Child penalties on single mother’s labour market outcomes: evidence from the United Kingdom

Treballs Finals del Màster d'Economia, Facultat d'Economia i Empresa, Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2023-2024, Tutor: Jenifer Ruiz-Valenzuela ; Sara AyllónWhat are the mechanisms underlying the child penalty? Is it a result of gendered roles, with women primarily focusing on domestic responsibilities and men engaging in the labour market? If so, how does this dynamic change when one single individual must assume both the provider and caregiver roles? This study aims to fill a gap in existing literature on gender equality by examining the impact of having a first child on the labour market outcomes of single mothers. Taking an event study approach and using the British Household Panel Survey (1991-2009), this study sheds light on the intricate relationship between fertility and gender inequality by exploring the different dynamics of the child penalty for single and partnered mothers in the United Kingdom. In doing so, it contributes to a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by mothers in achieving gender equality in the labour market. The findings indicate that the birth of their first child appears to generate a lasting gender gap in earnings for both groups of mothers, driven by the effect on hours of work, employment rates, and wage rates. However, contrary to initial predictions, there are no statistically significant differences in the way single and partnered mothers’ labour market outcomes are affected by the arrival of their first child. While partnered mothers encounter a long-term child penalty on earnings amounting to 49% and single mothers face a penalty of 37%, the difference between these two groups is not statistically significant

The impact of births on single parent’s earnings: Evidence from Spain

Treballs Finals del Màster d'Economia Laboral / Labour Economics, Facultat d'Economia i Empresa, Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2021-2022. Tutor: Sara AyllónTaking an event study approach with data from the 2019 Continuous Sample of Working Histories, I study the impact of having a child on single parent’s annual earnings. The main finding is that, although these individuals do not have a partner whom they can share responsibilities with, after the birth of the first child, women’s annual earnings fall, while men’s are unaffected, same as what the literature had found for families with both parents. When the analysis is split by educational level, I find that the birth of the first child has no statistically significant effect on annual earnings of college-educated single-mothers, while it has a negative impact for non-college-educated single mothers. The picture is the opposite for single fathers: annual earnings of highly-educated single fathers are negatively affected by the birth of their first child

How Can You Use Positive Behavior Support to Effectively Implement Multi-Tiered System of Supports?

Research shows that there is a direct correlation between behavior and student achievement. In order to meet student needs and show significant learning gains, both a positive behavior support plan and a well-established multi-tier system of supports must be in place. This presentation will provide you with a support plan for MTSS and PBS at the elementary level

Biblioteca histórica taurina : recopilación de datos de cuantos matadores de toros y novillos han visto la luz en Madrid y su provincia y han actuado como tales espadas en la plaza de Madrid

Copia digital. Valladolid : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 201

El impacto lingüístico de la migración transnacional y la migración de retorno en, desde y hacia el espacio iberorrománico [Reseña]

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La casa es una gran cuna

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