Aplicaciones de SIG y teledetección en la exploración de patrones arqueológicos en el ámbito geográfico del Gran Coclé

The prime object for using the GIS and remote method detections, which we are applying in the archaeological project, is to find the links between archaeological items on the geographic space in relation to their location, and in this way justify the differential cultural activities as part of the landscape of the plains and mountains of Coclé. In Panamá there is not enough qualified cartographic and thematic maps. For this reason we need to improve all the geographical information using high resolution remote images and digital models of the landscape. This gives us a complete mapping of the area which helps us to understand the past, and try to arrange the present and manage the historical and cultural resources of the panamenian patrimony that requires a serious and commitment scope with projection

Controlled Manipulation of Mode Splitting in an Optical Microcavity by Two Rayleigh Scatterers

We report controlled manipulation of mode splitting in an optical microresonator coupled to two nanoprobes. It is demonstrated that, by controlling the positions of the nanoprobes, the split modes can be tuned simultaneously or individually and experience crossing or anti-crossing in frequency and linewidth. A tunable transition between standing wave mode and travelling wave mode is also observed. Underlying physics is discussed by developing a two-scatterer model which can be extended to multiple scatterers. Observed rich dynamics and tunability of split modes in a single microresonator will find immediate applications in optical sensing, opto-mechanics, filters and will provide a platform to study strong light-matter interactions in two-mode cavities.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 14 references. Major revision. Published version in Optics Expres

Resultados de las prospecciones magnética y eléctrica del yacimiento arqueológico El Caño (NA-20), Gran Coclé, Panamá

In this work we have presented the results of the application of the geophysical methods that we have used for the location of Pre-Columbian features in El Caño (NA-20) archaeological site. In this place we have made magnetic and electrical surveys with the objective of detecting accurately the organization and space configuration of this occupation and the degree of anthropogenic disturbance recent product of the agrarian activity and non-professional excavations

Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Efficacy of Intravitreal Digoxin in Preclinical Models for Retinoblastoma

PURPOSE:To assess in vitro cytotoxic activity and antiangiogenic effect, ocular and systemic disposition, and toxicity of digoxin in rabbits after intravitreal injection as a potential candidate for retinoblastoma treatment.METHODS:A panel of two retinoblastoma and three endothelial cell types were exposed to increasing concentrations of digoxin in a conventional (72-hour exposure) and metronomic (daily exposure) treatment scheme. Cytotoxicity was defined as the digoxin concentration that killed 50% of the cells (IC50) and was assessed with a vital dye in all cell types. Induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle status were evaluated by flow cytometry after both treatment schemes. Ocular and systemic disposition after intravitreal injection as well as toxicity was assessed in rabbits. Electroretinograms (ERGs) were recorded before and after digoxin doses and histopathological examinations were performed after enucleation.RESULTS:Digoxin was cytotoxic to retinoblastoma and endothelial cells under conventional and metronomic treatment. IC50 was comparable between both schedules and induced apoptosis in all cell lines. Calculated vitreous digoxin Cmax was 8.5 μg/mL and the levels remained above the IC50 for at least 24 hours after intravitreal injection. Plasma digoxin concentration was below 0.5 ng/ml. Retinal toxicity was evident after the third intravitreal dose with considerable changes in the ERG and histologic damage to the retina.CONCLUSIONS:Digoxin has antitumor activity for retinoblastoma while exerting antiangiogenic activity in vitro at similar concentrations. Metronomic treatment showed no advantage in terms of dose for cytotoxic effect. Four biweekly injections of digoxin led to local toxicity to the retina but no systemic toxicity in rabbits.Fil: Winter, Ursula Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Buitrago, Emiliano. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Mena, Hebe Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: del Sole, Maria Jose. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Departamento de Fisiopatología. Laboratorio de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Laurent, Viviana Eunice. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Negrotto, Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Medicina Experimental. Academia Nacional de Medicina de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Francis, Jasmine. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Arana, Eloisa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo; ArgentinaFil: Sgroi, Mariana. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Croxatto, Juan Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación Oftalmología Argentina "J. Malbrán"; ArgentinaFil: Djaballah, Hakim. Core Facility Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Chantada, Guillermo Luis. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Abramson, David. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Schaiquevich, Paula Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; Argentin

Strong magnetic response of submicron Silicon particles in the infrared

High-permittivity dielectric particles with resonant magnetic properties are being explored as constitutive elements of new metamaterials and devices in the microwave regime. Magnetic properties of low-loss dielectric nanoparticles in the visible or infrared are not expected due to intrinsic low refractive index of optical materials in these regimes. Here we analyze the dipolar electric and magnetic response of loss-less dielectric spheres made of moderate permittivity materials. For low material refractive index there are no sharp resonances due to strong overlapping between different multipole contributions. However, we find that Silicon particles with refractive index 3.5 and radius approx. 200nm present a dipolar and strong magnetic resonant response in telecom and near-infrared frequencies, (i.e. at wavelengths approx. 1.2-2 micrometer). Moreover, the light scattered by these Si particles can be perfectly described by dipolar electric and magnetic fields, quadrupolar and higher order contributions being negligible.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure

Developments on Metallomic and Proteomic strategies for early diagnosis of Alzheimer´s Disease

The current Thesis deals with the searching of biomarkers for an early Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis. The two first chapters have been devoted to the optimization of methods for the determination of several elements by ICP-MS (use of dried blood spot, DBS; and discrete sampling followed to introduction in ICP-MS). In the second part of this thesis regarding proteomics, several proteins for differentiating three groups of population (healthy people, AD patients, and MCI patients) have been found. In a final chapter, LA conditions have been optimized for the determination of metals in the isoforms of two proteins [Serotransferrin (TRFE) and Keratin type II cytoskeletal 1 (K2C1)] after 2D electrophoresis

Impacto técnico ambiental del descubrimiento : lecciones para la educación ambiental

Este texto analiza la educación ambiental, la cual trata de servir de instrumento en el ambiente de decisiones sobre el desarrollo y las implicaciones ambientales

Los canjes de deuda por naturaleza. El caso dominicano

Los ambientalistas vieron últimamente surgir varios conceptos: ecodesarrollo, desarrollo sostenido, ecoturismo y educación ambiental, desarrollo sustentable, sin ver realmente la definición de políticas sustentadas no sólo en la soberanía, sino en la descentralización política y administrativa, en la participación de las mayorías en la determinación de su destino, en particular en las modalidades para reducir los niveles de pobreza, el real y verdadero problema ambiental de América Latina y República Dominicana. Los canjes de deuda por naturaleza han cegado a algunos grupos, la mayoría sabe que en el manejo ambiental, sólo el Estado puede y debe reducir los costos ambientales de los intereses privados, sólo él puede redistribuir parte del producto interno bruto en programas o acciones que permitan, no sólo el equilibrio ecológico, sino el desarrollo armónico entre el ser humano y la naturaleza

Influencia del tratamiento médico en el pronóstico del cáncer de próstata intervenido quirúrgicamente

[ES]En una serie multicéntrica se encuentra que el 19.78% de los pacientes tratados de cáncer de próstata (CP) con intención curativa mediante prostatectomía radical (PR) precisan tratamiento médico coadyuvante. Interesa conocer los efectos de estos tratamientos. OBJETIVOS: Conocer la relación entre los diagnósticos secundarios (DDSS) de novo y el tratamiento médico adyuvante a la prostatectomía radical. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS Estudio retrospectivo de 910 varones intervenidos quirúrgicamente de CP antes de diciembre de 2016. Grupos de estudio: Grupo A(GA, n=170): pacientes tratados de CP mediante prostatectomía radical (PR) más tratamiento médico. Grupo B(GB, n=740): pacientes tratados con PR sólo. La hormonoterapia (HT) se codificó: HT1(1.97%): Abiraterona + Leuprorelina. HT2(1.97%): Bicalutamida. HT3(0.98%): Goserelina + Bicalutamida. HT4(9.78%): Leuprorelina. HT5(0.98%): Leuprorelina + Bicalutamida. HT6(0.98%): Leuprorelina + Enzalutamida. HT7(1.97%): Triptorelina. HT8(1.09%): Triptorelina + Bicalutamida. Edad, PSA, pTNM, Gleason, antecedentes médico-quirúrgicos, tiempo de seguimiento, DDSS pre y post-tratamiento fueron analizados. Estadística descriptiva, análisis ANOVA, t de Student, test exacto de Fisher, test de correlación de Pearson, análisis multivariante, p<0.05 se considera significativo. RESULTADOS Edad media 64.50años (45-90). Hubo más depresión en HT6 , HT8 y HT4. No hubo diferencia en patología respiratoria entre subgrupos. Hubo más cardiopatía isquémica en HT2 y menos en la HT4. Hubo más HTA en HT3, DM en HT2, dislipemia en subgrupos HT1, HT5 y HT8; hepatopatía en HT1, HT2 y HT7 (y menos en HT4), hiperuricemia en HT1 y HT2. Entre GA y GB en post-tratamiento en GA fueron más frecuentes depresión, cardiopatía isquémica, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipemia, hepatopatía, hiperuricemia. No hubo diferencias en patología respiratoria, incontinencia urinaria, síntomas del tracto urinario inferior y necesidad de tratamiento antiagregante. CONCLUSIONES Depresión, cardiopatía isquémica, HTA, DM, hepatopatía e hiperuricemia son más frecuentes en pacientes que reciben tratamiento médico. No aumenta la patología respiratoria, incontinencia urinaria, síntomas del tracto urinario inferior y necesidad de tratamiento antiagregante. Goserelina más bicalutamida (HT3) muestra mejoría de parámetros de depresión, patología respiratoria, hiperuricemia, síntomas del tracto urinario inferior respecto a otros protocolos. Leuprorelina más bicalutamida (HT5) muestra buen control evolutivo en la probabilidad de desarrollar cardiopatía isquémica, hipertensión arterial e hiperuricemia respecto a otros protocolos.[EN]In a multicentre trial, it is found that 19.78% of patients treated for prostate cancer (PC) with curative intention by radical prostatectomy (RP) require adjuvant medical treatment. It is interesting to know the effects of these treatments. OBJECTIVES: To know the relationship between de novo secondary diagnoses (DDSS) and adjuvant medical treatment to radical prostatectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Retrospective study of 910 men surgically treated with PC before December 2016. Study groups: Group A (GA, n = 170): patients treated for PC by radical prostatectomy (RP) plus medical treatment. Group B (GB, n = 740): patients treated with PR only. Hormone therapy (HT) was coded: HT1 (1.97%): Abiraterone + Leuprorelin. HT2 (1.97%): Bicalutamide. HT3 (0.98%): Goserelin + Bicalutamide. HT4 (9.78%): Leuprorelin. HT5 (0.98%): Leuprorelin + Bicalutamide. HT6 (0.98%): Leuprorelin + Enzalutamide. HT7 (1.97%): Triptorelin. HT8 (1.09%): Triptorelin + Bicalutamide. Age, PSA, pTNM, Gleason, medical-surgical background, follow-up time, DDSS pre and post-treatment were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA analysis, Student's t test, Fisher's exact test, Pearson's correlation test, multivariate analysis, p <0.05 is considered significant. RESULTS Average age 64.50 years (45-90). There was more depression in HT6, HT8 and HT4. There was no difference in respiratory pathology between subgroups. There was more ischemic heart disease in HT2 and less in HT4. There was more HT in HT3, DM in HT2, dyslipidemia in subgroups HT1, HT5 and HT8; liver disease in HT1, HT2 and HT7 (and less in HT4), hyperuricemia in HT1 and HT2. Between GA and GB post-treatment, in GA were more frequent depression, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, liver disease, hyperuricemia. There were no differences in respiratory pathology, urinary incontinence, lower urinary tract symptoms and the need for antiplatelet therapy. CONCLUSIONS Depression, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, DM, liver disease and hyperuricemia are more frequent in patients receiving medical treatment. It does not increase respiratory pathology, urinary incontinence, lower urinary tract symptoms and the need for antiplatelet therapy. Goserelin plus bicalutamide (HT3) shows improvement of depression parameters, respiratory pathology, hyperuricemia, lower urinary tract symptoms compared to other protocols. Leuprorelin plus bicalutamide (HT5) shows good control in the probability of developing ischemic heart disease, hypertension and hyperuricemia compared to other protocols