About Segmentation Step in Content-based Image Retrieval Systems

International audienceDespite of the hope arised a few years ago, Content Based Image Retrieval - CBIR - systems has not reached the initial goal, ie to manage and search images in database: we are unable to link the semantic sens of an image to numerical values. However, some members of the community have begun the necessary introspection. The analyze of each step of the feature extraction will allow us to overcome actual problematics and to take the right path in the future. In this context, we propose in this paper to discuss about a low-level tool frequently used: the segmentation step. In the general context of scene images, we evaluate the stability of some classical algorithms using a basic protocol. The quite inefficiency of all approaches let us conclude to the necessity to use meta-data and any other collected informations during this first segmentation step

RTIM: a Real-Time Influence Maximization Strategy

International audienceInfluence Maximization (IM) consists in finding in a network the top-k influencers who will maximize the diffusion of information. However, the exponential growth of online advertisement is due to Real-Time Bidding (RTB) which targets users on webpages. It requires complex ad placement decisions in real-time to face a high-speed stream of users. In order to stay relevant, the IM problem should be updated to answer RTB needs. While traditional IM generates a static set of influ-encers, they do not fit with an RTB environment which requires dynamic influence targeting. This paper proposes RTIM, the first IM algorithm capable of targeting users in a RTB environment. We also analyze influence scores of users in several social networks and provide a thorough experimental process to compare static versus dynamic IM solutions

Using recognition testing to support semantic learning in developmental amnesia

Patients with developmental amnesia (DA) have suffered hippocampal damage in infancy and subsequently shown poor episodic memory, but good semantic memory. It is not clear how patients with DA learn semantic information in the presence of episodic amnesia. However, patients with DA show good recognition memory and it is possible that semantic learning may be supported by recognition. Building on previous work, we compared two methods for supporting semantic learning in DA; recognition-learning and recall-learning. In each condition, a patient with DA (aged 8 years) was presented with semantic information in animated videos. After each presentation of a video, learning was supported by an immediate memory test. Two videos were paired with a cued recall test. Another two videos were paired with a multiple-choice test to enable recognition-based learning. The outcome measure was semantic recall performance after a short delay of 30 min and a long delay of one week. Results showed a benefit of recognition-learning compared to recall-learning on cued recall in the patient with DA (76% vs. 35%). This finding indicates that young people with severe hippocampal damage can utilize recognition to support semantic learning. This has implications for the support of school-aged children with episodic memory difficulties

Représentations du corps souffrant dans la Vie et les Miracles de Saint Louis de Guillaume de Saint-Pathus

Mephibosheth mangeait toujours à la table du roi [David] ; et il était boiteux des deux pieds (2 Samuel, IX, 13). Je crois avoir compris que beaucoup aient eu envie de le voir, de l'entendre, de le toucher... ce grand maigre et beau Louis aux yeux de colombe (J. Le Goff, Saint Louis). Le frère mineur Guillaume, originaire de Saint-Pathus près de Meaux, fut pendant 18 ans le Confesseur de la reine Marguerite de Provence, veuve de Saint Louis, puis celui de sa fille, Blanche de France, veuve d..

Comprendre par les sens : Pour une approche tactile de L’Apollonide

Cet article se propose d’étudier le film de Bertrand Bonello, L’Apollonide (2011) en s’intéressant aux différentes formes que recouvre le toucher au sein du film. Nous constaterons que c’est à travers la symbolique du toucher que se dessine la complexité de la figure féminine mise en place par le récit. En choisissant de nous présenter le quotidien d’une maison close à la fin du XIXème siècle, le film dépasse le simple cadre illustratif afin de nous amener au plus près du vécu subjectif de ces femmes. Nous observerons alors que le toucher n’est pas une donnée propre à l’univers diégétique, en ce qu’il va également définir le contact qui se noue entre le spectateur et les images, ces dernières appelant divers types d’investissements physiques et émotionnels, faisant tour à tour du spectateur un simple voyant ou un participant actif du récit.Understanding Through the Senses: For a Tactile Approach of L'Apollonide This article offers to analyze the significance of touch in Bertrand Bonello’s L’Apollonide : Souvenirs de la maison close (2011). I will observe how touch operates as a structuring device within the narrative, as it serves to evidence the complex status of the women within the house of tolerance. I will show that touch can embody the women’s subjection to masculine desires, but also their wish to break free from the constraints of their profession and to express their inner feelings. I will highlight how the mise-en-scène works to elicit various corporeal involvments on the spectator’s behalf that mimic this duality at heart of the representation. The spectator is either asked to remain at a distance from the image and to consider the women as pure objects of desire, or he is invited to emerge himself within the fabric of the image to experience the women’s subjectivity and emotions

Selective lesion of the hippocampus increases the differentiation of immature neurons in the monkey amygdala

A large population of immature neurons is present in the ventromedial portion of the adult primate amygdala, a region that receives substantial direct projections from the hippocampal formation. Here, we show the effects of neonatal (n = 8) and adult (n = 6) hippocampal lesions on the populations of mature and immature neurons in the paralaminar, lateral, and basal nuclei of the adult monkey amygdala. Compared with unoperated controls (n = 7), the number of mature neurons was about 70% higher in the paralaminar nucleus of neonate- and adult-lesioned monkeys, and 40% higher in the lateral and basal nuclei of neonate-lesioned monkeys. The number of immature neurons in the paralaminar nucleus was 40% higher in neonate-lesioned monkeys and 30% lower in adult-lesioned monkeys. Similar changes in neuron numbers were also found in two monkeys with nonexperimental, selective, bilateral hippocampal damage. These changes in neuron numbers following hippocampal lesions appear to reflect the differentiation of immature neurons present in the paralaminar nucleus. After adult lesions, the differentiation of immature neurons was essentially restricted to the paralaminar nucleus and was associated with a decrease in the population of immature neurons. In contrast, after neonatal lesions, the differentiation of immature neurons involved the paralaminar, lateral, and basal nuclei. It was associated with an increase in the population of immature neurons in the paralaminar nucleus. Such lesion-induced neuronal plasticity sheds new light on potential mechanisms that may facilitate functional recovery following focal brain injury

Life and Death of Immature Neurons in the Juvenile and Adult Primate Amygdala.

In recent years, a large population of immature neurons has been documented in the paralaminar nucleus of the primate amygdala. A substantial fraction of these immature neurons differentiate into mature neurons during postnatal development or following selective lesion of the hippocampus. Notwithstanding a growing number of studies on the origin and fate of these immature neurons, fundamental questions about the life and death of these neurons remain. Here, we briefly summarize what is currently known about the immature neurons present in the primate ventral amygdala during development and in adulthood, as well as following selective hippocampal lesions. We provide evidence confirming that the distribution of immature neurons extends to the anterior portions of the entorhinal cortex and layer II of the perirhinal cortex. We also provide novel arguments derived from stereological estimates of the number of mature and immature neurons, which support the view that the migration of immature neurons from the lateral ventricle accompanies neuronal maturation in the primate amygdala at all ages. Finally, we propose and discuss the hypothesis that increased migration and maturation of neurons in the amygdala following hippocampal dysfunction may be linked to behavioral alterations associated with certain neurodevelopmental disorders

In Brief

Table of Contents: Masthead The Dean Reports Arthur D. Austin II, Narrative Writing as Legal Scholarlship: An Interview with Derrick Bell Editors of the Journals Helping Haitians Seeking Asylum Commencement 1992 Alumni Weekend Fast Approaches! Class of 1992 Placement Report 1992 Dunmore Results Obiter Dicta Annual Fund Goals: $640,000 and 100% Campaign Notes Two New Faculty (Morriss and Wagner) Sidney Picker, Jr. ILC Update Working with CEELI: One Lawyer\u27s International Initiaitve Return of the Adjuncts Six New Benchers Alumni Publications? A Law Review Symposium A Conference on U.S./Japan Transactions Faculty Notes Mary Kay Kantz, Speech Training for Law Students Class Notes In Memroiam Missing Persons Continuing Legal Education Law Alumni Association Calendar of Eventshttps://scholarlycommons.law.case.edu/in_brief/1054/thumbnail.jp

Stereological analysis of the rat and monkey amygdala

The amygdala is part of a neural network that contributes to the regulation of emotional behaviors. Rodents, especially rats, are used extensively as model organisms to decipher the functions of specific amygdala nuclei, in particular in relation to fear and emotional learning. Analysis of the role of the nonhuman primate amygdala in these functions has lagged work in the rodent but provides evidence for conservation of basic functions across species. Here we provide quantitative information regarding the morphological characteristics of the main amygdala nuclei in rats and monkeys, including neuron and glial cell numbers, neuronal soma size, and individual nuclei volumes. The volumes of the lateral, basal, and accessory basal nuclei were, respectively, 32, 39, and 39 times larger in monkeys than in rats. In contrast, the central and medial nuclei were only 8 and 4 times larger in monkeys than in rats. The numbers of neurons in the lateral, basal, and accessory basal nuclei were 14, 11, and 16 times greater in monkeys than in rats, whereas the numbers of neurons in the central and medial nuclei were only 2.3 and 1.5 times greater in monkeys than in rats. Neuron density was between 2.4 and 3.7 times lower in monkeys than in rats, whereas glial density was only between 1.1 and 1.7 times lower in monkeys than in rats. We compare our data in rats and monkeys with those previously published in humans and discuss the theoretical and functional implications that derive from our quantitative structural findings