14 research outputs found
Gasificaci贸n de biomasa para la producci贸n sostenible de energ铆a. Revisi贸n de las tecnolog铆as y barreras para su aplicaci贸n
La biomasa es un material de origen natural con alto potencialpara la obtenci贸n de combustibles, servicios y compuestosqu铆micos de alto valor a帽adido, en condiciones sustentables. Este recurso puede transformarse a trav茅s deprocesos biol贸gicos y/o termoqu铆micos seg煤n la aplicaci贸ndeseada. En la 煤ltima d茅cada se ha evidenciado un notableincremento en la producci贸n mundial de gas de s铆ntesisprocedente de la gasificaci贸n de la biomasa, esta situaci贸nse soporta en el inter茅s mostrado por las corporacionesenerg茅ticas para la obtenci贸n de combustibles alternativoscon base renovable; como son el bio-metano, FT di茅sel,etanol y el metanol. Unido a esto se desarrollan estudios defactibilidad t茅cnica y econ贸mica para la implementaci贸n desistemas de producci贸n de electricidad y calor utilizandobiomasa. Entre las alternativas tecnol贸gicas m谩s discutidasfiguran: La integraci贸n en ciclo combinado de la gasificaci贸n(GB-IGCC), la producci贸n de calor y potencia (CHP) yla integraci贸n con celdas combustibles de mediana y altatemperatura (GB-FC). El objetivo del presente art铆culo esrecopilar informaci贸n actualizada sobre la gasificaci贸n debiomasa, espec铆ficamente sobre los avances tecnol贸gicosy las aplicaciones con m谩s perspectivas de desarrollo acorto plazo y las barreras a vencer antes de su establecimientoa nivel global. Se pudo constatar que la generaci贸ndistribuida a peque帽a escala y los ciclos combinados sonopciones que potencian el establecimiento futuro de unmercado para la producci贸n sostenible de energ铆a. Un elementocr铆tico a tratar en todos los dise帽os es la presenciade sustancias indeseables en los gases de gasificaci贸n (alquitr谩n, amoniaco, material particulado, NOx)
Determinaci贸n de la calidad energ茅tica y la composici贸n del gas de s铆ntesis producido con biocombustibles. Parte II: Combustibles S贸lidos, Bagazo de ca帽a de az煤car
La termo-conversi贸n de biomasa s贸lida se ha convertido en una de las rutas con mayor potencial para la reutilizaci贸n de dicho recurso en la producci贸n sostenible de energ铆a. Este hecho toma notable importancia para los paises en v铆as de desarrollo. En el presente art铆culo se desarrolla la modelaci贸n termodin谩mica de la gasificaci贸n del bagazo de ca帽a de az煤car. Los modelos se validan con datos experimentales obtenidos a escala piloto para dos fuentes de biomasa: c谩scara de arroz y bagazo. La planta piloto de gasificaci贸n en lecho fluidizado est谩 situada en el Departamento de Energ铆a de la Universidad de Campinas(UNICAMP). De manera subsiguiente a la validaci贸n de los modelos se desarrolla un estudio param茅trico para evaluar el efecto de la relaci贸n aire/combustible (0,28-0,34) y la temperatura del aire sobre la potencia del gasificador, la composici贸n del gas de s铆ntesis, el LHV y el HHV. El exceso de aire se calcula para reducir la formaci贸n de alquitran y mantener un nivel adecuado de CH聽4 e H2 en los gases de gasificaci贸n
GIS-based site suitability analysis and ecosystem services approach for supporting renewable energy development in south-central Chile
Thermodynamic predictions of performance of a bagasse integrated gasification combined cycle under quasi-equilibrium conditions
Fast pyrolysis of raw and acid-leached sugarcane residues en route to producing chemicals and fuels : economic and environmental assessments
On the environmental and economic issues associated with the forestry residues-to-heat and electricity route in Chile : sawdust gasification as a case study
Introduction of SOFC Technology into Cuban Energy Sector: Technical and Sustainability Analysis
The feasibility of integrating a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology into the Cuban energy sector is analyzed. In this context, two scenarios for power generation are assessed: the first (existing) combines a bagasse cogeneration unit and diesel combustion engines and for the second (future), diesel engines are replaced by a SOFC feed with ethanol and integrated into the sugar factory. The environmental impact (greenhouse gases), exergy efficiency, and a renewability parameter are considered as indicators for the assessment of the studied scenarios through a multifunctional unit (9.86t/h sugar, 2.195t/h of hydrated ethanol (96% w/w) and 847kWh of electricity) approach. The SOFC scenario shows significant advantages from an environmental point of view, obtaining a reduction of 55% greenhouse emissions and 60% fossil fuel consumption. At the same time, the overall process efficiency (38%) and renewability index (0.93) are higher than for the existing scenario. Furthermore, health impacts and their corresponding external cost related to airborne emissions (primary and secondary pollutant) are estimated applying the Uniform World Model (UWM). In this sense, the results show that the use of a SOFC technology involves a reduction of health impacts in 25.76 YOLL yr-1 (12%) and external costs of 52175 US$ yr-1 (12%). The potentiality of SOFC technology implementation into Cuban energy sector is assessed using a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) approach. Nowadays, the main threat of implementation of this technology is associated to competitive energy market
Evaluation of the Water鈥揈nergy鈥揕and Nexus (WELN) Using Exergy-Based Indicators: The Chilean Electricity System Case
Introduction of SOFC Technology into Cuban Energy Sector: Technical and Sustainability Analysis
The feasibility of integrating a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology into the Cuban energy sector is analyzed. In this context, two scenarios for power generation are assessed: the first (existing) combines a bagasse cogeneration unit and diesel combustion engines and for the second (future), diesel engines are replaced by a SOFC feed with ethanol and integrated into the sugar factory. The environmental impact (greenhouse gases), exergy efficiency, and a renewability parameter are considered as indicators for the assessment of the studied scenarios through a multifunctional unit (9.86t/h sugar, 2.195t/h of hydrated ethanol (96% w/w) and 847kWh of electricity) approach. The SOFC scenario shows significant advantages from an environmental point of view, obtaining a reduction of 55% greenhouse emissions and 60% fossil fuel consumption. At the same time, the overall process efficiency (38%) and renewability index (0.93) are higher than for the existing scenario. Furthermore, health impacts and their corresponding external cost related to airborne emissions (primary and secondary pollutant) are estimated applying the Uniform World Model (UWM). In this sense, the results show that the use of a SOFC technology involves a reduction of health impacts in 25.76 YOLL yr-1 (12%) and external costs of 52175 US$ yr-1 (12%). The potentiality of SOFC technology implementation into Cuban energy sector is assessed using a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) approach. Nowadays, the main threat of implementation of this technology is associated to competitive energy market