SPORT CLUBS INTERACTION WITH THE FANS USING SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATIONS. CASE STUDY AT SCM CRAIOVA

Today, the process of communication has come to be seen all together differently to how it was viewed a few decades ago, because contemporary society has greatly changed the way people interact with each other. Communication has stretched its arms to all areas, starting with businesses, where the human relations sector is quite important, up to sport organizations in which communication with the fans is essential. Organizations in all areas have become aware of the need for communication, realizing the strategic role that communication plays in achieving goals. The communication strategy is the defining lines of the organization’s attitude and conduct in order to achieve its communication goals and thereby performance goals. The paper aims to present some theoretical aspects regarding the notions of social media and the connection between social media communications and the sports clubs, emphasizing how this connection leads to the increase of the awareness, with a practical example at the handball club SCM Craiova. REZUMAT. Interacțiunea cluburilor sportive cu fanii folosind comunicarea prin social media. Studiu de caz la SCM Craiova. Astăzi, procesul de comunicare a ajuns să fie privit în totalitate diferit față de modul în care a fost văzut în urmă cu câteva decenii, deoarece în societatea contemporană s-a schimbat foarte mult modul în care oamenii interacționează unul cu celălalt. Comunicarea și-a întins brațele în toate domeniile, pornind de la sfera afacerilor, unde sectorul relațiilor umane este destul de important, până la organizațiile sportive în care comunicarea cu fanii este esențială. Organizațiile din toate domeniile au devenit conștiente de nevoia de comunicare, realizând rolul strategic pe care îl joacă comunicarea în atingerea obiectivelor. Strategia de comunicare reprezintă liniile de definire a atitudinii și comportamentului organizației pentru a-și atinge obiectivele de comunicare și, prin urmare, obiectivele de performanță. Lucrarea urmărește prezentarea unor aspecte teoretice privind noțiunile de social media și legătura dintre comunicarea prin social media și cluburile sportive, subliniind modul în care această conexiune conduce la creșterea notorietății, prin prezentarea unui exemplu practic la clubul de handbal SCM Craiova. Cuvinte-cheie: social media, sport, marketing, Internet, comunicar

THE CONTRIBUTION OF SPORT TO ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

In contemporary social life, both ordinary people and political and cultural personalities value sport as a phenomenon with special functions in the development of the individual and through its socio-economic implications. Through its economic-financial implications such as the ever-flourishing industry of sports equipment and technology, huge amounts of money, accumulated and handled by clubs and sportsmen, advertisements, legal implications concerning national and international regulations, political implication in relationship with competition between countries, national pride, cultural implications including media, spectators, fanaticism, health implications in correlation with the obsession with the healthy body and others, it can be said that today sport is a major social phenomenon. This is valid for the developed countries, but also for the developing countries even if the agreement of opinions is not so high in this regard. In our paper we analyze the social and economic dimensions of the sport and of how it came to influence sustainable development today, as well as a presentation of the gains generated by some of the most important sporting events over time. REZUMAT. Contribuția sportului la dezvoltarea economică și socială. În prezent, atât pentru oamenii simpli, cât şi pentru personalităţile politice şi culturale, sportul este un fenomen cu caracteristici specifice care contribuie nu doar la dezvoltarea individuală, dar are şi implicaţii economice şi sociale. Prin implicaţiile sale economice şi sociale care au în vedere industriile şi tehnologiile de echipament sportiv, implicaţiile legale manifestate prin reglementările naţionale şi internaţionale, implicaţiile politice care vizează competiţiile între ţări şi mândria naţională, implicaţiile culturale care fac referire la mass-media, spectatori şi chiar fanatism, implicaţiile pentru sănătate care vizează un corp sănătos şi altele putem să afirmăm că sportul este un fenomen social major. Acest lucru este valabil atât pentru ţările dezvoltate cât şi pentru ţările în curs de dezvoltare chiar dacă există divergenţe de opinie în acest sens. În lucrarea de faţă analizăm dimensiunile economice şi sociale ale sportului, şi felul în care sportul contribuie la dezvoltarea durabilă, precum şi o prezentare a câştigurilor generate de cele mai importante evenimente sportive. Cuvinte cheie: evenimente sportive, practici sportive, efecte economice, dimensiune socială, creștere economică

CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE eSPORTS PHENOMENON

eSports (Electronics Sports or short for esports, e-sports) is the term used in multiplayer computer games competitions, most of them organized and dedicated to professional players. Nowadays, esports has become a real industry, generating profits for the hardware companies, for the event organizers, but especially for the players, who can reach record receipts from the awards given at different events around them. Esports has slowly evolved into a cultural phenomenon. Across Asia, North America and Europe, the best pro gamers are competing for a share in hundreds of thousands of dollars at each tournament, watched by thousands if not millions of people around the globe. The present paper aims to present some theoretical aspects regarding the connection between sport and society, and also the development of electronic sport in Romania. REZUMAT. Considerații cu privire la dezvoltarea fenomenului eSport. eSports (Electronics Sports sau prescurtare pentru eSports, e-sport) este termenul folosit în competițiile de jocuri pe computer multiplayer, majoritatea organizate și dedicate jucătorilor profesioniști. În zilele noastre, eSports a devenit o adevărată industrie, generând profituri pentru companiile de hardware, pentru organizatorii de evenimente, dar mai ales pentru jucători, care pot ajunge la încasări record din premiile acordate la diferite evenimente din jurul. eSportul a evoluat încet într-un fenomen cultural. În toată Asia, America de Nord și Europa, cei mai buni jucători profesioniști concurează pentru o cotă de sute de mii de dolari la fiecare turneu, urmăriți de mii, dacă nu chiar de milioane de oameni din întreaga lume. Prezenta lucrare își propune să prezinte câteva aspecte teoretice referitoare la conexiunea dintre sport și societate, precum şi dezvoltarea sportului electronic din România. Cuvinte cheie: eSport; Jocuri video profesionale; Jocuri video competitive

The Prevalence, Management and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on Medical Students’ Lives—A Multicenter Study

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is defined as the presence of painful menstruation, and it affects daily activities in different ways. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence and management of dysmenorrhea and to determine the impact of dysmenorrhea on the quality of life of medical students. Material and methods: The study conducted was prospective, analytical and observational and was performed between 7 November 2019 and 30 January 2020 in five university centers from Romania. The data was collected using an original questionnaire regarding menstrual cycles and dysmenorrhea. The information about relationships with family or friends, couples’ relationships and university activity helped to assess the effects of dysmenorrhea on quality of life. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The study comprised 1720 students in total. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 78.4%. During their menstrual period, most female students felt more agitated or nervous (72.7%), more tired (66.9%), as if they had less energy for daily activities (75.9%) and highly stressed (57.9%), with a normal diet being difficult to achieve (30.0%). University courses (49.4%), social life (34.5%), couples’ relationships (29.6%), as well as relationships with family (21.4%) and friends (15.4%) were also affected, depending on the duration and intensity of the pain. Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea has a high prevalence among medical students and could affect the quality of life of students in several ways. During their menstrual period, most female students feel as if they have less energy for daily activities and exhibit a higher level of stress. The intensity of the symptoms varies considerably and, with it, the degree of discomfort it creates. Most student use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain (75.7%). University courses, social life, couples’ relationships, as well as relationships with family and friends are affected, depending on the duration and intensity of the pain

Combinatorial MAPLE deposition of antimicrobial orthopedic maps fabricated from chitosan and biomimetic apatite powders

Chitosan/biomimetic apatite thin films were grown in mild conditions of temperature and pressure by Combinatorial Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation on Ti, Si or glass substrates. Compositional gradients were obtained by simultaneous laser vaporization of the two distinct material targets. A KrF* excimer (λ=248nm, τFWHM=25ns) laser source was used in all experiments. The nature and surface composition of deposited materials and the spatial distribution of constituents were studied by SEM, EDS, AFM, GIXRD, FTIR, micro-Raman, and XPS. The antimicrobial efficiency of the chitosan/biomimetic apatite layers against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli strains was interrogated by viable cell count assay. The obtained thin films were XRD amorphous and exhibited a morphology characteristic to the laser deposited structures composed of nanometric round shaped grains. The surface roughness has progressively increased with chitosan concentration. FTIR, EDS and XPS analyses indicated that the composition of the BmAp-CHT C-MAPLE composite films gradually modified from pure apatite to chitosan. The bioevaluation tests indicated that S. aureus biofilm is more susceptible to the action of chitosan-rich areas of the films, whilst the E. coli biofilm proved more sensible to areas containing less chitosan. The best compromise should therefore go, in our opinion, to zones with intermediate-to-high chitosan concentration which can assure a large spectrum of antimicrobial protection concomitantly with a significant enhancement of osseointegration, favored by the presence of biomimetic hydroxyapatite

Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P &lt; 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P &lt; 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat