The persistence of simple host-parasitoid systems with prolonged diapause

Many univoltine insect populations can spread adult emergence in time through a phenomena known as prolonged diapause. With the exception of a few works, the dynamic consequences of prolonged diapause in coupled host parasitoid populations remains an open question. We modified the classical Nicholson-Bailey model to consider synchronic prolonged diapause in a model lacking other stabilising features. Our results add evidence to past work in that they show that this phenomena may be of little importance to the stability of hostparasitoid systems. However, the model predicts long-term persistence through abrupt oscillations. This feature may in itself help explain the population behaviour of many insect populations exhibiting outbreak dynamics and sets the emphasis on the importance of looking into transient dynamics

Winter Circulation Patterns and Property Distributions

Based on their characteristic properties, the water masses of the Gulf of Mexico and their vertical stratification are discussed. The T-S relationships specific to the region are presented. For the basin waters, below a sill depth of about 2000 m, the potential temperature, salinity and dissolved-oxygen concentrations show no measurable horizontal variation, although weak vertical density gradients evidence slight positive stability. Variations in the characteristics of the water in the following layers are shown, and the likely origins of these water masses are identified: North Atlantic Deep Water, Subantarctic Intermediate Water, oxygen minimum layer and Subtropical Underwater. For the winter, season, the property distributions in the mixed surface layers are described. On the basis of dynamic computations and GEK measurements, the general winter circulation patterns within the Gulf are examined. The mode most often observed in the eastern Gulf is one dominated by the Loop Current; water enters through Yucatan Strait as the Yucatan Current and flows in a clockwise loop which extends well in the Gulf and exits via Florida Strait. The extent of penetration and location of this loop is quite variable. In other seasons, large current rings are known to separate from the Loop Current. In contrast, the winter circulation in the western Gulf seems more predictable; it consists primarily of a clockwise cell centered over the western central Gulf, having broad westward flow for its southern limb, a narrow east northeastward flow for its northern limb and flanked to the north by a west-southwestward current along the outer Texas-Louisiana shelf

Lewis X antigen mediates adhesion of human breast carcinoma cells to activated endothelium. Possible involvement of the endothelial scavenger receptor C-Type lectin

Lewis x (Lex, CD15), also known as SSEA-1 (stage specific embryonic antigen-1), is a trisaccharide with the structure Galβ(1–4)Fucα(1–3)GlcNAc, which is expressed on glycoconjugates in human polymorphonuclear granulocytes and various tumors such as colon and breast carcinoma. We have investigated the role of Lex in the adhesion of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and PMN to human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) and the effects of two different anti-Lex mAbs (FC-2.15 and MCS-1) on this adhesion. We also analyzed the cytolysis of Lex+-cells induced by anti-Lex mAbs and complement when cells were adhered to the endothelium, and the effect of these antibodies on HUVEC. The results indicate that MCF-7 cells can bind to HUVEC, and that MCS-1 but not FC-2.15 mAb inhibit this interaction. Both mAbs can efficiently lyse MCF-7 cells bound to HUVEC in the presence of complement without damaging endothelial cells. We also found a Lex-dependent PMN interaction with HUVEC. Although both anti-Lex mAbs lysed PMN in suspension and adhered to HUVEC, PMN aggregation was only induced by mAb FC-2.15. Blotting studies revealed that the endothelial scavenger receptor C-type lectin (SRCL), which binds Lex-trisaccharide, interacts with specific glycoproteins of Mr␣∼␣28 kD and 10 kD from MCF-7 cells. The interaction between Lex+-cancer cells and vascular endothelium is a potential target for cancer treatment.Fil: Elola, Maria Teresa. Fundación Instituto Leloir; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Capurro, Mariana Isabel. University of Toronto; CanadáFil: Barrio, Maria Marcela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación para la Investigación, Docencia y Prevención del Cáncer; ArgentinaFil: Coombs, Peter J.. Imperial College London; Reino UnidoFil: Taylor, Maureen E.. Imperial College London; Reino UnidoFil: Drickamer, Kurt. Imperial College London; Reino UnidoFil: Mordoh, Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación para la Investigación, Docencia y Prevención del Cáncer; Argentin

Pellet-count sampling based on spatial distribution : a case study of the European hare in Patagonia

Las estimaciones de densidad y uso del hábitat a través del conteo de heces se hacen asumiendo una distribución al azar. Presentamos datos de liebre europea (Lepus capensis) en el noroeste de Patagonia que muestran que el patrón de distribución de sus heces se ajusta a una distribución agrupada (binomial negativa), y estimamos tamaños mínimos de muestra y varianzas basadas en este modelo. Los tamaños mininos de muestra fueron mayores y las varianzas menores que los basados en un modelo de disposición al azar. Hacernos recomendaciones para mejorar el método de conteo de heces y métodos similares cuando se puede determinar el patrón de distribución espacial de los individuos a través de un muestreo piloto.Estimates of density arad habitat use based on fecal-pellet counts have been done in the past assuming a random distribution. We present data on European hares (Lepus capensis) in northwest Patagonia showing that the distribution pattern of their pellets fats ara aggregated, negative binomial model. We also estimated minimum sample sizes arad variances based on this model. Minimum sample sizes were larger and variances were smaller than those based on a random distribution model. We provide recommendations to improve the pellet-count and similar sampling methods when the spatial distribution of the individuals can be determined through a pilot study

Induced Vitiligo due to Talimogene Laherparepvec Injection for Metastatic Melanoma Associated with Long-term Complete Response

Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) (Imlygic, Amgen) is the first oncolytic virus approved for use in therapy for metastatic melanoma. T-VEC provides a treatment option for patients with limited metastatic disease. T-VEC is a genetically modified, live, attenuated herpes simplex virus type 1 designed to replicate in tumour cells and promote an enhanced anti-tumour response (1) T-VEC is administered by injection into cutaneous, subcutaneous or nodal lesions, which are visible and/or palpable and/ or visualized by ultrasonography (2). Other local management options have been used to control metastatic disease in stage IIIB, but almost all have shown only a local effect and rapid disease relapse (3, 4). With T-VEC, responses occurred in injected and uninjected lesions, including a greater than 50% decrease in size in 15% of uninjected visceral lesions. The appearance of vitiligo has been described as an adverse event after administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (5, 6). It has been reported as a marker of activity of the drug and long-term results, inducing clinicians to use it as a predictor of drug response (7). A T-VEC phase II study has reported 85% adverse events, all of which were grade 1 or 2. The appearance of vitiligo has been described in 3 patients out of 50 (8), although no details regarding duration and appearance have been reported

RECOMENDACIÓN DINÁMICA DE N EN MAÍZ BASADO EN LA PREDICCIÓN DEL AGUA TRANSPIRADA

The objective of the present work is to study the stability of the relationship between N absorbed and water transpired in order to explore new tools for predicting nitrogen fertilization needs based on the prediction of N demand by this route. If this tool is reliable and can be extrapolated to different environments, it would be very useful for rational and efficient use of N in scenarios of different water availability.El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar la estabilidad de la relación entre el N absorbido y el agua transpirada para luego explorar nuevas herramientas de predicción de necesidades de fertilización nitrogenada basadas en la predicción de la demanda de N por esta vía. De ser una herramienta confiable y extrapolable a diferentes ambientes, sería de gran utilidad para utilizar de forma racional y eficiente del N ante escenarios de diferente disponibilidad hídrica

Measles, Moral Regulation and the Social Construction of Risk: Media Narratives of “Anti-Vaxxers” and the 2015 Disneyland Outbreak

This paper examines media coverage of the 2014-15 measles outbreak that began at Disneyland and spread throughout the United States and into Canada and Mexico. Specifically, it focuses on the construction of ‘anti-vaxxers’ as a central character in the outbreak’s unfolding narrative who came to represent a threat to public health and moral order. Although parents who hold strong anti-vaccine views are small in number, media representations of ‘anti-vaxxers’ as prominent figures fail to capture the broad range of views and behaviours that constitute what we today call ‘vaccine hesitancy’ and thus delimit our understanding of this increasingly complex health issue

Pair distribution function in a two-dimensional electron gas

We calculate the pair distribution function, $g(r)$, in a two-dimensional electron gas and derive a simple analytical expression for its value at the origin as a function of $r_s$. Our approach is based on solving the Schr\"{o}dinger equation for the two-electron wave function in an appropriate effective potential, leading to results that are in good agreement with Quantum Monte Carlo data and with the most recent numerical calculations of $g(0)$. [C. Bulutay and B. Tanatar, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 65}, 195116 (2002)] We also show that the spin-up spin-down correlation function at the origin, $g_{\uparrow \downarrow}(0)$, is mainly independent of the degree of spin polarization of the electronic system.Comment: 5 figures, pair distribution dependence with distance is calculate

Development of an Affimer-antibody combined immunological diagnosis kit for glypican-3

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a promising new marker for hepatocellular carcinoma, but the reported values for serum GPC3 differ markedly between currently available kits. Here we isolated Affimer non-antibody binding proteins against GPC3 by phage display and developed a new sandwich chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) combining an Affimer with a monoclonal antibody (Affimer-MAb CLIA). The proposed CLIA assay demonstrated a wide linear range  0.03–600 ng/mL) with a good linear correlation coefficient (0.9999), a high detection limitation (0.03 ng/mL) and specificity (0–0.002%) for detection of GPC3. The accuracy, hook effect and stability were demonstrated to be satisfactory. The mean level of GPC3 in serum was higher (>8.5 fold, P < 0.001) in hepatocellular carcinoma patients compared to healthy and other liver disease individuals. A poor correlation (correlation coefficients ranged from −0.286 to 0.478) was observed through pairwise comparison within different kits. However, only this newly developed CLIA test showed high specificity and correlated with the “gold standard” GPC3-immunohistochemistry. This study indicates that Affimer-MAb CLIA can be used to generate a sensitive immunodiagnostic kit, which offers the potential for a highly specific clinically-relevant detection system