Suscetibilidade de Merremia cissoides, Neotonia wightii e Stizolobium aterrimum aos herbicidas amicarbazine, imazapic e sulfentrazone

Three experiments were developed with the goal to evaluate the susceptibility of Merremia cissoides, Neonotonia wightii and Stizolobium aterrimum to the amicarbazone, imazapic and sulfentrazone herbicides, by means of rate-response curves. The experiments were installed in clay soil, where eight doses of each herbicide were applied, in pre-emergency. The used doses were: 8D, 4D, 2D, D, 1/2D, 1/4D, 1/8D, and check plots without application; whereas D is the recommended dose of amicarbazone (1200 g ha-1), imazapic (147 g ha-1) or sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1). For M. cissoides and N. wightii species, the three tested herbicides demonstrated effective control up to the 60 days, in the recommended doses. For the S. aterrimum species, only amicarbazone herbicide was effective, in the recommended dose. Control levels ensure these three herbicides as control options in pre-emergence for the M. cissoides and N. wightii species and only the amicarbazone herbicide, as control option for S. aterrimum.Três experimentos foram desenvolvidos com o objetivo de avaliar a suscetibilidade das plantas daninhas Merremia cissoides, Neonotonia wightii e Stizolobium aterrimum aos herbicidas amicarbazone, imazapic e sulfentrazone, por meio de curvas de dose-resposta. Os experimentos foram instalados em solo argiloso, onde foram aplicadas oito doses de cada herbicida, em pré-emergência. As doses utilizadas foram: 8D, 4D, 2D, D, 1/2D, 1/4D, 1/8D e testemunha sem aplicação; sendo D a dose recomendada de amicarbazone (1200 g ha-1), imazapic (147 g ha-1), ou sulfentrazone (800 g ha-1). Para as espécies M. cissoides e N. wightii, os três herbicidas testados demonstraram controle eficaz até os 60 dias, nas doses recomendadas. Para a espécie S. aterrimum, somente o herbicida amicarbazone foi eficaz, na dose recomendada. Os níveis de controle garantem estes três herbicidas como opções de controle em pré-emergência para as espécies M. cissoides e N. wightii e apenas o herbicida amicarbazone, como opção de controle da S. aterrimum

Knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding domestic violence against women: a systematic review

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding cases of domestic violence against women. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. METHODS: We conducted an electronic search of six databases, which only included observational studies, regardless of the year, language, or country of publication, except for studies that used secondary data and were exclusively qualitative. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using a specific Joanna Briggs Institute tool. RESULTS: Six studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a low risk of bias. Approximately 38% of these professionals identified injuries caused by violence in patients. When asked about knowing the correct attitude to take in cases of confirmed violence, between 12% and 64% of rural healthcare providers answered positively; most of them would refer to specialized institutions and promote victim empowerment and counseling. The number of professionals with an educational background in the field ranged from 16% to 98%. CONCLUSIONS: The evident disparity across studies shows that some professionals have suboptimal knowledge and require training to adopt the correct attitude when identifying female victims of domestic violence in clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework Database under the registration http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S

Epidemiological profile of patients undergoing surgery to treat facial fractures in a university hospital

Introduction: Facial trauma presents aesthetic, social and economic relevance. Knowing its epidemiology makes it possible to formulate measures for prevention, education and systematization of care. Methods: Research through the hospital information system, looking for patients who needed to undergo surgery for face fracture between April 2015 and April 2020. Epidemiological data were then collected. Results: 141 patients were selected. The average age was 34 years, with most males (85%). The predominant etiology was motor vehicle accidents, and the most prevalent surgical fracture was orbit (67%). The median time between trauma and surgery was 18 days. Sixty patients had injuries associated with facial fractures, especially orthopedic and neurological injuries. Conclusion: The most common etiology of surgical facial fractures was a traffic accident, predominantly among men. Orbit fractures were the most surgically treated

Shedding some light over the floral metabolism by Arum Lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica) Spathe de novo transcriptome assembly

Zantedeschia aethiopica is an evergreen perennial plant cultivated worldwide and commonly used for ornamental and medicinal purposes including the treatment of bacterial infections. However, the current understanding of molecular and physiological mechanisms in this plant is limited, in comparison to other non-model plants. In order to improve understanding of the biology of this botanical species, RNA-Seq technology was used for transcriptome assembly and characterization. Following Z. aethiopica spathe tissue RNA extraction, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed with the aim of obtaining both abundant and rare transcript data. Functional profiling based on KEGG Orthology (KO) analysis highlighted contigs that were involved predominantly in genetic information (37%) and metabolism (34%) processes. Predicted proteins involved in the plant circadian system, hormone signal transduction, secondary metabolism and basal immunity are described here. In silico screening of the transcriptome data set for antimicrobial peptide (AMP) – encoding sequences was also carried out and three lipid transfer proteins (LTP) were identified as potential AMPs involved in plant defense. Spathe predicted protein maps were drawn, and suggested that major plant efforts are expended in guaranteeing the maintenance of cell homeostasis, characterized by high investment in carbohydrate, amino acid and energy metabolism as well as in genetic information

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio