11,985 research outputs found
Stabilized Radiation Pressure Dominated Ion Acceleration from Thin-foil Targets
We study transverse and longitudinal electron heating effects on the target
stability and the ion spectra in the radiation pressure dominated regime of ion
acceleration by means of multi dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations.
Efficient ion acceleration occurs when the longitudinal electron temperature is
kept as low as possible. However, tailoring of the transverse electron
temperature is required in view of suppressing the transverse instability,
which can keep the target structure intact for longer duration during the
acceleration stage. We suggest using the surface erosion of the target to
increase the transverse temperature, which improves both the final peak energy
and the spectral quality of the ions in comparison with a normal flat target.Comment: 5 pages, 3 picture
Target shape effects on monoenergetic GeV proton acceleration
When a circularly polarized laser pulse interacts with a foil target, there
are three stages: pre-hole-boring, hole-boring and the light sail acceleration.
We study the electron and ion dynamics in the first stage and find the minimum
foil thickness requirement for a given laser intensity. Based on this analysis,
we propose to use a shaped foil for ion acceleration, whose thickness varies
transversely to match the laser intensity. Then, the target evolves into three
regions: the acceleration, transparency and deformation regions. In the
acceleration region, the target can be uniformly accelerated producing a
mono-energetic and spatially collimated ion beam. Detailed numerical
simulations are performed to check the feasibility and robustness of this
scheme, such as the influence of shape factors and surface roughness. A GeV
mono-energetic proton beam is observed in the three dimensional
particle-in-cell simulations when a laser pulse with the focus intensity of
1022W=cm2 is used. The energy conversion efficiency of laser pulse to
accelerated proton beam is more than 23%. Synchrotron radiation and damping
effects are also checked in the interaction.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure
Intercultural Sensitivity and Conflict Management Styles in Cross-Cultural Organizational Situations
Increased cultural diversity in work places has aroused considerable attention to conflict management and intercultural sensitivity. However, few studies have investigated these two concepts together. The present study aims to bridge the gap in this line of research with an examination between intercultural sensitivity and conflict management styles in a hypothetical cross-cultural organizational situation. The results from 253 participants indicate that significantly positive and negative relationships exist among the dimensions of the two concepts. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed as well
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