Hábitos de estudio y comprensión lectora en estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria de la I.E.P Johanes Gutenberg de Lima Metropolitana, 2013

La presente investigación titulada “Hábitos de estudio y comprensión lectora en estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria de la I.E.P Johanes Gutenberg de Lima Metropolitana, 2013”. Tiene como problema ¿Qué relación existe entre los hábitos de estudio y la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria de la I.E.P Johanes Gutenberg de Lima Metropolitana, 2013? Cuyo objetivo fue determinar la relación entre los hábitos de estudio y la comprensión lectora en los estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria como un aporte al análisis, descripción y explicación de las interacciones que se fomenta entre las dos variables. El estudio realizado fue de tipo básico, descriptivo nivel correlacional, con diseño no experimental, de corte transversal. El método de la presente investigación es hipotético deductivo. La población de la investigación está constituida por 166 estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria de la I.E.P Johanes Gutenberg de Lima Metropolitana. La muestra representativa es de 116 estudiantes entre 12 a 14 años de edad. El muestreo es probabilístico, aleatorio simple. Para recoger los datos se usó instrumentos estandarizados, el inventario de hábitos de estudio de Vicuña Peri y el cuestionario de comprensión de lectura del Minedu dirigidos a estudiantes del primer grado de secundaria, además se efectuó la validación de instrumentos como una forma de fiabilidad de rigor científico del estudio. Los datos obtenidos en la presente investigación, indican que se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación moderada y directa entre los hábitos de estudio y la comprensión lectora (coeficiente de correlación de Spearman = 0.448). Por lo cual, se puede afirmar que existe relación significativa entre los hábitos de estudio y la comprensión lectora (p=0.001). Aceptando así la hipótesis del investigador y rechazando la hipótesis nula. Por ello, se recomienda promover, difundir y aplicar los hábitos de estudio para optimizar la comprensión lectora en los procesos de desarrollo educativo

Impacto de la regulación del impuesto según DL.1471 en la recaudación tributaria del impuesto a la renta de tercera categoría, dentro del estado de emergencia

Bajo la coyuntura frente a la pandemia, se emitió el Decreto Legislativo N°1471 que abarca dos regímenes tributarios que contribuyen en mayor proporción, y los cuales realizan pagos a cuenta del impuesto a la renta (IR): régimen MYPE tributario (RMT) y el régimen general (RG); de allí que, este estudio tiene como propósito analizar impacto de la regulación del impuesto según DL.1471 en la recaudación tributaria del impuesto a la renta de tercera categoría (IRT), dentro del estado de emergencia. El tipo de estudio es cuantitativo-descriptivo, de diseño no experimental de corte transversal, se analizó la información obtenida de reportes tributarios de recaudación tanto del IRT como de los pagos a cuenta del RMT y RG de los periodos abril, mayo, junio y julio, 2017-2020. Los resultados reflejan una variación porcentual negativa en cuanto a la recaudación de los pagos a cuenta del año 2020, a diferencia de los periodos 2017-2019, puesto que tenía una tendencia creciente; incidiendo de tal manera en la recaudación el IRT; de la misma manera se refleja una variación significativamente negativa en los diferentes sectores económicos. Por tanto, el estudio brinda un análisis de la recaudación de los pagos cuenta del IR por los periodos 2017-2020 y su impacto en la recaudación del IRT.LIMAEscuela Profesional de ContabilidadTributo

Propuesta Estratégica de Mejora en la Implementación de los Estándares Mínimos del Sistema de Gestión de la Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo (SG-SST) en la empresa Banco de Occidente para el primer semestre del 2019

Mediante el presente trabajo las integrantes del grupo colaborativo del curso, ponemos en práctica los conocimientos adquiridos en el desarrollo del Diplomado en Gerencia del Talento Humano. Con el fin de implementar el Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo del Banco de Occidente para el primer semestre del año 2019 aplicando la normatividad vigente.Through the present work the members of the collaborative group of the course, we put into practice the knowledge acquiried in the development of the diplomado in human talent management. In order to implement the occupational health and safety management system of Banco of Occidente for the first semester of 2019 applying the current regulations

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake