Concerns about Cybersecurity: The Implications of the use of ICT for Citizens and Companies

The widespread use of Information and Communication Technologies - ICT substantially increases the risks related to information security. In fact, due to the increase in the number and type of cyber attacks, Cybersecurity has become a growing concern in today's society. This phenomenon affects not only individual citizens, but also companies and even State entities. Despite the numerous advantages of this "digitalisation" of society, there are several risks, ranging from identity theft, scam emails or phone calls, online fraud, offensive material and child pornography, material promoting racial hatred or religious extremism, access to online services, email account hacking, online banking fraud, cyber extortion or malicious software. In order to determine the impact that cyber attacks have on society it is necessary to understand how people and companies use ICTs, such as social networks, the information they share, their privacy concerns, or the use of electronic services such as online payments or the cloud. This study becomes central not only to try to prevent/minimise risks, showing what has been done in this area, but more importantly, the way forward to try to prevent or minimise possible risks in the future.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Modelo de Maturidade para a Gestão dos Sistemas de Informação Hospitalares

Neste projeto de doutoramento, foi desenvolvido um Modelo de Maturidade abrangente denominado HISMM (Hospital Information System Maturity Model), que incorpora os principais Fatores de Influência dos Sistemas de Informação Hospitalares (SIH). A conceção do HISMM, seguiu duas abordagens metodológicas, nomeadamente a Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL) e o Design Science Reserach (DSR). Numa primeira fase, realizou-se uma abrangente RSL. Posteriormente, foi realizado um inquérito por questionário que contou com a participação de vários especialistas de STI da área da saúde, e que possibilitou a conceção de uma primeira versão do Modelo. Finalmente, na perspetiva de validar o Modelo inicialmente proposto, foram encetadas entrevistas a um conjunto restrito de importantes Gestores de SIH Portugueses

THE USE OF ICT IN TODAY'S SOCIETY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CITIZENS AND BUSINESSES: SECURITY RISKS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE PORTUGUESE POPULATION

nformation and Communication Technologies (ICT) have assumed a key role in today's society. In fact, we are witnessing an increasingly widespread use of the Internet, a trend seen both at the level of individual citizens and companies, which more and more use these new technologies to promote their products and services. The state entities themselves are also dependent on ICT, due to a digitalisation of public services. In order to determine the impact that the dissemination of ICT can have on society, it is necessary to understand how people and businesses use the internet, namely the information they share or the use of e-commerce. This study frames Portugal's situation in the global context, making it pivotal in order to prevent/minimize risks, showing the habits of people and companies and, more importantly, the trends that can be seen. It can help chart the path to follow in order to prevent cyberattacks and, with this, ensure people's quality of life, which can be greatly affected by cyber risks

Analytical Hierarchy Process for Risk Management in the Stabilized Flight Approach - Expert Judgment

Destabilised approaches have been the primary cause of fatal accidents during the approach and landing phase, as stated in (Airbus, 2023). The stabilised approach concept is of great importance for the safe operation of an airline during the approach and landing phases (Acarbay & Kiyak, 2020). The elements highlighted in the approach phases are the runway's dry or contaminated condition and length. In the crew, we analyse their competence, recurrence, and fatigue. Another variable is the type of approach, whether it is precision, non-precision or visual. The external conditions of the aerodrome include obstacles, wind, and wildlife—the type of aircraft, whether light, medium or heavy. Due to the large amount of qualitative information derived from the pilots' experience about risk management in the approach and landing phases, this paper proposes an Analytic Hierarchy Process model (AHP) for threat characterisation and risk analysis to achieve a stabilised approach. The results show that AHP proposed model establishes a new methodology for identifying potential in-flight risks to air operations based on expert criteria, improving the decisions to land at an alternate airport based on qualitative information from expert pilots in the risk management field.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Fuzzy electre model for the characterisation of aeronautical operational risks in the approach and landing phase

One of the significant challenges facing the aviation sector is the management of risks arising from its flight operations, especially in the approach and landing phases, where pilot experience and training are of great importance and where the most significant incidents for air safety occur. Therefore, this paper proposes a model inspired by the structure of a Fuzzy ELECTRE model for managing the operational risks that arise in the approach and landing phases that can lead to safety events. Thanks to the analysis of the literature collected, the management criteria and risk parameters to be taken into account for these two flight phases were shown following air safety manuals such as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) manual, and where the data obtained was obtained qualitatively thanks to the implementation of surveys with expert pilots, whose information served as the primary input for the characterisation of risks. Following the structure of the proposed model, five (5) reference risk scenarios management were constructed using the previous information, and an analysis of the dominance and discrepancy of a risk scenario vs. the previously established reference scenarios was carried out. Finally, it can be concluded that the proposed model allowed the quantitative-qualitative characterisation for managing the most relevant risks in the approach and landing phases, integrating the expertise of experts in this area.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Yield, bolting and leaf blight in carrots grown under organic and conventional conditions

Quatro ensaios foram implantados no verão para avaliar a produtividade, o florescimento prematuro e a queima-das-folhas em genótipos de cenoura conduzidos em sistema orgânico e convencional. Os ensaios foram instalados em Brazlândia e na Embrapa Hortaliças. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso, com oito tratamentos (genótipos Alvorada, Brasília RL, Brasília Bionatur, Kuronan, Nantes 3 Tip Top, Carandaí AG 106, Brazlândia e Pop. 0212246) e cinco repetições. Os nutrientes foram incorporados ao solo através de composto orgânico, no sistema orgânico e, fertilizantes químicos, no sistema convencional. Aos 70 dias da semeadura as plantas foram avaliadas no campo para incidência de doenças. Foi também identificada a prevalência de patógenos. A colheita foi realizada 95 dias após a semeadura. O florescimento prematuro foi mais freqüente no genótipo Brasília Bionatur, no sistema convencional, em Brazlândia. Foi observada diferença entre genótipos para queima-das-folhas nos dois sistemas. Nantes foi a mais suscetível, enquanto a Pop. 0212246 foi uma das mais resistentes nos dois sistemas de cultivo. Alternaria dauci prevaleceu em Brazlândia, enquanto Cercospora carotae foi observado em ambas as localidades, no sistema orgânico. Quanto à produção comercial e total os genótipos Pop. 0212246 e Brazlândia estiveram entre os mais produtivos, independente do sistema de cultivo. Para produtividade comercial e total, número e peso de raízes refugadas o sistema convencional apresentou resultados superiores ao orgânico. As cultivares Brasília RL, Brazlândia e a Pop. 0212246 podem ser recomendadas para plantio no período de verão, no DF, independente do sistema de cultivo. A Pop. 0212246 apresenta características agronômicas desejadas pelo mercado e poderá futuramente ser disponibilizada para produtores da região. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTFour experiments were carried out with carrots genotypes during summer season in Distrito Federal, Brazil, to evaluate yield, bolting and leaf blight under organic and conventional conditions. The experiments were carried out in two locations and in each one two experiments were established, considering both crop systems. The experimental design was a random block with eight treatments and five replicates. The treatments consisted of the cvs. Alvorada, Brasília RL, Brasília Bionatur, Kuronan, Nantes 3 Tip Top, Carandaí AG 106, Brazlândia and Pop. 0212246. The soil was fertilized with organic compost for the organic trial and with chemical fertilizer for the conventional trial. Plants were evaluated for leaf blight incidence, 70 days after sowing date, through visual observation. Roots were harvested 95 days after sowing, washed, classified and weighted. Bolting was more frequent in Brasília Bionatur, under conventional condition, in Brazlândia. A difference of susceptibility to leaf blight among genotypes was observed in plants cultivated in the organic system. Nantes was the most susceptible while Pop. 0212246 was the most resistant. Alternaria dauci was observed more frequently at Brazlândia, while Cercospora carotae was observed at both locations, similarly, under organic conditions. For commercial and total yield, commercial and total root number, Pop. 0212246 and Brazlândia were the best materials in both crop systems. Total and commercial yield, total and commercial root number, number and weight of refused roots were higher in the conventional area, compared to the organic area. Brasília and Brazlândia can be recommended for Distrito Federal, independently of crop system, during summer season. Pop. 0212246 showed desirable agronomical characteristics and can be, in the future, available for farmers in Distrito Federal

Burnout levels among Portuguese family doctors: a nationwide survey

AIM: To characterise the prevalence of burnout syndrome in a sample of family doctors (FDs) working in the Portuguese National Health System. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Primary healthcare centres from the 18 continental districts and two archipelagos of Portugal. METHOD: The Portuguese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was sent to 40 randomly selected healthcare centres and distributed to the FDs employed. Socio-demographic and work-related data were also collected. Participants were classified as having high, average or low levels of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA) dimensions of burnout. RESULTS: 371 questionnaires were sent, of which 153 (83 women, age range 29-64 years; response rate 41%) returned. One-quarter (25.3%, 95% CI 18.6% to 33.1%) of FDs scored high for EE, 16.2% (10.7% to 23.2%) for DP and 16.7% (11.1% to 23.6%) for lack of PA. On multivariate analysis, being married, of older age, having many years of practice or working in a personalised healthcare unit tended to be associated with increased burnout components. Men tended to present higher EE and DP but lower lack of PA than women. Finally, the prevalence (95% CI) of burnout ranged between 4.1% (1.5% to 8.6%) and 32.4% (25.0% to 40.6%), depending on the definition used. CONCLUSIONS: High burnout is relatively common among Portuguese FDs. Burnout relief measures should be developed in order to prevent a further increase of burnout syndrome among Portuguese FDs

Influential Factors for Hospital Management Maturity Models in a post-Covid-19 scenario - Systematic Literature Review

The importance of Maturity Models in the health area was proven to support, monitor and direct health organizations to better plan and execute to their investments and developments. In this work, two reviews of the literature were collected: one of them focuses on identifying the main maturity models developed in the health area, the similarities, and gaps between them, identifying which are the Influencing Factors and, the other one, is to identify the lessons learned during the Covid-19 pandemic. In a pandemic scenario, the health sectors demonstrated the importance of the resilience, in which health systems had to adapt abruptly, considering physical structures; professional management; patient safety; supply chain and; technologies. Technologies, played an essential role to mitigating the pressure that health systems faced due to the increase in health costs, growth of chronic diseases, population aging, population’s expectation for more personalized health and, added to that, the confrontation of Covid-19 pandemic. In this sense, we identified the lack of maturity models that address the adversities that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic in health systems for better hospital management and avoid the pressure to which they could be subjected again.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The impact of perioperative data science in hospital knowledge management

Conservative practices, such as manual registry have limited scope regarding preoperative, intraoperative and post operative decision making, knowledge discovery, analytical techniques and knowledge integration into patient care. To maximize quality and value, perioperative care is changing through new technological developments. In this context, knowledge management practices will enable future transformation and enhancements in healthcare services. By performing a data science and knowledge management research in the perioperative department at Hospital Dr. Nélio Mendonça between 2013 and 2015, this paper describes its principal results. This study showed perioperative decision-making improvement by integrating data science tools on the perioperative electronic system (PES). Before the PES implementation only 1,2% of the nurses registered the preoperative visit and after 87,6% registered it. Regarding the patient features it was possible to assess anxiety and pain levels. A future conceptual model for perioperative decision support systems grounded on data science should be considered as a knowledge management tool.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio