{sat,2}=-370\pm 120$ MeV.Comment: 61 pages, 12 figures, 6 Tables. Title changed a little and results of several Skyrme interactions updated. Accepted version to appear in PR