Le rôle du folklore et de la tradition dans l'identité nationale

Die Rolle der Folklore und der Tradition in der Nationalen Idetität Der Aufsatz fragt nach den kulturellen Elementen, die im Prozep nationaler Identitätssicherungeingesetzt werden. Im Fall der Schweiz waren dies erst spät Volkskunst, Tracht und Brauch, die im 19. Jahrhundert noch als primitiv galten. Verbunden mit Geschichtsmythen und Bildern alpiner Landschaft fügten sie sich im 20. Jahrhundert, besonders in der Zeit des 2. Weltkriegs, zu einem Heimatkonzept von grower Überzeugungskraft und Integrationsfähigkeit. Davon blieben in der Gegenwart nur noch die Buntheit und der Unterhaltungswert übrig. Sie dienten dem Gründungsjubilaum von 1991 als problemlose und problemverdeckende Programmbasis. Einmal in Objekte eingeschriebene Bedeutungen sind aber revitalisierbar ; politische Instrumentalisierungen kommen immer wieder vor und erfordern unsere Aufmerksamkeit.The importance of the folklore and of the tradition in the construction of national identity The paper deals with the use of cultural elements in the construction of national identity. In Switzerland, images of mountain landscapes and memories of a heroic past played this role ; folklore was added around World War II. For some decades this formed a patriotic ensemble of remarkable persuasiveness and social integration. Today only its entertaining function seems to have remained, and this was put forward at the national celebrations in 1991. But older meanings may be revoked and put to political use. This has to be watched carefully.Burckhardt-Seebass Christine, Chaland Christine, Chaland Karine. Le rôle du folklore et de la tradition dans l'identité nationale. In: Revue des sciences sociales de la France de l'Est, N°24, 1997. Exil, migrations, voyages. pp. 50-54

Beck (U.), Beck-Gernsheim (E.) — Das ganz normale Chaos der Liebe

Chaland Karine. Beck (U.), Beck-Gernsheim (E.) — Das ganz normale Chaos der Liebe. In: Population, 50ᵉ année, n°3, 1995. pp. 868-871

Transformation du rapport conjugal : regard sur le couple contemporain

Veränderung der ‘ehebeziehung buck auf das heutige ehepaar. Seit ein paar Jahrzehnten haben sich die Beziehungen zwischen Mann und Frau in vielen Gebieten verändert. Wir werden uns hier an die Privatsphäre halten. Dieser Beitrag wird mit der Darlegung der wichtigsten Hauptmerkmale der Beziehung zwischen Mann und Frau in der vormodemen und in der modemen Welt beginnen. Dem heutigen Ehepaar, das in vieler Hinsichter neuartige Züge präsentiert, werden wir uns in einem zweiten Teil zuwenden.The transformation of conjugal relationship : today’s couples For several decades, the relation between men and women have profoundly changed in many spheres of social life. We’ll limit this article to the changes in the private sphere. Before turning our attention to the contemporary conjugal relationship, we’ll go back to married life in traditional and in modem society.Chaland Karine. Transformation du rapport conjugal : regard sur le couple contemporain. In: Revue des sciences sociales de la France de l'Est, N°23, 1996. Femmes et hommes dans une Europe en mutation. pp. 127-132

La famille et l’individu chez Platon et Aristote

Familie und Individuum bei Platon und Aristoteles Die Familie ist mindestens seit der griechischen antiken Philosophie ein Thema, das Interesse hervorruft. Sie schiebt sich als sekundärer Gegenstand in die klassischen Themen des griechischen Denkens ein. Die Erwägungen von Platon und Aristoteles fügen sich in den Rahmen einer weitreichenden Überlegung der politischen Organisation und des Individuums im Staat.Family and the individual hy Platon and Aristote Interest in family dates back at least to ancient Greek philosophy. Although initially it was not a primary concern, the family did ultimately became a part of the Greek classical themes. Plato and Aristotle’s ideas about the relationship between man and woman must be considered in a larger context, namely the political organization and the position of the individual in the City.Chaland Karine. La famille et l’individu chez Platon et Aristote. In: Revue des sciences sociales de la France de l'Est, N°25, 1998. Urbanité et citoyenneté. pp. 143-148

Normalité familiale plurielle. Morcellement des biographies et individualisation

Veränderung der Privatlebensformen. Seit zwei Jahrzehnten geht die Familie neue Wege. Dieser Wandel der Familienformen war gleichzeitig der Ursprung einer Erneuerung sowie einer Entwicklung der Familiensoziologie. Ein Vergleich der hauptsächlichen Eigenschaften der modernen und postmodernen Familie stellt eine tiefgreifende Veränderung des familialen Verhaltens heraus. Die Frage warum eine solche Entwicklung stattgefunden hat, ist weitreichend und vielseitig ; die Erklärungsansätze sowie die Perspektiven sind zahlreich. Der Gesichtspunkt der Individualisierung bringt Licht in einen der wichtigsten Aspekte der postmodernen Familie, nämlich ihre Zerbrechlichkeit.The change in conjugal and family life. For two decades now there has been a change in family life. This change in conjugal and family life was the root of the revival of the sociology of the family as well as of its development. A comparison of the major features of the modem and postmodern family reveals indeed a radical change in family and conjugal practices. The question why such an evolution did take place is vast and complex. Interpretations as well as point of views are numerous. The point of view of individualization brings to light one of the main aspects of the postmodern family, that is to say its fragility.Chaland Karine. Normalité familiale plurielle. Morcellement des biographies et individualisation. In: Revue des sciences sociales de la France de l'Est, N°21, 1994. L'Europe du Rire et du Blasphème. pp. 129-134

Paradox in the poetry of Gerard Manley Hopkins

Gerard Manley Hopkins' particular vision of reality derives from his intense and unique intellectual response to the fact of the Incarnation. In his view, the Incarnation so colors the world that each created thing, by virtue of its selfhood, expresses Christ. Hopkins' apprehension of the integration of the finite and infinite in all things, without the loss or diminution of either, creates his vision of a paradoxical world. The problem examined in this thesis is to what degree such a view of life is reflected in, and by, his poetry. There is no examination of purely verbal paradox, except insofar as it reflects or reveals the poet's vision of a paradoxical reality. In the investigation, Hopkins' letters, in particular, those to Robert Bridges and to Richard Watson Dixon, his early diaries, notebooks and journals, as well as his retreat notes, sermons and other devotional writings have been examined and have yielded valuable information about Hopkins' views of life and poetry. The focus of the investigation, however, has been the poems themselves. It is with these that the study was begun, and to these that it constantly returned. From that study, it became apparent that definite themes recur in Hopkins' poetry. When the poems were grouped according to theme, it was found that certain poems center on natural beauty and man's response to it; others on the idea of sacrifice; still others on the problem of suffering, and yet others on the fact of death. An examination of each of the poems in these groups revealed that Hopkins' poetry is his response and solution to the problems posed by his simultaneous awareness of the apparently contradictory elements in reality. In that group whose theme is mortal beauty emerge the paradoxes of the changing creation revealing the changeless creator, of God's simultaneous immanence in, and transcendence of, his works, and of man's consequent difficult, but necessary, response of attachment to, and detachment from, mortal beauty. From those whose theme is sacrifice emerge the paradoxes of the beauty and the merit of the good which the poet voluntarily, but with difficulty, abjures in his own life, and of the denial of self as the highest fulfilment of self. From those whose theme is the problem of suffering emerge, in one group, the paradox of the reconciliation of God's mastery and his mercy, and in another, of the poet's isolation from, and unity with, God. In the first such group, the reconciliation has been facilitated by a prior struggle and enlightenment of the poet. In the second group, the desdlate sonnets, emerges acceptance through indomitable faith, rather than reconciliation. From the final group, whose theme is death, emerges the paradox of the resurrection. This paradox bring Hopkins full circle, for, in the new life, mortal beauty has become immortal. It seems, then, that it is Hopkins' awareness of the duality of the response imposed on him by his perception of these paradoxes, and his efforts to make that response, which give to his poetry its particular tension and intensity. The poetry is the record of the poet's efforts to explain the inexplicable. Although the chronological and thematic progression of response do not always go hand in hand, in the main, they do. There is a definite progression from the poet's happy and untroubled acceptance of the mystery in "Pied Beauty", through his more difficult, yet none the less fully accepted reconciliation in "Carrion Comfort", through his anguish in the desolate sonnets, to his final ringing cry of faith in "That Nature is a Heraclitean Fire". In his relentless questionings of the mysteries inherent in his views of a paradoxical world, Hopkins refused to surrender either his intellect or his faith. His poetry testifies to both, and each enhances the other.Arts, Faculty ofEnglish, Department ofGraduat

Ethical dilemmas faced by masters’ educational psychology students in fieldwork practice

M.Ed. (Educational Psychology)Abstract: Corsini (2002) describes an ethical dilemma as a situation in which moral claims conflict with one another; a problematic value-orientated problem that seems to have no acceptable solution; a choice between equally unsatisfactory alternatives. As part of the Professional Practice module, students are required to do a set number of hours at a practical site. The above mentioned practical sites are usually within a school setting. These students often find themselves at ethical crossroads, not sure of which path is the correct one to follow. To address the complex challenges experienced regarding the implementation of ethical guidelines and the code of conduct, the intention of this study is to understand the dilemmas faced by Masters in educational psychology students whilst completing their practical training. Purposive sampling was used and the study consists of 45 final-year Masters in educational psychology students. A generic qualitative study, founded within an interpretive research paradigm, is used. Data was made available in the form of secondary data which consists of examination position papers written by final-year Masters in educational psychology students as part of their Professional Practice module. Given the nature of the data, thematic analysis was used as a way of identifying themes across the data. Data is then further analysed, where identified themes that could be placed under other themes are re-grouped. A total of thirteen themes are identified, with three themes being identified as being significant to the research question. These themes are: 1) acting in the best interest of the client, 2) confidentiality and 3) informed consent. This study could serve as a valuable tool for the institutions that are responsible for the training of educational psychologists as they will be able to gain insight into, and address, these shortcomings, by adapting their training in a way that will provide the opportunity for these ethical dilemmas to be addressed in more depth. Furthermore, it is suggested that training of a single or various ethical decision-making model/s form part of the Masters in educational psychology curriculum

The transformation of intimacy : sexuality, love and eroticism in modern societies (Transformations de l’intimité : sexualité, amour et érotisme dans les sociétés modernes), A. Giddens, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1992

Chaland Karine. The transformation of intimacy : sexuality, love and eroticism in modern societies (Transformations de l’intimité : sexualité, amour et érotisme dans les sociétés modernes), A. Giddens, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1992. In: Revue des sciences sociales de la France de l'Est, N°23, 1996. Femmes et hommes dans une Europe en mutation. pp. 252-254

Elsa Ramos, Rester enfant, devenir adulte. La cohabitation des étudiants chez leurs parents

Chaland Karine. Elsa Ramos, Rester enfant, devenir adulte. La cohabitation des étudiants chez leurs parents . In: Recherches et Prévisions, n°75, 2004. pp. 116-118