How Satirists Alternate Between Discursive Modes:An Introduction of the Humoristic Metaphors in Satirical News (HMSN) Typology

An important challenge for communication scientists is to characterize and understand hybrid genres. Satirical news is such a hybrid genre and comprises a blend of the genres of comedy, news, and political opinion. This theoretical article aims to contribute to this discussion by further specifying the concept of discursive mode. Discursive modes designate certain communicative orientations toward a particular genre element. We make our argument concrete by introducing a typology of metaphorical humor in satirical news. Our humoristic metaphors in satirical news (HMSN) typology, demonstrates that satirists can realize and switch between 4 different discursive modes through metaphors. These discursive modes comprise different combinations of core rhetorical functions in satirical news (humor, education, and evaluation). We describe each type of metaphor in our typology and present a research agenda identifying key issues that require future research and empirical verification

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO VALIDATE THE SYMPTOMATOLOGY AND TO EVOLVE THE DIAGNOSTIC METHODOLOGY OF SIRAKKAMBA VATHAM THROUGH SIDDHA DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS

Sirakamba vatham is a clinical entity described by Sage Yugi in his treatise Yugi Vaithiya Chinthamani- 800, as one among the 80 types of Vatha diseases described in Siddha system of medicine. The study was aimed at in depth analysis of the clinical features mentioned under Sirakamba vatham of Siddha literature and to evolve standard Siddha diagnostic methods for management for Sirakamba vatham. This study was an observational, single center study with the sample size of 26, divided into Group I (control group) having normal individuals and group II (cases with Sirakkamba vatham). At the end of the study, it was concluded, that the symptoms of Sirakkamba vatham closely resembled the symptoms of Cerebro Vascular Accident especially of posterior circulation stroke

VALIDATION OF SIDDHA PATHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS OF SIRAKAMBAVATHAM AND ITS PARALLEL ANALYSIS WITH CEREBRO VASCULAR ACCIDENTS (STROKE)

The Siddha system of medicine is widely practiced in South India and consists of an enormous classical literature that emphasize on pathological basis of disease. Contrary to conventional pathological basis of diseases, the Siddha pathology is solely based on the humoral makeup of individuals and rests on the conceptual framework formed by 96 Thathuvams (philosophies). These concepts connect the physical and inert energies of human body facilitating its existence at subtle and gross levels. Sirakkambavatham is one among the 80 Vatha diseases mentioned in the Siddha literature Yugivaithiyasinthaamani. The present literature survey has been conducted to provide an updated integrative framework of information about the pathological concepts of Sirakkambavatham from Siddha literature and its parallel analysis with Cerebrovascular accidents (Stroke).Validating the traditional text in the limelight of modern literature unveils the traditional wisdom of ancient saints of South India and provides a better approach for disease diagnosis, prevention and its management

South African Academics’ Perception of the Impact of Work From Home (WFH) on Effective Teaching and Learning in Universities

This study utilized a qualitative research approach using specifically phenomenological case study research design in a sample of 28 university lecturers in Gauteng, Free State, and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa. Qualitative data were collected using a validated interview schedule. Data collected were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings of the study showed that faculty of education academics perceived working from home orchestrated by COVID-19 as a negative development for the fact that it drained them mentally and thus affected negatively their teaching and learning. Besides, the research participants reported that working from home stalled their academic productivity due to distractions arising from home demands. Conclusively, WFH impacted negatively on effective teaching and learning in universities in South Africa. It was thus recommended that an adequate online learning platform should be put in place always to avoid the repeat of this negative impact of WFH in the future

A REVIEW ON HYPO HIDROTIC EFFECT OF SIDDHA FORMULATION - KUNGUMAPOO MATHIRAI

Hyperhidrosis is a condition present with excess sweating of palms on the hands, soles of the feet, forehead and axillae. This is socially embarrassing. There are few herbs to treat hyperhidrosis in Siddha system of medicine. The drug Kungumapoo Mathirai is being used in Siddha system of medicine for many years to treat hyperhidrosis. The ingredients used in the preparation of Kungumapoo Mathirai are Crocus sativus, Zingiberofficinale, Piper nigrum, Piper cubeba, Costus speciosus, Carum capticum, Piper longum, Syzygium aromaticu, Elettaria cardomom, Korosanai (Oxbile), Vengaram (Sodium biborate), Lingam (Red sulphide of mercury), Sambrani poo (Dry powder of Styrax benzoin). This article reviews the hypo hydration effect of the drug Kungumapoo Mathirai and its ingredients. This review will help to get much information on hypohydrosis effect of the chemical constituents of the drug. The antioxidant properties of the ingredients which is acting as hypo hydrating agent and their mechanism in controlling the nervous excitement by reducing the action potential in detail. The use of herbal drugs is becoming more popular due to the adverse effects of synthetic Anticholenergics and Antispasmodic drugs which are used to treat hyperhidrosis worldwide. Excellence of Siddha, formulated each and every medicines on the basis of Thiridhosa theory and five elemental theory, which are the basic principles of Siddha medicine. The basic theory of Siddha formulation Kungumapoo Mathirai is also explained here

EFFICACY OF CHUNDAI VATRAL CHOORNAM A SIDDHA POLY HERBAL FORMULATION IN TREATING TENSION TYPE OF HEADACHE (TTH) -A CASE REPORT

Siddha system is an ancient system of medicine which is popularly practised around south India particularly in Tamilnadu. Siddhars were considered as the pioneer of Siddha system, this system of medicine mainly encompasses for a healthy life for human beings. Among the broad spectrum of treatment aspects in Siddha system Siddhars classify the forms of internal medicines into 32 types which are all unique by its preparations. Choornam is one of the forms of internal medicine which can be used as single as well as poly herbal formulations. In this case report a poly-herbal formulation in Siddha system was used to treat tension type of headache (TTH). A 30 years old male patient visited out-patient department of Ayothidoss Pandither Hospital in National Institute of Siddha, Chennai. Patient reported with the complaints of episodic and chronic headache which is band like around the head, the intensity becomes mild to moderate, pain increased during working hours for past 2 years. Patient advised to follow the internal medicine Chundai vatral choornam it relives the TTH immediately when he got those symptoms.       &nbsp

A REVIEW ON SIDDHA EXTERNAL THERAPY - NASIYAM (NASAL INSTILLATION)

Siddha system of medicine, one of the ancient, traditional Indian systems of medicine has unique diagnostic methods, therapeutics and treatment procedures. It has a vast range of external modalities of treatment for health management. This external management is classified into 32 types. They include minor surgical procedures and treatment procedures. These therapies are used both as mainstream and supportive therapies - both curative and prophylactic. Most of the therapies are aimed to maintain the equilibrium of the three humours (Vatham, Pitham, Kabam). Among them Nasiyam (Nasal instillation) is one of the external therapies which is a non-invasive procedure. Nasiyam is the process by which the drug is administered through nostrils. This is the treatment procedure to balance the Thirithodam in its normal level. This paper documents the efficacy of Nasiyam, methods of application, shelf life, effect of Nasiyam in treating various diseases, the list of single drug and compound drug formulations that can be used as Nasiyam, Indications and contraindications are discussed in detail. Nasiyam therapy is used to treat the diseases of vitiated Kabam such as migraine, sinusitis, bronchial asthma, nasal polyp etc

ANTI ARTHRITIC ACTIVITY OF HERBO MINERAL SIDDHA PREPARATION ARUMUGA CHENDURAM AGAINST TYPE II COLLAGEN INDUCED ARTHRITIS IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS

Siddha system of medicine is the eternal science of life. It is a system that has its extensive bonding with Dravidian culture, language and beliefs. The system of medicine mostly prevailed and prospered in the regions of Dravidian cultures by the great Siddhars. It’s unique as one only than other AYUSH traditional systems of medicine across India with its distinctive abundant usage of medicinal plants, metals, minerals and animal products. Siddhars used the steps of Alchemy to prepare various medicines from metallic and mineral origin for attainment elixir and various rare diseases. Siddha medicine is classified into 32 types of internal and external medicine each. Among the 32 types of internal medicine Chendhuram is a medicine shelf life of 75 years usually from herbo-mineral combinations. Arumuga Chendhuram (ARC) is a herbo-mineral formulation cited in Siddha literature ‘Siddha Vaithiya Thirattu’. ARC was orally administered at higher dose 2gm/kg to the Wistar Albino rats in acute toxicity study and during 28 days of repeated (sub acute) toxicity study, at daily doses of 12, 24 & 48mg/kg of body weight to the Wistar Albino rats. Type II collagen arthritis is another model for developing autoimmune arthritis. The immune pathogenesis mediated by T cell and B cell response to collagen. By this model, nearly 100% arthritis can be achieved. In our study, ARC after 42 days treatment reduced the arthritic swelling significantly and degree of inflammation evident to act against auto immune disorder

Pulmonary Function Testing and Complications of Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery

__Abstract__ __Background__: Obesity is associated with respiratory symptoms and impaired pulmonary function, which could increase the risk of complications after bariatric surgery. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between pulmonary function parameters before, and the risk of complications after, laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Methods: This prospective study included patients (age 18-60, BMI >35 kg/m2), who were eligible for bariatric surgery. Spirometry was performed in all patients. Complications up to 30 days after bariatric surgery were recorded. Results: Four hundred eighty-five patients were included (304 laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, 181 laparoscopic gastric bypass). There were 53 complications (8 pulmonary, 27 surgical, 14 infectious, 4 other) in 50 patients (10 %). There were 35 re-admissions (7.2 %), and 17 re-laparoscopies (3.5 %). Subjects with and without complications did not differ significantly with respect to demographics, weight, BMI, abdominal circumference or fat percentage. Subjects with complications had a significantly lower mean FEV1(mean 86.9 % predicted) and FVC (95.6 % predicted) compared to patients without complications (95.9 % predicted, p = 0.005, and 100.1 % predicted, p = 0.045, respectively). After adjustment for age, gender, BMI, and smoking, abnormal spirometry value remained the single predictive covariable of postoperative complications: FEV1/FVC <70 % adjusted OR 3.1 (95%CI 1.4-6.8, p = 0.006) and ΔFEV1≥12 % adjusted OR 2.9 (95 %CI 1.3-6.6, p = 0.010). Conclusions: The risk of pulmonary complications after laparoscopic bariatric surgery is low. However, subjects with abnormal spirometry test results have a threefold risk of complications after laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Preoperative pulmonary function testing might be useful to predict the risk of complications of laparoscopic bariatric surgery