Ideologia familiar tradicional e mulheres gestoras na área do turismo

This study analyzes the influence of the family context and the traditional family ideology on women managers' construction as mothers and as economically active beings in the Portuguese tourism sector. Twenty-four female Portuguese senior managers in hotels and travel businesses were interviewed. Some women acknowledged the existence of a `motherhood penalty'. Still, most wanted to have both a family and a career. Practically all interviewees combined several childcare solutions. Despite these arrrangements, many experienced work-family conflicts. The study indicates both signals of advancements in gender equality and deep inequalities in a Portuguese context.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Building a sucessful team: strategic management and group dynamics

Although theoretical knowledge is essential, it is still not enough to be an effective manager. This thesis explores the Business in Practice (BiP) simulation conducted at Nova SBE, which was a practical, immersive experience. The first section is a reflection highlighting the personal growth and self-knowledge acquired through this activity. It will focus on what I did and how I reacted to certain situations using the Gibbs Reflective Cycle. The second section will focus on how the team performed by analyzing the Innovation, Human Resources and Operations departments of the firm

Un-factorize non-food NPS on a food-based retailer

Dissertação de mestrado em Estatística para Ciência de DadosO Net Promoter Score (NPS) é uma métrica muito utilizada para medir o nível de lealdade dos consumidores. Neste sentido, esta dissertação pretende desenvolver um modelo de classificação que permita identificar a classe do NPS dos consumidores, ou seja, classificar o consumidor como Detrator, Passivo ou Promotor, assim como perceber os fatores que têm maior impacto nessa classificação. A informação recolhida permitirá à organização ter uma melhor percepção das áreas a melhorar de forma a elevar a satisfação do consumidor. Para tal, propõe-se uma abordagem de Data Mining para o problema de classificação multiclasse. A abordagem utiliza dados de um inquérito e dados transacionais do cartão de fidelização de um retalhista, que formam o conjunto de dados a partir dos quais se consegue obter informações sobre as pontuações do Net Promoter Score (NPS), o comportamento dos consumidores e informações das lojas. Inicialmente é feita uma análise exploratória dos dados extraídos. Uma vez que as classes são desbalanceadas, várias técnicas de reamostragem são aplicadas para equilibrar as mesmas. São aplicados dois algoritmos de classificação: Árvores de Decisão e Random Forests. Os resultados obtidos revelam um mau desempenho dos modelos. Uma análise de erro é feita ao último modelo, onde se conclui que este tem dificuldade em distinguir os Detratores e os Passivos, mas tem um bom desempenho a prever os Promotores. Numa ótica de negócio, esta metodologia pode ser utilizada para fazer uma distinção entre os Promotores e o resto dos consumidores, uma vez que os Promotores são a segmentação de clientes mais prováveis de beneficiar o mesmo a longo prazo, ajudando a promover a organização e atraíndo novos consumidores.More and more companies realise that understanding their customers can be a way to improve customer satisfaction and, consequently, customer loyalty, which in turn can result in an increase in sales. The NPS has been widely adopted by managers as a measure of customer loyalty and predictor of sales growth. In this regard, this dissertation aims to create a classification model focused not only in identi fying the customer’s NPS class, namely, classify the customer as Detractor, Passive or Promoter, but also in understanding which factors have the most impact on the customer’s classification. The goal in doing so is to collect relevant business insights as a way to identify areas that can help to improve customer satisfaction. We propose a Data Mining approach to the NPS multi-class classification problem. Our ap proach leverages survey data, as well as transactional data collected through a retailer’s loyalty card, building a data set from which we can extract information, such as NPS ratings, customer behaviour and store details. Initially, an exploratory analysis is done on the data. Several resam pling techniques are applied to the data set to handle class imbalance. Two different machine learning algorithms are applied: Decision Trees and Random Forests. The results did not show a good model’s performance. An error analysis was then performed in the later model, where it was concluded that the classifier has difficulty distinguishing the classes Detractors and Passives, but has a good performance when predicting the class Promoters. In a business sense, this methodology can be leveraged to distinguish the Promoters from the rest of the consumers, since the Promoters are more likely to provide good value in long term and can benefit the company by spreading the word for attracting new customers

Marketing communication trends in sport organisations : case study : Futebol Clube do Porto, Sporting Clube de Portugal, Sport Lisboa e Benfica, Manchester United and Real Madrid

Marketing communication environment has changed in the last two decades, new technologies are challenging traditional media. Communication is now dominated by the internet. Sports organisations begin to understand the opportunities that arise with web 2.0 and are demonstrating great involvement on online communities, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, etc. Social networking sites (SNS) have become a key platform for brands to communicate with consumers. They became the most powerful tools for brands to engage and interact with consumers to create long lasting relationships. Sports are normally characterised by a high degree of consumer commitment and the football clubs are the sports with most followers/viewers in the world. SNS give clubs the possibility to establish a more direct, a two way relationship with their fans. The emerging of new communication tools facilitate this process. Mobile marketing is one of the growing trends in sports industry and is still not explored to its full potential. Mobile devices, now-a-days, are very sophisticated and have a lot of functionalities which can come as a competitive advantage, if explored fully. For this study we used a case study strategy where we analyse five football clubs, namely Futebol Clube do Porto, Real Madrid, Manchester United, Sport Lisboa e Benfica and Sporting Clube de Portugal. We conducted a benchmark of the Facebook page, Instagram and mobile apps of these five clubs to understand how sports organisations are communicating with their fans and followers on SNS. Results show that sports brands are very active online, they try to be present in the day to day of their fans. They try to diverse the content they post and try to capture the consumers attentions. Most of the football clubs are present in all the SNS and most of them have mobile apps. Further research should investigate if the content posted online and if the mobile apps measure up to the consumers expectations

Između društvenih potreba i čuvanja baštine: primjeri solidarnosti i suradnje u vrijeme Covid-19 krize: portugalska studija

Purpose. This article aims to analyze some examples of solidarity and cooperation between Portuguese cultural institutions, enterprises, artists, workers, volunteers, and local communities during the Covid-19 crisis. The research will focus on the years 2020 and 2021. Approach/methodology. Our approach to the subject matter encompasses four main components. One is an in-text glossary to clarify a few concepts in view of national legislation. The second is a brief contextualization of the evolution of the pandemic at an (inter)national level. The third one is a description of how cultural institutions, heritage sites, and professionals were affected by the widespread virus. And the fourth one is the analysis of five case studies of actions of solidarity and cooperation within the cultural field. Findings. Thanks to our research, we distinguish the negative impacts of Covid-19 from pre-existent problems in the sector. We have also found that some initiatives created to support cultural heritage may be questionable. Since the sanitary crisis is not over yet, the research is limited to the current state of knowledge. Future exploration on the matter may be relevant to find new case studies and consequences of the pandemic. We believe this article can have a social impact since it promotes a reflection on the economic sustainability, social engagement, and ethical responsibilities of cultural institutions and stakeholders. Besides, the discussion about the vulnerable conditions in which cultural workers found themselves during this crisis is of utmost urgency to design a better future for the sector and those who keep it running. Originality. The originality of our study lies in the registration of creative strategies found to counteract the outcomes of the pandemic, which may be inspiring in future times of emergency.Cilj. Ovaj rad donosi analizu primjera solidarnosti i suradnje između portugalskih ustanova u kulturi, poduzeća, umjetnika, radnika, volontera i lokalnih zajednica za vrijeme Covid-19 krize. Istraživanje se provodilo tijekom 2020. i 2021.Pristup/metodologija. Ovoj temi pristupamo iz četiri gledišta. Prvo, provodimo analizu korištenih pojmova kako bi se razjasnili koncepti iz perspektive portugalskog zakonodavst-va. Drugo, kontekstualiziramo razvoj pandemije na nacionalnim i međunarodnim razinama. Treće, opisujemo kakav je utjecaj imao virus na poslovanje ustanova u kulturi, zaštićenih baštinskih lokaliteta te baštinskih stručnjaka. Četvrto, donosimo analizu pet studija slučaja koji prikazuju solidarne aktivnosti i suradnje u polju kulture. Rezultati. Istraživanje je ustanovilo negativne utjecaje Covid-19 krize na već postojeće probleme u sektoru. Također smo ukazali na to da su neke inicijative, stvorene kako bi podržale kulturnu baštinu, zapravo upitne. Budući da nije proglašen kraj pandemije, istraživanje je bilo ograničeno na trenutačno stanje u sektoru kulture u Portugalu. Buduća istraživanja mogla bi pokazati, s pomoću novih studija slučaja, kakve su posljedice pandemije. Ovim radom donosi se refleksija na ekonomsku održivost, društveni angažman i etičku odgovornost ustanova u kulturi i drugih dionika. Osim toga, rasprava o ranjivim stanjima u kojima su se našli radnici u kulturi za vrijeme krize apsolutno je neophodna kako bi se planirala bolja budućnost i za sam sektor i za one koji ga pokreću. Originalnost. Originalnost je rada u pronalasku kreativnih strategija koje neutraliziraju ishode pandemije, a koje ujedno mogu poslužiti kao inspiracija za buduća krizna razdoblja

Equity Valuation : Arezzo&Co

Arezzo&Co is a Brazilian company, among the leaders in the women footwear retail market in Latin America. It designs and develops affordable luxury shoes and accessories under the brand names Arezzo, Schutz, Anacapri and Alexandre Birman. The company operates a very flexible business model, in which all shoes and accessories are designed internally, but its production can be either handled internally or outsourced to third-party manufacturers. Similarly, its sales strategy is based on a combination of owned, franchised and multi-brand stores, as well as a recently developed e-commerce platform. This flexible business model allows the company to determine the most profitable combination of the above factors, without losing control over its brands, product design and quality, while generating high returns on invested capital. Arezzo&Co benefits from Brazil’s dynamic consumption market, in which branded products assume a greater importance as Brazilians move up the income ladder. Despite the recent economic slowdown, the prospects for the domestic retail sector remain strong. Based on a 5-year DCF valuation, it is estimated a price target of R$ 30.0 per share for Arezzo&Co. At current values, this price target implies a 6.1% upside, which results in a HOLD recommendation

Contributions to flow techniques and mass spectrometry in water analysis

In this thesis, the use of different flow systems was exploited along with the use of different detection techniques for the development of simple, robust, and automated analytical procedures. With the purpose to perform in-line sample handling and pretreatment operations, different separation units were used. The main target for these methods was waters samples. The first procedure was based on a sequential injection analysis (SIA) system for carbon speciation (alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and CO2) in bathing waters. The determination of alkalinity was based on the reaction with acetic acid and corresponding color change of bromcresol green (λ = 620 nm). The DIC, DOC, and CO2 determination was based in the color change of bromothymol blue (BTB) indicator (λ = 660 nm) after the diffusion of the gaseous CO2 through a hydrophobic membrane in a gas diffusion unit (GDU). For the DIC determination, an in-line acidification prior to the GDU was needed. For DOC determination, an in-line UV photo-oxidation of the sample was performed to convert all carbon forms to CO2. A multi-reflective flow cell combined with a LED was used as detection system enabling the minimization of the schlieren effect. The developed method was successfully applied to inland bathing waters. The results were in agreement with the reference procedure. The objective of the second work was the use of a SIA system to determine iodide using potentiometric determination and iodate using a spectrophotometric detection. Aiming to overcome the matrix interferences and cope with low analyte concentration levels, the standard addition method was used. The incorporation of a mixing chamber in a lateral port of the selection valve for a flow-batch approach enhanced the mixture between sample, standards and reagent. The accuracy of the method was assessed by comparing the obtained results with a reference procedure and using recovery tests. The developed method was effectively applied to bathing waters and seaweed extracts. The development of a multi-parametric system for cadmium and lead determination was the objective of the third work of this thesis. A SI-LOV method with spectrophotometric detection was used. Dithizone was chosen as the colour reagent as it forms a coloured complex with both metals at different pH conditions. Cadmium determination was attained at alkaline conditions while lead determination was attained at mid alkaline conditions. The developed method was successfully applied to marine port waters and the results were in agreement with the reference procedure. Subsequently, a solid phase spectrophotometry method was developed for cadmium, zinc, and copper determination in freshwaters. The NTA resin was retained at the flow cell of the SI-LOV. After analyte retention, the determination was based on the colorimetric reaction between the metal ions and dithizone. Different retention and reaction pH were used to individually determine zinc and copper. Cadmium concentration was calculated using a two equation system. The results obtained were in agreement with the reference procedure. Afterwards, a flow injection analysis system was developed for the determination of bromate in drinking waters. With the goal of reaching low levels of bromate, a LWCC was coupled to the system. The spectrophotometric determination was based on the oxidation of chlorpromazine by bromate in an acidic medium, resulting in the formation of a coloured radical product. The accuracy of the developed method was assessed with recovery studies. The objective of the sixth work was to develop a cheaper and simpler method to monitor the biodegradation of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. A monolithic column was coupled to a flow injection analysis (FIA) system to separate both analytes. A spectrophotometer was used as detection system (295 and 275 nm). The method was successfully applied to monitor the biodegradation of both compounds by the strain Labrys portucalensis F11. Subsequently, a new MS-based noncovalent binding determination method was developed. For that purpose, a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was used as a flow injection device for exponential dilution of an equimolar host-guest solution over time. By combining an exponential dilution model with a previously established equimolar binding model, binding constants for host-guest complexes were determined with a single injection. This methodology was applied for the determination of binding constants between vancomycin and Ac-Lys(Ac)-Ala-Ala tripeptide stereoisomers. The determination of anionic surfactants using an ESI-MS/MS method was the objective of the eighth work. Different di-positive cationic reagents were studied using Scan, SIM and MS/MS methods and the obtained detection limits (DLs) were compared. The developed method was effectively applied for the determination of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, perfluorooctanoic acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, stearic acid and dodecylbenzenesulfonate in different water samples. The ninth work consisted in the rapid identification of bacteria in potentially contaminated water using MALDI-TOF MS. The possible application of the identified bacteria to bioremediation was evaluated by determining their ability to degrade toluene and chloroform.Nesta tese utilizaram-se diferentes técnicas de fluxo e detectores para o desenvolvimento de procedimentos analíticos mais simples, robustos e automatizados. Com o objectivo de manusear, transportar e tratar as amostras, utilizaram-se diferentes unidades de separação. O primeiro procedimento baseou-se no uso de um sistema de análise por injecção sequencial (SIA) para a especiação de carbono. A determinação da alcalinidade foi realizada por reacção com ácido acético em que se monitorizou a mudança de cor do verde de bromocresol a 620 nm. A determinação de carbono inorgânico e orgânico dissolvido e CO2 foi baseada na mudança de cor (λ = 660 nm) do indicador azul de bromotimol após difusão de CO2 na forma gasosa através de uma membrana hidrofóbica numa unidade de difusão de gás. Para conversão de carbono inorgânico e orgânico dissolvido em CO2, a amostra foi acidificada ou foto-oxidada em linha, respectivamente. Como detector, utilizou-se uma célula de fluxo multi-reflectora combinada com um LED para minimizar o índice de refracção. O método desenvolvido foi aplicado a águas balneares de interior e os resultados obtidos estavam de acordo com o método de referência. O objectivo do segundo trabalho foi determinar o anião iodeto com detecção potenciométrica e o anião iodato com detecção espectrofotométrica, num sistema SIA. Utilizou-se o método de adição com o objectivo de superar as interferências de matriz e os baixos níveis de concentração do analito. De forma a melhorar a mistura, utilizou-se uma câmara de mistura acoplada a uma porta lateral da válvula de selecção. A exactidão do método foi avaliada comparando os resultados obtidos com os do método de referência e realizando testes de recuperação. O método desenvolvido foi eficazmente aplicado a amostras de águas balneares e extractos de algas. O desenvolvimento de um sistema biparamétrico para a determinação de cádmio e chumbo foi o objectivo do terceiro trabalho. Foi utilizada uma metodologia de análise por injecção sequencial Lab-on-valve (SI-LOV) com detecção espectrofotométrica. Escolheu-se o reagente ditizona visto que forma complexos corados com ambos os metais a diferentes valores de pH. A determinação de cádmio foi realizada em condições alcalinas e a determinação de chumbo foi realizada em condições semi-alcalinas. O método desenvolvido foi aplicado com sucesso a amostras de água de um porto e os resultados obtidos estavam de acordo com o método de referência. Subsequentemente desenvolveu-se um método de espectrofotometria em fase sólida para a determinação de cádmio, zinco e cobre em águas naturais. A determinação foi baseada na reacção colorimétrica da ditizona com os metais, após estes terem sido imobilizados na resina NTA, previamente retida na célula de fluxo do SI-LOV. Para a determinação individual de zinco e cobre foram utilizados diferentes valores de pH para imobilização e reacção. A concentração de cádmio foi calculada utilizando um sistema de duas equações. Os resultados obtidos estavam de acordo com o método de referência. Um sistema FIA foi desenvolvido para a determinação de bromato em amostras de água mineral. Uma célula de fluxo de percurso óptico longo foi acoplada ao sistema de fluxo com o objectivo de determinar os baixos níveis de bromato. A determinação espectrofotométrica foi baseada na oxidação, em meio ácido, da clorpromazina pelo bromato, resultando na formação de um produto radical corado. A exactidão do método foi determinada realizando testes de recuperação. O objectivo do sexto trabalho consistiu no desenvolvimento de um método mais simples para monitorizar a biodegradação de ciprofloxacina e ofloxacina. Acoplou-se uma coluna monolítica a um sistema de análise por injecção em fluxo (FIA) para separar ambos os analitos. Como detector, utilizou-se um espectrofotómetro (295 e 275 nm). O método desenvolvido permitiu monitorizar a biodegradação dos dois compostos pela estirpe Labrys portucalensis F11. De seguida, desenvolveu-se um novo método baseado em espectrometria de massa para a determinação de ligações não-covalentes. Nesse sentido, utilizou-se um reactor contínuo de tanque agitado para obter uma diluição exponencial ao longo do tempo da solução equimolar de hospedeiro:hóspede. As constantes de associação dos complexos foram determinadas com apenas uma injecção e combinando um modelo de diluição exponencial com um modelo de associação equimolar, previamente estabelecido. O método foi aplicado à determinação de constantes de associação entre a vancomicina e estereoisómeros do tripéptido Ac-Lys(Ac)-Ala-Ala. A determinação de tensioactivos aniónicos utilizando espectrometria de massa em tandem foi o objectivo do oitavo trabalho. O estudo de diferentes reagentes catiónicos foi realizado utilizando os métodos Scan, SIM e MS/MS e os respectivos limites de detecção foram comparados. O método desenvolvido foi eficazmente aplicado à determinação de ácido perfluoro-octanossulfónico, ácido perfluoro-octanoico, dodecil sulfato de sódio, ácido esteárico e dodecilbenzenossulfonato de sódio em diferentes amostras de água. O último trabalho consistiu na utilização de MALDI-TOF MS para a rápida identificação de microrganismos em águas potencialmente contaminadas. A capacidade de degradação de tolueno e clorofórmio pelos microrganismos identificados foi avaliada para possível aplicação na biorremediação

Interactive game for the training of portuguese vowels

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 200

What is the impact of the access to external finance on the capital structure of SMEs in Europe?

Previous literature has focused on firms’ characteristics to explain changes in capital structure choices. Nevertheless, external capital availability is also an important factor when determining the amount of leverage. Exploring this idea, and using the Survey on Access to Finance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SAFE) as our database, this dissertation examines how the access to external finance impacts changes in the capital structure of SMEs in Europe. The empirical results using a probit model suggest that (i) improvements in firms’ own capital and credit history lead to decreases and increases in leverage levels, respectively, when considering demand conditions. When focusing on supply factors (ii) increases in fees and commissions lead to decreases in leverage, while increases in loan size and loan maturity increase firms’ leverage. Financial constraints have also been analyzed. Considering the failure in external finance applications as a constraint, (i) improvements in own capital have a significant negative impact on unconstrained firms’ leverage, while (ii) increases in loan size and loan maturity has a major positive impact on constrained firms’ leverage.A literatura já existente tem-se focado nas características das empresas para explicar as mudanças na escolha da estrutura de capital. Contudo, a disponibilidade do financiamento externo é também um fator importante ao determinar o montante de dívida que a empresa vai contrair. Tendo com consideração este facto, e utilizando o questionário relativo ao acesso ao financiamento de Pequenas e Médias Empresas (SAFE) como base de dados, esta dissertação analisa como o acesso ao financiamento externo influencia as alterações na estrutura de capital das Pequenas e Médias Empresas na Europa. Os resultados empíricos, utilizando um modelo probit indicam que, ao considerar as condições de procura, (i) melhorias no capital próprio e no historial de crédito das empresas levam a diminuições e aumentos no nível da divida, respetivamente. Ao analisar os fatores de oferta, (ii) aumentos das taxas e comissões levam a diminuições no nível da dívida, enquanto aumentos na dimensão e maturidade do empréstimo aumentam o nível de dívida. Restrições financeiras foram igualmente analisadas. Tendo em consideração o insucesso na candidatura ao financiamento externo como uma restrição, (i) melhorias no capital próprio têm um impacto negativo na dívida das empresas sem restrições financeiras, enquanto (ii) aumentos na dimensão e aumento dos empréstimos têm um impacto positivo superior no nível de dívida das empresas restringidas financeiramente