The Dualism of Contemporary Traditional Governance and the State

In many parts of the world, people live in “dual polities”: they are governed by the state and organize collective decision making within their ethnic community according to traditional rules. We examine the substantial body of works on the traditional–state dualism, focusing on the internal organization of traditional polities, their interaction with the state, and the political consequences of the dualism. We find the descriptions of the internal organization of traditional polities scattered and lacking comparative perspective. The literature on the interaction provides a good starting point for theorizing the strategic role of traditional leaders as intermediaries, but large potentials for inference remain underexploited. Studies on the consequences of “dual polities” for democracy, conflict, and development are promising in their explanatory endeavor, but they do not yet allow for robust conclusions. We therefore propose an institutionalist research agenda addressing the need for theory and for systematic data collection and explanatory approaches

Challenges of Regulating Financial Service Provision in Cameroon in the Digital Age and a Globalised World

This article identifies some of the challenges of the digital revolution and globalisation to the regulation of financial services in Cameroon. It provides a reading of records from data collected from documentary and online sources. The results show that to be relevant, the regulation of especially the provision of financial services must take into account evolving concepts about the basis of the operation of the economy and business models. The concepts of ‘time’, ‘space’ and ‘being’, which are central to the ascription of legal responsibility, are also undergoing a re-definition as well as diverse challenges couched inter alia as state politics, globalisation and trade, money laundering and the financing of terrorism. The results are significant in alerting to the dire need for reform of the rules governing the provision of financial services. The pre-digital age rules on the ascription of legal responsibility as well as the basis on which the regulation of such services was founded have been profoundly redefined by the information, communication and technology (ICT) revolution and globalisation. Keywords: Financial service provision, business model, time, being, space money, sovereignty, globalisation. Cet article relève, à partir d’une lecture des données issues des sources documentaires et en ligne, certains nouveaux concepts qui représentent des défis de la révolution numérique et de la mondialisation pour la réglementation des services de prestation financière au Cameroun. Les résultats démontrent que pour la pertinence, une réglementation des services de prestation financière doit tenir compte des nouveaux concepts du fonctionnement de l’économie et les modèles d’affaires. En plus, les concepts de « temps », « espace » et « être », qui sont au cœur de l’attribution de la responsabilité juridique, font actuellement l’objet d’une redéfinition ainsi que de divers défis posés notamment par la politique des États, la mondialisation et le commerce, le blanchiment d’argent et le financement du terrorisme. Les résultats sont significatifs dans la mesure où ils appellent à un besoin urgent des réformes portant sur la règlementation des services de prestation financières. Les règles y afférentes de l’ère pré-numérique en matière d’imputation de la responsabilité juridique, ainsi que les bases sur lesquelles lesdites règlementations étaient fondées, ont été profondément redéfinies par la révolution des TIC et la mondialisation.Mots-clés : Prestation de services financières, modèles d’affaires, temps, espace, l’être, monnaie, mondialisation, souverainet