14 research outputs found
Efficacy of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (AdvocateÂź for dogs) in the prevention of canine spirocercosis (Spirocerca lupi)
The nematode Spirocerca lupi is a major canine parasite in warm regions of the world, classically causing parasitic nodules in the esophagus, aortic aneurysms, and spondylitis. This study evaluated the preventive efficacy of monthly treatment with imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% spot-on (AdvocateÂź for dogs) administered over a period of 9Â months in young dogs naturally exposed to S. lupi on RĂ©union island. One hundred and twelve puppies, aged from 2.0 to 4.0Â months and with a negative spirocerca fecal examination at inclusion, completed the study. They were randomly allocated to two groups. Group A puppies (nâ=â58) received nine spot-on treatments with AdvocateÂź at the minimum dose of 2.5Â mg moxidectin/kg bw at monthly intervals. Control group B puppies (nâ=â54) received no treatment for S. lupi. During the study, regular clinical and fecal examinations were performed, as was final upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Endoscopy showed that 19 dogs from group B had spirocerca nodules, corresponding to a prevalence of 35.2% in dogs aged 12 to 14Â months. In contrast, only one dog from group A had a nodule, corresponding to a preventive efficacy of 94.7% (pâ<â0.0001). None of the 378 fecal examinations were positive for spirocerca. This study confirms a high prevalence of canine spirocercosis on RĂ©union and shows that infestation occurs in very young puppies. Furthermore, it demonstrates that monthly spot-on administration of a combination of imidacloprid 10%/moxidectin 2.5% (AdvocateÂź for dogs) in puppies starting at the age of 2 to 4Â months achieves effective and safe prevention of canine spirocercosis
Evaluation of the long-term efficacy and safety of an imidacloprid 10%/flumethrin 4.5% polymer matrix collar (SerestoÂź) in dogs and cats naturally infested with fleas and/or ticks in multicentre clinical field studies in Europe
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The objective of these two GCP multicentre European clinical field studies was to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of a new imidacloprid/flumethrin collar (Seresto<sup>Âź</sup>, Bayer AnimalHealth, Investigational Veterinary Product(IVP)) in dogs and cats naturally infested with fleas and/or ticks in comparison to a dimpylat collar ("Ungezieferband fuer Hunde/fuer Katzen", Beaphar, Control Product (CP)).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>232 (IVP) and 81 (CP) cats and 271(IVP) and 129 (CP) dogs were treated with either product according to label claims and formed the safety population. Flea and tick counts were conducted in monthly intervals for up to 8 months in the efficacy subpopulation consisting of 118 (IVP) + 47 (CP) cats and 197 (IVP) + 94 (CP) dogs. Efficacy was calculated as reduction of infestation rate within the same treatment group and statistically compared between the two treatment groups.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Preventive efficacy against fleas in cats/dogs varied in the IVP group between 97.4%/94.1% and 100%/100% (overall mean: 98.3%/96.7%) throughout the 8 month period and in the CP group between 57.1%/28.2% and 96.1%/67.8% (overall mean: 79.3%/57.9%). Preventive efficacy against ticks in cats/dogs varied in the IVP group between 94.0%/91.2% and 100%/100% (overall mean: 98.4%/94.7%) throughout the 8 month period and in the CP group between 90.7%/79.9% and 100%/88.0% (overall mean: 96.9%/85.6%). The IVP group was statistically non-inferior to the CP group, and on various assessment days, statistical superiority was proven for flea and tick count reduction in dogs and cats. Both treatments proved to be safe in dogs and cats with mainly minor local observations at the application site. There was moreover, no incidence of any mechanical problem with the collar in dogs and cats during the entire study period.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The imidacloprid/flumethrin collar proved to reduce tick counts by at least 90% and flea counts by at least 95% for a period of at least 7-8 months in cats and dogs under field conditions. Therefore, it can be used as sustainable long-term preventative, covering the whole flea and tick season.</p
Evaluation of the anti-feeding and insecticidal effects of a topically administered combination of imidacloprid and permethrin (AdvantixÂź) against Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perniciosus (Newstead, 1911) in dogs following monthly administration
Abstract Background Two laboratory experiments (Studies 1 and 2) were conducted to confirm the efficacy of an imidacloprid and permethrin combination (AdvantixÂź Spot-on, Bayer) to repel and kill Phlebotomus (Larroussius) perniciosus sand flies when applied once a month topically to dogs. Methods Both studies compared dogs treated with a combination containing 100Â mg/ml imidacloprid +â500Â mg/ml permethrin (AdvantixÂź Spot-on, Bayer) to placebo treated dogs. The treatments were applied topically on Day -28 (Study 2) and Day 0 (Studies 1 and 2). Sand fly exposures with 80 unfed females were performed before the first treatment for allocation purposes and post-treatment on study days (SDs) 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 (following first or second monthly treatment for Studies 1 and 2, respectively). After 60Â min, sand flies were assessed for mortality and engorgement status. Results Repellent evaluation (anti-feeding effect) on all days post-infestation showed efficacies that ranged between 88.1â99.3% during the first month and 92.2â98.9% during the second. Analyses of the comparison of fed sand fly counts for each treatment group resulted in a highly significant reduction (Pâ<â0.0001) at all post-infestation time points for those dogs treated with AdvantixÂź. A significant (Pâ<â0.0001 for all time points) insecticidal effect was equally demonstrated. No treatment related adverse events were observed during the study. Conclusions In the present studies AdvantixÂź Spot-on demonstrated to be safe and to provide excellent four-week sand fly (P. perniciosus) repellency of â„88.1% and â„92.2% after a first and second monthly treatment, respectively. A significant insecticidal effect was also observed
Comparative evaluation of the prophylactic activity of a slow-release insecticide collar and a moxidectin spot-on formulation against Thelazia callipaeda infection in naturally exposed dogs in France
Abstract Background The relative efficacy of a collar containing 10% imidacloprid and 4.5% flumethrin (SerestoÂź, Bayer HealthCare Animal Health) and a spot on formulation containing 10% imidacloprid and 2.5% moxidectin (AdvocateÂź, Bayer HealthCare Animal Health) was evaluated as a control measure to prevent canine thelaziosis in dogs in an endemic area of France. Findings Ninety-six privately-owned dogs were enrolled in the multicentre, controlled study. Before summer (the period of transmission by fruit flies), dogs were allocated to one of three groups: Group A (n = 36)- treated once with a collar containing 10% imidacloprid and 4.5% flumethrin; Group B (n = 33)- treated every month for 8 months with a spot-on containing imidacloprid 10% and moxidectin 2.5%; and Group C (n = 27)- untreated control animals. Dogs were regularly subjected to ocular examination in order to assess Thelazia callipaeda infection. During the trial, T. callipaeda nematodes were detected in 12 (33%) collared dogs (group A) whereas no eyeworm could be found in dogs who received a monthly spot on application of moxidectin (group B). In the control group, 8 (30%) dogs became infected. Conclusions The monthly application of a spot on formulation containing 10% imidacloprid and 2.5% moxidectin was shown to be highly effective in preventing T. callipaeda infection in a population of dogs living in an endemic area in France. On the contrary, the slow-release collar tested in this study did not display any protection against canine thelaziosis
Evaluation des impacts du changement climatique dans les différents vignobles de France à l'aide du modÚle STICS-vigne
International audienc
Evaluation des impacts du changement climatique dans les différents vignobles de France à l'aide du modÚle STICS-vigne
International audienc
Inferring the dynamic of mutated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells induced by IFNα in myeloproliferative neoplasms
International audienceClassical BCR-ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are clonal disorders of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) caused mainly by recurrent mutations in genes encoding JAK2 (JAK2), calreticulin (CALR), or the thrombopoietin receptor (MPL). Interferon alpha (IFNα) has demonstrated some efficacy in inducing molecular remission in MPN. In order to determine factors that influence molecular response rate, we evaluated the long-term molecular efficacy of IFNα in MPN patients by monitoring the fate of cells carrying driver mutations in a prospective observational and longitudinal study of 48 patients over more than 5 years. We measured several times per year the clonal architecture of early and late hematopoietic progenitors (84,845 measurements) and the global variant allele frequency in mature cells (409 measurements). Using mathematical modeling and hierarchical Bayesian inference, we further inferred the dynamics of IFNα-targeted mutated HSC. Our data support the hypothesis that IFNα targets JAK2V617F HSC by inducing their exit from quiescence and differentiation into progenitors. Our observations indicate that treatment efficacy is higher in homozygous than heterozygous JAK2V617F HSC and increases with high IFNα dosage in heterozygous JAK2V617F HSC. Besides, we found that the molecular responses of CALRm HSC to IFNα were heterogeneous, varying between type 1 and type 2 CALRm, and high dosage of IFNα correlates with worse outcomes. Together, our work indicates that the long-term molecular efficacy of IFNα implies an HSC exhaustion mechanism and depends on both the driver mutation type and IFNα dosage
BibliothĂšques
Ce numĂ©ro de Perspective est consacrĂ© Ă lâart et aux bibliothĂšques: il a Ă©tĂ© conçu en Ă©cho Ă la rĂ©ouverture de la bibliothĂšque de lâInstitut national dâhistoire de lâart et comporte un ensemble dâarticles qui traitent de sujets aussi variĂ©s que la bibliothĂšque et lâart contemporain, les bibliothĂšques dâartistes, les modes de classification des livres dâart depuis la pĂ©riode moderne ou encore lâarchitecture des bibliothĂšques Ă lâĂšre numĂ©rique. Jean-Christophe Bailly ouvre le numĂ©ro avec Envoi (ricochets). Le bibliothĂ©caire et historien de lâart Michel Melot nous accorde un grand entretien tandis que lâhistorien de lâarchitecture et bibliophile Werner Oechslin nous offre une contribution thĂ©orique remarquable sur la mobilitĂ© du savoir. Des articles plus brefs et fort originaux sur des collections documentaires consacrĂ©es Ă lâart urbain ou au cinĂ©ma, ou encore composĂ©es dâephemera, complĂštent ce numĂ©ro, qui se rĂ©vĂšle une extrapolation stimulante de cet Ă©vĂ©nement institutionnel, qui voit, Ă la fois, lâinauguration de la salle Labrouste rĂ©novĂ©e et lâaccĂšs dĂ©multipliĂ© aux collections documentaires et artistiques de lâINHA. Ce numĂ©ro est en vente sur le site du Comptoir des presses d'universitĂ©s
Les archives de lâinvention
Les historiens ont longtemps privilĂ©giĂ© le facteur technique dans lâapproche des rĂ©volutions industrielles. Dans cette logique monocausale, le progrĂšs technique Ă©tait assimilĂ© Ă une succession dâinventions apparues dans des secteurs pionniers, moteurs de la croissance, entraĂźnant le reste de lâĂ©conomie, dite traditionnelle, dans son sillage. Lâun des paradoxes de cette approche consistait Ă valoriser lâinnovation tout en Ă©vitant dâinterroger les pratiques inventives. La dynamique interne du progrĂšs technique et les traits de gĂ©nie des inventeurs tenaient lieu de modĂšles explicatifs. La remise en cause de ces approches suscite bien des interrogations de mĂ©thode. Comment repĂ©rer les formes de lâinvention ordinaire, en cerner les acteurs ? Comment assigner une origine Ă des nouveautĂ©s dont lâantĂ©rioritĂ© se perd dans la mĂ©moire commune ? Comment apprĂ©hender des savoirs pratiques instables et non codifiĂ©s que ne livrent pas les corpus constituĂ©s de sources ? Comment concilier les dĂ©finitions construites de lâinvention et de lâinventeur, les catĂ©gories dĂ©jĂ forgĂ©es par les institutions et le corps social, et les mentions informelles ou indirectes de lâinvention ? Ces questions dĂ©bordent lâĂ©crit. Cet ouvrage, issu dâun colloque international tenu Ă Paris en 2003, Ă©largit le concept de sources : au-delĂ des « sources-textes », il considĂšre les dessins, les enregistrements sonores, les instruments et outils, les installations, les Ă©chantillons, les modĂšles, les prototypes, etc. Il propose une rĂ©flexion originale sur le statut des archives de lâinvention, sur leur mode de production et sur les mĂ©thodologies mises en Ćuvre dans leur exploitation