USO DE BENZODIAZEPÍNICOS EM EMERGÊNCIAS PSIQUIÁTRICAS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DAS EVIDÊNCIAS

This article presents an integrative review on the use of benzodiazepines in psychiatric emergencies, aiming to compile and analyze the available evidence regarding their efficacy, safety, and clinical implications. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 were included, selected from PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO databases using keywords such as “benzodiazepines,” “psychiatric emergencies,” and “treatment.” Data analysis revealed that benzodiazepines are effective in the rapid stabilization of acute symptoms, such as psychomotor agitation and severe anxiety crises. However, prolonged use is associated with significant risks, including dependence, tolerance, and adverse effects, particularly in vulnerable populations like the elderly. Comparisons with other pharmacological interventions suggest that second-generation antipsychotics may be viable alternatives with a potentially more favorable adverse effect profile. The review also highlighted the importance of non-pharmacological interventions, such as nursing care, which can complement pharmacological treatment. It concludes that while benzodiazepines are a valuable tool in psychiatric emergencies, it is crucial to follow stringent clinical guidelines and personalize treatment to maximize benefits and minimize risks.Este artigo apresenta uma revisão integrativa sobre o uso de benzodiazepínicos em emergências psiquiátricas, com o objetivo de compilar e analisar as evidências disponíveis acerca de sua eficácia, segurança e implicações clínicas. Foram incluídos estudos publicados entre 2014 e 2024, selecionados nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e SciELO, utilizando palavras-chave como “benzodiazepínicos”, “emergências psiquiátricas” e “tratamento”. A análise dos dados revelou que os benzodiazepínicos são eficazes na estabilização rápida de sintomas agudos, como agitação psicomotora e crises de ansiedade severa. No entanto, o uso prolongado está associado a riscos significativos, incluindo dependência, tolerância e efeitos adversos, especialmente em populações vulneráveis como idosos. Comparações com outras intervenções farmacológicas sugerem que antipsicóticos de segunda geração podem ser alternativas viáveis, com um perfil de efeitos adversos potencialmente mais favorável. A revisão também destacou a importância das intervenções não farmacológicas, como a assistência de enfermagem, que podem complementar o tratamento farmacológico. Conclui-se que, embora os benzodiazepínicos sejam uma ferramenta valiosa em emergências psiquiátricas, é crucial seguir diretrizes clínicas rigorosas e personalizar o tratamento para maximizar os benefícios e minimizar os riscos. &nbsp

Eficácia dos Protocolos de Suporte Avançado de Vida no Atendimento Pré-Hospitalar de Parada Cardiorrespiratória: Uma Revisão Integrativa

This article presents an integrative review on the effectiveness of Advanced Life Support (ALS) protocols in the pre-hospital management of cardiac arrest. The research was conducted by analyzing nine studies selected from electronic databases, published between 2018 and 2023. The results indicate that the standardization of ALS practices, according to the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, significantly increases the rates of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to hospital discharge. Additionally, continuous education and regular training of healthcare professionals are crucial for the effectiveness of pre-hospital care. Adequate infrastructure and availability of resources are also determinants for the success of ALS interventions. The integration of educational technologies and technological advancements in the training of healthcare professionals proved to be a promising strategy to improve the application of protocols. This study contributes to the field of pre-hospital resuscitation by providing a comprehensive overview of the factors influencing the effectiveness of ALS protocols, highlighting the need for a multifaceted approach that combines standardization, continuous education, adequate resources, and technological innovations.Este artigo apresenta uma revisão integrativa sobre a eficácia dos protocolos de Suporte Avançado de Vida (SAV) no atendimento pré-hospitalar de parada cardiorrespiratória (PCR). A pesquisa foi conduzida através da análise de nove estudos selecionados em bases de dados eletrônicas, publicados entre 2018 e 2023. Os resultados indicam que a padronização das práticas de SAV, conforme as diretrizes da American Heart Association (AHA), aumenta significativamente as taxas de retorno da circulação espontânea (RCE) e a sobrevivência até a alta hospitalar. Além disso, a educação continuada e o treinamento regular dos profissionais de saúde são cruciais para a eficácia do atendimento pré-hospitalar. A infraestrutura adequada e a disponibilidade de recursos também são determinantes para o sucesso das intervenções de SAV. A integração de tecnologias educacionais e avanços tecnológicos na formação dos profissionais de saúde mostrou-se uma estratégia promissora para melhorar a aplicação dos protocolos. Este estudo contribui para o campo da ressuscitação pré-hospitalar ao fornecer uma visão abrangente sobre os fatores que influenciam a eficácia dos protocolos de SAV, destacando a necessidade de uma abordagem multifacetada que combine padronização, educação contínua recursos adequados e inovações tecnológicas

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora