Temperature based on RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios on Jeju Island: (a) the five-year average daily temperature from 2020 to 2099, and (b) the five-year average daily precipitation from 2020 to 2099.

<p>Temperature based on RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6.0, and RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios on Jeju Island: (a) the five-year average daily temperature from 2020 to 2099, and (b) the five-year average daily precipitation from 2020 to 2099.</p

Reports on yearly cases of dengue fever from 2001–2016 (unit: cases per year).

<p>Reports on yearly cases of dengue fever from 2001–2016 (unit: cases per year).</p

Definitions and baseline values of parameters used in numerical simulations.

<p>Definitions and baseline values of parameters used in numerical simulations.</p

The effect of coupling strength on patch-specific incidence.

<p>(A) Strong coupling (<i>p</i>₁₂ = <i>p</i>₂₁ = 0.3) and (B) weak coupling (<i>p</i>₁₂ = <i>p</i>₂₁ = 0.01) for the case of symmetric coupling and the sinusoidal type seasonality (<i>S</i>₂).</p

Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios.

<p>Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios.</p

Correlation between cumulative number of infectious mosquitoes and RCP scenarios.

<p>Correlation between cumulative number of infectious mosquitoes and RCP scenarios.</p

Cumulative incidence for one year under different control duration.

<p>When both patches are controlled for (A) three years and (B) six years, cumulative incidence for one year is compared with cumulative incidence for one year without control (displayed on time 0) using <i>p</i>₁₂ = 0.1, <i>p</i>₂₁ = 0.001 and the sinusoidal type seasonality (<i>S</i>₂).</p

Single-strain model: (a) infectious mosquitoes and (b) incidence of humans are displayed over 50 years based on RCP 2.6 (black solid line), RCP 4.5 (green dashed line), RCP 6.0 (blue dotted line), and RCP 8.5 (red dash-dotted line).

<p>The initial conditions are set to <i>I</i>_<i>h</i>(0) = 0, <i>I</i>_<i>v</i>(0) = 0, <i>N</i>_<i>h</i>(0) = 676000, and <i>N</i>_<i>v</i>(0) = 2 × 676000.</p

Two-strain model: (a) primary cumulative incidence of humans, (b) secondary cumulative incidence of humans, (c) cumulative number of infectious mosquitoes, and (d) cumulative fatality cases are displayed over 50 years based on RCP 2.6 (black), RCP 4.5 (green), RCP 6.0 (blue), and RCP 8.5 (red).

<p>The initial conditions are set to <i>I</i>_<i>v</i>1(0) = <i>I</i>_<i>v</i>2(0) = 0, <i>I</i>_<i>h</i>1(0) = 0, <i>I</i>_<i>h</i>2(0) = 0, <i>N</i>_<i>h</i>(0) = 676000, and <i>N</i>_<i>v</i>(0) = 2 × 676000.</p

Daily temperature-dependent parameters are displayed over time based on the RCP 8.5 scenario starting on June 1, 2020.

<p>(a) Pre-adult maturation rate (<i>ω</i>), (b) transmissible rate (<i>β</i>_<i>hv</i>, <i>β</i>_<i>hv</i>), (c) virus incubation rate (<i>ε</i>), and (d) mortality rate (<i>μ</i>_<i>v</i>).</p