Early outcomes after small incision lenticule extraction and photorefractive keratectomy for correction of high myopia

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Effect of location of opening incision on astigmatic correction after small-incision lenticule extraction

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Comparison of the Early Clinical Outcomes between Combined Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction and Collagen Cross-Linking versus SMILE for Myopia

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Neural Plastic Effects of Cognitive Training on Aging Brain.

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Large-scale plasma proteomic profiling identifies a high-performance biomarker panel for Alzheimer's disease screening and staging

INTRODUCTION: Blood proteins are emerging as candidate biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We systematically profiled the plasma proteome to identify novel AD blood biomarkers and develop a high-performance, blood-based test for AD. METHODS: We quantified 1160 plasma proteins in a Hong Kong Chinese cohort by high-throughput proximity extension assay and validated the results in an independent cohort. In subgroup analyses, plasma biomarkers for amyloid, tau, phosphorylated tau, and neurodegeneration were used as endophenotypes of AD. RESULTS: We identified 429 proteins that were dysregulated in AD plasma. We selected 19 “hub proteins” representative of the AD plasma protein profile, which formed the basis of a scoring system that accurately classified clinical AD (area under the curve = 0.9690–0.9816) and associated endophenotypes. Moreover, specific hub proteins exhibit disease stage-dependent dysregulation, which can delineate AD stages. DISCUSSION: This study comprehensively profiled the AD plasma proteome and serves as a foundation for a high-performance, blood-based test for clinical AD screening and staging

European bone mineral density loci are also associated with BMD in East-Asian populations

Most genome-wide association (GWA) studies have focused on populations of European ancestry with limited assessment of the influence of the sequence variants on populations of other ethnicities. To determine whether markers that we have recently shown to associate with Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in Europeans also associate with BMD in East-Asians we analysed 50 markers from 23 genomic loci in samples from Korea (n = 1,397) and two Chinese Hong Kong sample sets (n = 3,869 and n = 785). Through this effort we identified fourteen loci that associated with BMD in East-Asian samples using a false discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05; 1p36 (ZBTB40, P = 4.3×10 -9), 1p31 (GPR177, P = 0.00012), 3p22 (CTNNB1, P = 0.00013), 4q22 (MEPE, P = 0.0026), 5q14 (MEF2C, P = 1.3×10 -5), 6q25 (ESR1, P = 0.0011), 7p14 (STARD3NL, P = 0.00025), 7q21 (FLJ42280, P = 0.00017), 8q24 (TNFRSF11B, P = 3.4×10 -5), 11p15 (SOX6, P = 0.00033), 11q13 (LRP5, P = 0.0033), 13q14 (TNFSF11, P = 7.5×10 -5), 16q24 (FOXL1, P = 0.0010) and 17q21 (SOST, P = 0.015). Our study marks an early effort towards the challenge of cataloguing bone density variants shared by many ethnicities by testing BMD variants that have been established in Europeans, in East-Asians. © 2010 Styrkarsdottir et al.published_or_final_versio

Is there a role for prophylactic collagen crosslinking in laser in-situ keratomileusis?

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Comparison of the demarcation line on ASOCT after simultaneous LASIK and different protocols of accelerated collagen cross-linking: a bilateral eye randomised study

ESCRS: 10-14 September and Euretina: 8-11 SeptemberPosterPURPOSE: To compare the early corneal morphological changes of two different protocols of simultaneous laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and accelerated collagen crosslinking (LASIK Xtra) in the treatment of myopia. SETTING: Hong Kong Laser Eye Center, Hong Kong SAR METHODS: 23 patients receiving bilateral LASIK Xtra were included. After femtosecond LASIK, while the LASIK flap was still lifted, the corneal stroma was soaked with 0.22% riboflavin solution for 90 seconds. After the flap was re-positioned, one eye was randomized to receive either 18 mW/cm2 of UVA irradiation for 120 seconds (total energy 2.16 J/cm2) or for 180 seconds (total energy 3.24 J/cm2), while the fellow eye received the other treatment protocol. The demarcation line was measured with an anterior-segment OCT (Optovue Inc, Fremont, USA) at postoperative 1 month. The grading of corneal haze on slit lamp was also compared. RESULTS: The average age was 29.0 ± 8.2. There was no statistical difference in the preoperative spherical equivalent refraction (p>0.05). At postoperative 1 month, a well-defined demarcation line was visible in 74% and 70% in the 2-and 3-minute groups respectively. The demarcation line depth was 282 ± 51 µm and 284 ± 43 µm respectively (p = 1.00), and the ratio of the demarcation line depth to the postoperative central corneal thickness was 0.69 ± 0.13 and 0.72 ± 0.10 (p = 0.61). There was no difference in the percentage of eyes with grade 1 or 2 corneal haze either (p=0.76). CONCLUSIONS: The depth of the demarcation line was the same with either 2.16 or 3.24 J/cm2 LASIK Xtra protocols. The amount of early postoperative corneal haze was also similar. This suggested that the early morphological change or the amount of tissue cross-linked was similar using the two different protocols. Since the UVA irradiation was given after repositioning of the LASIK flap, the intact corneal epithelium could have acted as a barrier limiting the penetration of the UVA despite a 50% difference in the irradiation duration

Crosslinking for microbial keratitis to Treat or not to Treat?

Asia Cornea Society Symposium: Infective Keratitis—Bacterial, Fungal, Acanthamoeba, HS