Dynamic modeling of three-phase upflow fixed-bed reactor including pore diffusion

The dynamics of a three-phase upflow fixed-bed reactor are investigated using a non-isothermal heterogeneous model including gas–liquid and liquid–solid mass transfer and diffusion/reaction phenomena inside the catalyst. The partial differential and algebraic equations involving three integration variables (time and two space coordinates) are solved via discretization of the spatial coordinates coupled with the Gear method. For a multistep hydrogenation on a shell catalyst, the model exhibits significant effects of the external and above all internal resistance to hydrogen transfer but also non-trivial internal hydrocarbons concentration profiles. A simplified model is compared with the extended one and with experimental data in transient regime. In the investigated conditions—hydrocarbons in large excess—the diffusion of hydrocarbons appears to be actually not limiting, so that the simplest model predicts accurately the transient reactor behavior

Systematic Review of Medicine-Related Problems in Adult Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Direct Oral Anticoagulants

New oral anticoagulant agents continue to emerge on the market and their safety requires assessment to provide evidence of their suitability for clinical use. There-fore, we searched standard databases to summarize the English language literature on medicine-related problems (MRPs) of direct oral anticoagulants DOACs (dabigtran, rivaroxban, apixban, and edoxban) in the treatment of adults with atri-al fibrillation. Electronic databases including Medline, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstract (IPA), Scopus, CINAHL, the Web of Science and Cochrane were searched from 2008 through 2016 for original articles. Studies pub-lished in English reporting MRPs of DOACs in adult patients with AF were in-cluded. Seventeen studies were identified using standardized protocols, and two reviewers serially abstracted data from each article. Most articles were inconclusive on major safety end points including major bleeding. Data on major safety end points were combined with efficacy. Most studies inconsistently reported adverse drug reactions and not adverse events or medication error, and no definitions were consistent across studies. Some harmful drug effects were not assessed in studies and may have been overlooked. Little evidence is provided on MRPs of DOACs in patients with AF and, therefore, further studies are needed to establish the safety of DOACs in real-life clinical practice

A 5-year review of the immunization profile of older adults with liver disease at a community hospital

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Determining the position of artificial tooth in relation to the base of palatal rugae: a pilot study

The palatal rugae area is a prominent landmark in the maxillary arch and its position lie constant throughout the life and therefore it can be used as a guideline for the placement of artificial teeth in the maxillary arch. METHODS: 50 subjects were randomly selected and were evaluated for the position of the palatal rugae. RESULTS: 35 casts showed that the base of rugae lies on the distal margin of the 2nd premolar. 9 casts showed that the base of the rugae lies on distal half of the 2nd premolar.6 casts showed that base of the rugae lies on mesial half of the 2nd premolar. Conclusion : Thus in artificial teeth arrangement 2nd premolar can be place in relation to the base of the palatal rugae. This will also guide us in the selection of proper size and form of the artificial teeth set

Differential knee joint loading patterns during gait for individuals with tibiofemoral and patellofemoral articular cartilage defects in the knee

To determine compartment-specific loading patterns during gait, quantified as joint reaction forces (JRF), of individuals with knee articular cartilage defects (ACD) compared to healthy controls (HC). Individuals with ACDs and HC participated. Individuals with ACDs were divided into groups according to ACD location: PF (only a patellofemoral ACD), TF (only a tibiofemoral ACD), and MIX (both PF and TF ACDs). Participants underwent three-dimensional gait analysis at self-selected speed. TF joint reaction force (TF-JRF) was calculated using inverse dynamics. PF joint reaction force (PF-JRF) was derived from estimated quadriceps force (FQUAD) and knee flexion angle. Primary variables of interest were the PF- and TF-JRF peaks (body weight [×BW]). Related secondary variables (gait speed, quadriceps strength, knee function, activity level) were evaluated as covariates. First peak PF-JRF and TF-JRF were similar in the TF and MIX groups (0.75–1.0 ×BW, P = 0.6–0.9). Both peaks were also similar in the PF and HC groups (1.1–1.3 ×BW, P = 0.7–0.8), and higher than the TF and MIX groups (P = 0.004–0.02). For the second peak PF-JRF, only the HC group was higher than the TF group (P = 0.02). The PF group walked at a similar speed as the HC group; both groups walked faster than the TF and MIX groups (P < 0.001). With gait speed and quadriceps strength as covariates, no differences were observed in JRF peaks. The results suggest the presence of a TF ACD (TF and MIX groups), but not a PF ACD (PF group), may affect joint loading patterns during walking. Walking slower may be a protective gait modification to reduce load

Treatment and follow-up of the first case of human trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in India

The first reported human case of trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi was treated using suramin. Patient follow-up indicates that the drug and specific regimen used were well tolerated. Clinical, serological and parasitological investigations at 6 months indicate complete cure of the patient. Suramin should be considered in the treatment of other cases of human T evansi infection, if they occur. (c) 2005 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved