34 research outputs found
Placenta praevia: Preach and perception
Placenta praevia is a known obstetric condition that causes complications to mother and
fetus. This study was done to evaluate the knowledge of placenta praevia amongst the
obstetric patients. A cross sectional study was carried out in Hospital Ipoh, Perak among
323 antenatal and postnatal patients. Socio-demographic parameters (ie age, race, parity,
occupation, educational level) and history of placenta praevia were studied in relation to
level of knowledge and attitude towards placenta praevia. Twenty (6.2%) from 323 women
had current or past history of placenta praevia. Three had history of placenta praevia while
17 had current placenta praevia with prevalence of 5.3%. The mean score of knowledge
achieved by patients was 11.8 which indicated overall poor knowledge. Occupation, level of education and history of placenta praevia were found to have a relationship with level of
knowledge regarding placenta praevia in all obstetric patients. There was a significant
relationship between attitude of patients with current and history of placenta praevia to
level of knowledge regarding placenta praevia. (p=0.037, <0.05). In conclusion, the
knowledge and attitude towards placenta praevia among obstetric patients in Hospital Ipoh
was better in those who had higher education status, white-collar occupation and currently
pregnant with placenta praevi
Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes
Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale(1-3). Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4-5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter(4); identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation(5,6); analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution(7); describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity(8,9); and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes(8,10-18).Peer reviewe
Blotto game-based low-complexity fair multiuser subcarrier allocation for uplink OFDMA networks
This article presents a subcarrier allocation scheme based on a Blotto game (SABG) for orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) networks where correlation between adjacent subcarriers is considered. In the proposed game, users simultaneously compete for subcarriers using a limited budget. In order to win as many good subcarriers as possible in this game, users are required to wisely allocate their budget. Efficient power and budget allocation strategies are derived for users for obtaining optimal throughput. By manipulating the total budget available for each user, competitive fairness can be enforced for the SABG. In addition, the conditions to ensure the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium (NE) for the SABG are also established. An low-complexity algorithm that ensures convergence to NE is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed low-complexity SABG can allocate resources fairly and efficiently for both uncorrelated and correlated fading channels