Importância da Filosofia na educação básica e na universidade

This experience report discusses the place of Philosophy in Basic Education. It also seeks to reflect on how Philosophy is taught in the context of the University, considering the question of form and content. Such questions are discussed in order to understand more deeply the importance of philosophy in human formation. This reflection is based on authors who are dedicated to the theme in question, among them, Marilena Chauí (1982), Ildeu Coêlho (1993) and Jayme Paviani (2010). Thus, it seeks to question the philosophy in human formation, understanding the relevance of knowledge and the exercise of thought in this formation in the teacher's work and in the formation of the student, with a view to emancipation and intellectual autonomy.O presente relato de experiência discute o lugar da Filosofia na Educação Básica. Busca ainda refletir sobre como a Filosofia é trabalhada no contexto da Universidade, em relação a questão da forma e do conteúdo. Tais questões são postas em discussão com vistas a compreender mais profundamente a importância da filosofia na formação humana. A presente reflexão está fundamentada em autores que se dedicam ao tema em questão, dentre eles, Marilena Chauí (1982), Ildeu Coêlho (1993) e Jayme Paviani (2010), numa abordagem qualitativa. Desse modo, busca-se pôr em questão a filosofia na formação humana, compreendendo a relevância do conhecimento e do exercício do pensamento nesta formação no trabalho do professor e na formação do aluno em vistas a emancipação e autonomia intelectual.

Alcoolismo e dependência química na população idosa: um desafio para saúde pública brasileira

The objective of this study is to understand the main contexts about chemical dependency and alcoholism in old age. This is a narrative review of research on alcoholism in old age and, as a secondary objective, expose questions about chemical dependence in this same public. An in-depth search of articles was carried out in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and PubMed databases, with the following Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): Alcoholism; Chemical Dependency; Elderly Health; Illicit Substances. Articles were selected between the periods of 2010 to 2022, in Portuguese, to increase the level of relevance and quality of the review, given the scarcity of scientific studies on the subject. excess alcohol causes to the body, it becomes necessary to take primary action measures in society, in order to prevent the emergence of new users and the intensification of the problem. In addition, the importance of epidemiological studies and social research is perceived, especially in large Brazilian centers, after all, the population of Brazil ages every year, which can maximize the attraction of the elderly in drugs and in excess of alcohol.El objetivo de este estudio es comprender los principales contextos sobre dependencia química y alcoholismo en la vejez. Se trata de una revisión narrativa de investigaciones sobre el alcoholismo en la vejez y, como objetivo secundario, exponer interrogantes sobre la dependencia química en este mismo público. Se realizó una búsqueda en profundidad de artículos en las bases de datos Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) y PubMed, con los siguientes Descriptores en Ciencias de la Salud (DeCS): Alcoholismo; Dependencia química; Salud del Anciano; Sustancias ilícitas. Los artículos fueron seleccionados entre los períodos de 2010 a 2022, en portugués, para aumentar el nivel de relevancia y calidad de la revisión, dada la escasez de estudios científicos sobre el tema. el exceso de alcohol provoca en el organismo, se hace necesario tomar medidas de acción primaria en la sociedad, a fin de evitar la aparición de nuevos consumidores y la agudización del problema. Además, se percibe la importancia de los estudios epidemiológicos y de la investigación social, especialmente en los grandes centros brasileños, después de todo, la población de Brasil envejece cada año, lo que puede maximizar la atracción de los ancianos en las drogas y el exceso de alcohol.Objetiva-se, neste estudo, compreender os principais contextos acerca da dependência química  e o alcoolismo na terceira idade. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa, na pesquisa sobre o alcoolismo na terceira idade e, como objetivo secundário, expor as questões acerca da dependencia quimica nesse mesmo público. Foi realizada uma profunda pesquisa de artigos nas bases de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e PubMed, com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): Alcoolismo; Dependência Química; Saúde do Idoso; Substâncias Ilícitas.  Foram selecionados artigos entre os períodos de 2010 a 2022, no idioma Português, para ampliar o nível de relevância e a qualidade da revisão, visto a escassez de estudos científicos sobre a temática.. Considerando o prejuízo funcional que o uso de substâncias ilícitas e do excesso de álcool causam ao organismo, torna-se necessário medidas de ação primárias na sociedade, a fim de impedir o surgimento de novos usuários e intensificação do problema. Além disso, percebe-se a importância de estudos epidemiológicos e pesquisas sociais, sobretudo, nos grandes centros brasileiros, afinal, a população do Brasil envelhece a cada ano, podendo maximizar a atração da terceira idade nas drogas e no excesso de álcool.&nbsp

Patologias atuais: a compulsão e a sociedade dos excessos: Current pathologies: compulsion and the society of excesses

O artigo em tela tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos biopsicossociais da conduta compulsiva de consumo. Propõe-se a apresentar os elementos psicológicos contidos nesse comportamento, além de verificar quais são os resultados decorrentes dessa compulsão. O consumo compulsivo, também chamado de oniomania, é um transtorno causado pela ansiedade despertada pela necessidade de comprar e saciada, somente, quando é materializada a aquisição daquilo que se deseja comprar. O estudo em questão pode ser classificado como sendo de cunho bibliográfico, a partir da análise de documentos publicados em forma de artigos científicos e livros em formato digital

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv