Aspectos clave en la alimentación de las cerdas hiperprolíficas

La seleccio´n gene´tica en porcino ha deri- vado en la obtencio´n de cerdas ma´s pro- li´ cas, ma´s e cientes alimentariamente y con mayor porcentaje de magro, velocidad de crecimiento y produccio´n lechera. Todo ello ha conducido a que presenten mayor peso corporal en los diferentes ciclos y a que resulte ma´s preocupante su limitada capacidad de ingesta en lactacio´n (Riu, 2013). Por consiguiente, es importante adaptar la alimentacio´n y la nutricio´n de este tipo de reproductoras para satisfacer sus crecientes necesidades nutricionales

Immunocastration in gilts: a preliminary study of the effect of the second dose administration time on growth, reproductive tract development, and carcass and meat quality

Increasing fatness and avoiding puberty are desirable in gilts intended for high-quality dry-cured ham production. A total of 48 Duroc x (Landrace x Large White) females of 26.5 ± 3.70 kg body weight (BW) were used to evaluate the impact of immunocastration and to find the optimum application time of the second dose for immunocastration on growth; sex hormones; reproductive tract development; and carcass, meat, and fat quality. Gilts were allocated to four experimental treatments (n = 12): control (entire gilts, EG) and immunocastrated gilts (IG), providing the second dose at 12, 9, or 7 weeks before slaughter (with approximately 60, 75, or 90 kg BW, respectively). Mean slaughter BW was 125 kg. Immunocastrated gilts had lighter reproductive tracts and greater fat thickness than EG. Fat from IG was more saturated and less polyunsaturated than that from EG. Numerically, gilts immunocastrated 9 and 12 weeks before slaughter presented higher fatness than those immunocastrated 7 weeks before slaughter. In conclusion, immunocastration is a good strategy to improve the fatness of gilts destined to dry-cured ham elaboration, with the optimum time for the second dose application seemingly between 9 and 12 weeks before slaughter

Influence of mild feed restriction and mild reduction in dietary amino acid content on feeding behaviour of group-housed growing pigs

This study investigates changes in the feeding behaviour of pigs as a result of a restriction in their feed allowance and a reduction in dietary indispensable amino acid (AA) content. Ninety-six Topig Talent × PIC barrows were housed in 8 pens and individually fed either ad libitum (AL) or a restricted diet (RF) from 47 to 145 kg body weight (BW). The amount of feed given to RF pigs was close to their expected voluntary intake, but it was limited to proportions of 0.33, 0.66 and 1.00 of the estimated daily amount of feed in 3 time intervals, 00:01 to 8:00, 8:01 to 16:00 and 16:01 to 24:00 h, respectively. From 86 kg BW, the pigs in 4 of the pens were fed diets with conventional standardized ileal digestible AA content (CAA), while the pigs in the other pens received diets (LAA) in which the proportions of dietary indispensable AA were lowered with respect to CAA by 0.91 from 86 to 118 kg BW and by 0.82 from 118 to 145 kg BW. Automated feeders monitored individual feeding behaviour. Data were analysed by pig and feeding phase with a 2 × 2 factorial design. Over the whole experimental period, feed restriction resulted in a decrease in daily feed intake (7%, P < 0.001), the number of visits (27%, P < 0.001) and the time spent feeding (14%, P < 0.001), but an increase in feed consumption per visit (20%, P = 0.001) and feeding rate (10%, P = 0.032). The reduction in AA increased daily feed intake (7%, P = 0.031), tended to increase feeding rate (14%, P = 0.07) and interacted with feeding regime with respect to the number and duration of feeding visits. During growing and finishing, we observed high, negative, non-linear relationships between feed consumption per visit and visit frequency (R2 = 0.989 to 0.876), between visit duration and visit frequency (R2 = 0.648 to 0.695), and between feeding rate and time spent feeding in a day (R2 = 0.802 to 0.707), and positive linear relationships between visit duration and feed consumption per visit (R2 = 0.614 to 0.570). The individual feeding rate during growing was positively correlated with that during finishing (R2 = 0.458). We conclude that pigs try to adapt their feeding pattern to compensate for a reduction in feed allowance or nutrient restriction by, for example, increasing their feeding rate, which may reflect increased feeding motivation

STRATEGIE INNOVATIVE PER COSCE DI QUALITÀ

Si descrivono i risultati di una ricerca finalizzata a valutare differenti strategie di allevamento e di alimentazione sulle prestazioni produttive, caratteristiche di carcasse e cosce per la trasformazione in prosciutto crudo. I risultati consentono di valutare l'implementazione di nuove indicazioni derivanti dalla revisione dei disciplinari di produzione del prosciutto crudo

Awake proning as an adjunctive therapy for refractory hypoxemia in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure: Guidance from an international group of healthcare workers

Non-intubated patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 could benefit from awake proning. Awake proning is an attractive intervention in settings with limited resources, as it comes with no additional costs. However, awake proning remains poorly used probably because of unfamiliarity and uncertainties regarding potential benefits and practical application. To summarize evidence for benefit and to develop a set of pragmatic recommendations for awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, focusing on settings where resources are limited, international healthcare professionals from high and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with known expertise in awake proning were invited to contribute expert advice. A growing number of observational studies describe the effects of awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in whom hypoxemia is refractory to simple measures of supplementary oxygen. Awake proning improves oxygenation in most patients, usually within minutes, and reduces dyspnea and work of breathing. The effects are maintained for up to 1 hour after turning back to supine, and mostly disappear after 6–12 hours. In available studies, awake proning was not associated with a reduction in the rate of intubation for invasive ventilation. Awake proning comes with little complications if properly implemented and monitored. Pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications were formulated and adjusted for resource-limited settings. Awake proning, an adjunctive treatment for hypoxemia refractory to supplemental oxygen, seems safe in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure. We provide pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications for the use of awake proning in LMICs

Awake proning as an adjunctive therapy for refractory hypoxemia in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure: Guidance from an international group of healthcare workers

Non-intubated patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 could benefit from awake proning. Awake proning is an attractive intervention in settings with limited resources, as it comes with no additional costs. However, awake proning remains poorly used probably because of unfamiliarity and uncertainties regarding potential benefits and practical application. To summarize evidence for benefit and to develop a set of pragmatic recommendations for awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, focusing on settings where resources are limited, international healthcare professionals from high and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with known expertise in awake proning were invited to contribute expert advice. Agrowing number of observational studies describe the effects of awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in whom hypoxemia is refractory to simple measures of supplementary oxygen. Awake proning improves oxygenation in most patients, usually within minutes, and reduces dyspnea and work of breathing. The effects are maintained for up to 1 hour after turning back to supine, and mostly disappear after 6-12 hours. In available studies, awake proning was not associated with a reduction in the rate of intubation for invasive ventilation. Awake proning comes with little complications if properly implemented and monitored. Pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications were formulated and adjusted for resource-limited settings. Awake proning, an adjunctive treatment for hypoxemia refractory to supplemental oxygen, seems safe in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure. We provide pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications for the use of awake proning in LMICs

Awake Proning as an Adjunctive Therapy for Refractory Hypoxemia in Non-Intubated Patients with COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Failure: Guidance from an International Group of Healthcare Workers

Non-intubated patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 could benefit from awake proning. Awake proning is an attractive intervention in settings with limited resources, as it comes with no additional costs. However, awake proning remains poorly used probably because of unfamiliarity and uncertainties regarding potential benefits and practical application. To summarize evidence for benefit and to develop a set of pragmatic recommendations for awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, focusing on settings where resources are limited, international healthcare professionals from high and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with known expertise in awake proning were invited to contribute expert advice. A growing number of observational studies describe the effects of awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in whom hypoxemia is refractory to simple measures of supplementary oxygen. Awake proning improves oxygenation in most patients, usually within minutes, and reduces dyspnea and work of breathing. The effects are maintained for up to 1 hour after turning back to supine, and mostly disappear after 6–12 hours. In available studies, awake proning was not associated with a reduction in the rate of intubation for invasive ventilation. Awake proning comes with little complications if properly implemented and monitored. Pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications were formulated and adjusted for resource-limited settings. Awake proning, an adjunctive treatment for hypoxemia refractory to supplemental oxygen, seems safe in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure. We provide pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications for the use of awake proning in LMICs

Awake Proning as an Adjunctive Therapy for Refractory Hypoxemia in Non-Intubated Patients with COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Failure: Guidance from an International Group of Healthcare Workers

Non-intubated patients with acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19 could benefit from awake proning. Awake proning is an attractive intervention in settings with limited resources, as it comes with no additional costs. However, awake proning remains poorly used probably because of unfamiliarity and uncertainties regarding potential benefits and practical application. To summarize evidence for benefit and to develop a set of pragmatic recommendations for awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, focusing on settings where resources are limited, international healthcare professionals from high and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with known expertise in awake proning were invited to contribute expert advice. Agrowing number of observational studies describe the effects of awake proning in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in whom hypoxemia is refractory to simple measures of supplementary oxygen. Awake proning improves oxygenation in most patients, usually within minutes, and reduces dyspnea and work of breathing. The effects are maintained for up to 1 hour after turning back to supine, and mostly disappear after 6-12 hours. In available studies, awake proning was not associated with a reduction in the rate of intubation for invasive ventilation. Awake proning comes with little complications if properly implemented and monitored. Pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications were formulated and adjusted for resource-limited settings. Awake proning, an adjunctive treatment for hypoxemia refractory to supplemental oxygen, seems safe in non-intubated patients with COVID-19 acute respiratory failure. We provide pragmatic recommendations including indications and contraindications for the use of awake proning in LMICs