The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory is a second generation water Cherenkov detector designed to determine whether the currently observed solar neutrino deficit is a result of neutrino oscillations. The detector is unique in its use of D2O as a detection medium, permitting it to make a solar model-independent test of the neutrino oscillation hypothesis by comparison of the charged- and neutral-current interaction rates. In this paper the physical properties, construction, and preliminary operation of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory are described. Data and predicted operating parameters are provided whenever possible.Comment: 58 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Nucl. Inst. Meth. Uses elsart and epsf style files. For additional information about SNO see http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca . This version has some new reference

Applications of heartbeat complexity analysis to depression and bipolar disorder

Nonlinear digital signal processing methods addressing system complexity have provided useful computational tools for helping in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of a wide range of pathologies. In particular, heartbeat complexity measures have been successful in characterizing patients with mental disorders such as Major Depression and Bipolar Disorder. In this chapter, we describe the use of standard complexity measures such as sample entropy and multiscale entropy, as well as instantaneous measures of entropy to characterize pathological mood states when patients undergo affective elicitation or longterm monitoring. Results demonstrate that complexity measures of cardiovascular dynamics can be promising and viable tools to support clinical decision in mental health, improving on the diagnosis and management of psychiatric disorders