Screens versus SEM grids for single pass measurements in SPS, LEP and LHC

When the transfer channels of the SPS and LEP were designed in the 70¹s and early 80¹s, it was foreseen to use screens to observe qualitatively the beam positions and shapes and Secondary Emission Grids and Split Foils to perform precision profile and position measurements. Foils covering the whole aperture were installed for measuring the beam intensities. The original screens were 1 mm thick, which blows up the low energy beams and limits the number of screens which can be used simultaneously. With the use of different screen materials, image acquisition hardware and processing software, the TV screens are now competing with the SEM Grids for precision measurements. The screens are simpler in construction, have a large spatial resolution, typically 105 points, and are more sensitive. The use of fast luminescent material and thin Optical Transition Radiation screens are extending the screen monitor field to bunch length and time structure measurements. Limitations of Secondary Emission Monitors and results obtained with screens with hadrons and leptons are reported. Future applications are considered

Preliminary test of a luminescence profile monitor in the CERN SPS

In order to satisfy the tight emittance requirements of LHC, a non-intercepting beam profile monitor is needed in the SPS to follow the beam emittance evolution during the acceleration cycle from 26 to 450 GeV. Beyond 300 GeV, the synchrotron light monitor can be used. To cover the energy range from injection at 26 GeV to 300 GeV, a monitor based on the luminescence of gas injected in the vacuum chamber has been tested and has given interesting results. This monitor could also be used in LHC, where the same problem arises. Design and results are presented for the SPS monitor

Through thickness evolution of crack tip plasticity

Experimental methods to measure fracture mechanics parameters tend to provide information from or about the surface of cracked components. However, information about the interior of the component is key to understanding the mechanisms governing the damage processes at a crack tip for both fatigue and fracture events. In this work we present a detailed numerical analysis of the evolution of the plastic zone through the thickness of an aluminium alloy specimen. This is done by means of ultra-fine non- linear finite element models. The simulated results are compared with experimental displacement data measured optically from the surface of the specimen.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Evolving military broadband wireless communication systems: WiMAX, LTE and WLAN

© 2016 IEEE. This version of the paper has been accepted for publication. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. The final published paper is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMCIS.2016.7496570.[Abstract]: Emerging technologies for mobile broadband wireless are being considered as a Commercial Off-The-Shelf solution to cover the operational requirements of the future warfare. The capabilities of these technologies are being enhanced to meet the growing market demands on performance. In this context, several standards such as WiMAX, LTE or WLAN are introducing themselves as strong candidates to fulfill these requirements. This paper presents an innovative scenario-based approach to develop a Military Broadband Wireless Communication System (MBWCS). Its main objective is to analyze how similar a military MBWCS can be to the identified civil standards, taking operational and high level technical requirements into account. This specification will be used for analyzing the applicability and the modifications of each of the standards layers individually. Proving the feasibility and aptitude of each standard provides strong foundations to address a MBWCS in the most efficient way.This work has been funded by MINECO of Spain under grant TEC2013-47141-C4-1-R and Indra Sistemas S.A. The authors acknowledge to Colin Brown, Mehmet Hayri K üçüktabak and Matthias Tschauner their collaboration in the NATO IST-ET-068

Evaluación de la zona plástica en fatiga para un acero bainitico mediante difracción de rayos x

En este artículo se presenta una nueva metodología para medir la zona plástica de una grieta en fatiga. Se han adquirido datos de difracción de rayos X sincrotrón para una probeta Compact Tension de acero bainítico, en el plano medio a través del espesor. Estos datos han sido traducidos a campos 2D de deformación en torno al vértice. Se ha generado un campo de deformación angular artificial para, en consonancia con los anteriores, obtener el campo de deformación equivalente de Von Mises. La aplicación de la ley de comportamiento elástico ha permitido hallar campos de tensión equivalente entorno al vértice de grieta. Así, se permite estimar la zona plástica y sus dimensiones. Finalmente se estudia la precisión de la metodología a través de una comparación con los modelos de zona plástica de Irwin y de Dugdale.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech Los autores agradecen la financiación aportada para la realización de este trabajo al Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (referencia MAT2016-76951-C2-2-P) y al Fondo Social Europeo a través de la Iniciativa de Empleo Juvenil (referencia UMAJI84)

Evolving Military Broadband Wireless Communication Systems: WiMAX, LTE and WLAN

Emerging technologies for mobile broadband wireless are being considered as a Commercial Off-The-Shelf solution to cover the operational requirements of the future warfare. The capabilities of these technologies are being enhanced to meet the growing market demands on performance. In this context, several standards such as WiMAX, LTE or WLAN are introducing themselves as strong candidates to fulfill these requirements. This paper presents an innovative scenario-based approach to develop a Military Broadband Wireless Communication System (MBWCS). Its main objective is to analyze how similar a military MBWCS can be to the identified civil standards, taking operational and high level technical requirements into account. This specification will be used for analyzing the applicability and the modifications of each of the standards layers individually. Proving the feasibility and aptitude of each standard provides strong foundations to address a MBWCS in the most efficient way.Comment: This is an ACCEPTED VERSION of the following published document Proc. of 2016 International Conference on Military Communications and Information Systems (ICMCIS), Brussels, Belgium, 2016, pp. 1-

The Luminescence Profile Monitor of the CERN SPS

The SPS luminescence monitor is the first device of this type to be used in a high energy accelerator, from 14 to 450 GeV, where up till now the light production was considered to be insufficient. It uses Nitrogen at pressures as low as 4 10-6 Pa as the scintillation medium. Light production, spectrum and decay times have been measured and compared with theory and existing low energy data. They are important factors for the design of such monitors for other machines, for example LHC

Determinación experimental de la carga de apertura de grieta en fatiga bajo cargas aleatorias

El concepto de carga de apertura o cierre de grieta es ampliamente utilizado en fatiga para justificar el comportamiento del crecimiento de grietas con distintas relaciones de carga y el efecto de interacción de las cargas. Hasta la fecha son numerosas las técnicas experimentales propuestas para medir la apertura de grieta y entre ellas los métodos de flexibilidad son ampliamente utilizados por su simplicidad. En este trabajo se propone una modificación del método propuesto por la ASTM y se presentan los resultados obtenidos en ensayos de crecimiento de grietas por fatiga bajo cargas aleatorias. Así mismo, los valores experimentales de cargas de apertura son comparados con los calculados analíticamente por un modelo de simulación tipo “strip-yield” implementado en el software NASGRO. En general, se ha encontrado una concordancia razonablemente buena entre los valores experimentales y los obtenidos por simulación.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Los autores agradecen la financiación aportada para la realización de este trabajo al Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (referencia MAT2016-76951-C2-2-P)

Influencia del tamaño mínimo de elemento en el análisis tridimensional por elementos finitos del cierre de grieta inducido por plasticidad

Because of the increase of the computational power, during last years the use of three-dimensional finite element models to analyse the plasticity induced crack closure phenomenon has spread. However, the methodology employed is directly inherit from bi-dimensional analysis. As is well known, several numerical parameters can affect to the obtained results, being one of them, the mesh size close to the crack front. In the present work, a CT aluminium alloy specimen has been three-dimensionally modelled in order to analyse the influence of the mesh size close to the crack front. The results have been analysed in terms of the crack opening and closure values as well as taking into account the strain and stress fields around the crack front.Debido al incremento de la capacidad computacional disponible hoy en día, en los últimos años se ha extendido el uso de modelos tridimensionales para el análisis del cierre de grieta en fatiga empleando el método de los elementos finitos. Sin embargo, la metodología que se emplea es directamente heredada de los modelos bidimensionales. Es bien conocido que diferentes parámetros numéricos pueden afectar a los resultados obtenidos, siendo uno de ellos el tamaño de la malla en el entorno del frente de la grieta. En el presente trabajo, se ha modelado tridimensionalmente una probeta CT de una aleación de aluminio, con objeto de evaluar la influencia del tamaño de la malla en el entorno del frente de la grieta, analizando los resultados en función de los valores de apertura y cierre de la grieta, así como considerando los campos de tensiones y deformaciones entrono al frente de la grieta.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech