Postpartum Depression in Fathers: A Systematic Review

[EN] Background/Objectives: Postpartum depression is usually defined as a major depressive episode that occurs shortly after childbirth. This condition is most commonly found in females; however, paternal postpartum depression has begun to attract more research attention. This study aims to identify different instruments for measuring this mental health problem and to detect risk factors as well as the main sources of resilience in paternal postpartum depression. Methods: A literature review was conducted following the PRISMA method. Results: After analyzing 10 articles, it was determined that the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale is the most widely used instrument for the diagnosis of postpartum depression in the female population, and after several studies, it has already been validated for the male sex. After several studies were analyzed to highlight the main risk factors for paternal postpartum depression, it was established that the most influential factor is male gender role stress. These findings highlight the traditional role of fathers today. Most health professionals see the mother as the priority. Conclusions: Paternal depression is a major problem for mothers and fathers today, as well as for the newborn. As time goes on, there is a growing need to incorporate fathers into current and future mental health programs to be able to provide the necessary support.S

Life Habits of Healthcare Professionals during the Third Wave of COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Spanish Hospital

EN] (1) Background: To describe sleep quality, eating behaviour and alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use among healthcare staff in a Spanish public hospital. (2) Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study examining sleep quality (Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index), eating behaviour (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (R18)), tobacco and drug use (ESTUDES questionnaire) and alcohol use (Cut down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye-opener). (3) Results: 178 people, of whom 87.1% (155) were women, with an average age of 41.59 ± 10.9 years. A total of 59.6% of the healthcare workers had sleep problems, to a greater or lesser degree. The average daily consumption was 10.56 ± 6.74 cigarettes. The most commonly used drugs included cannabis, occasionally used by 88.37%, cocaine (4.75%), ecstasy (4.65%) and amphetamines (2.33%). A total of 22.73% of participants had increased their drug use, and 22.73% had increased their consumption during the pandemic, with beer and wine accounting for 87.2% of drinks consumed during this period. (4) Conclusions: In addition to the psychological and emotional impact already demonstrated, the COVID-19 crisis has repercussions on sleep quality, eating behaviour and alcohol, tobacco and drug consumption. Psychological disturbances have repercussions on physical and functional aspects of healthcare workers. It is feasible that these alterations are due to stress, and it is necessary to act through treatment and prevention as well as promote healthy habits.S

Termalismo solidario y accesible para el tratamiento de la piel

[ES] Habitualmente relacionamos la crenoterapia con el uso que se hace de ella en instalaciones privadas creadas para tal fin, los balnearios. No obstante existen lugares donde los beneficios y las surgencias de agua mineromedicinal están gratuitamente al alcance de la ciudadanía, en forma de termas públicas o semipúblicas, siendo el uso tópico una de las mayores ventajas que ofrece por su rápida absorción a través de la piel, y al que pueden acudir personas que quieren mejorar determinados problemas de salud, disfrutar como recreo o, incluso, ser destino turístico.S

Efficacy of baths with mineral-medicinal water in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomized clinical trial

The layout of this study, designed as a randomized crossover clinical trial, is to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention with mineral-medicinal water from As Burgas (Ourense) in patients suffering from fibromyalgia. Pre-intervention: randomization of group A and group B. Intervention: Phase 1: Group A: 14 baths in thermal water for a month and standard pharmacological treatment; group B, standard pharmacological treatment. Rest period, 3 months. Phase 2: Gruop A, standard treatment and Grou B, 14 baths in thermal water for a month plus standard treatment. The Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) was used; this grades from 1 (minimum) to 10 (maximum) the impact of the illness, which was measured in both phases. 25 patients were included in each group and the study was concluded with 20 patients in group A and 20 in group B. The intervention group obtained, once the baths finished, a mean score of 60,3 (±11,8) and the control group of 70,8 (±13,0) (p <0,001). Three months later, the intervention group presented a mean score of 64,4 (±10,6) and the control group of 5,0 (±11,3) (p <0,001). We can therefore conclude that the simple baths with mineral-medicinal water from As Burgas can make an improvement on the impact caused by fibromyalgia

Men who have sex with men: An approach to social network analysis

[EN] Background: Dating apps for men who have sex with men (MSM) have favored unprotected sexual encounters; other unsafe practices, including drug use, are widespread. No evidence is available from the perspective of the structure of their relationships, a personal aspect included in all nursing meta-paradigms. Aim: To study the structure of MSM networks through dating and contact applications and this relationship to risky sexual activities such as condom use, chemsex (sex while using drug), and group sex. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Sample: A total of 32 MSM participants from Madrid (Spain). Measurements: Socio-demographic and structural variables with Social Network Analysis (SNA) metrics. Data on condom use, drug use during encounters, and group sex were included. Results: Twenty-five percent of respondents practiced chemsex, and 75% of these used poppers. MSM with higher socioeconomic status participated in group sex sessions more frequently than those with lower socioeconomics. Within the network analysis, the relationships strong showed greater ease in having unprotected anal intercourse. Conclusion: SNA can be effective in the study of MSM sexual networks and their risk behaviors for community nurses to improve their interventions in sexual health promotionS

Quality of life and social support during pregnancy in Spanish population. A longitudinal study

[EN]Background: The quality of life and social support during pregnancy are two variables influencing the health of pregnants and neonates. The documented impact of these variables on mental health, specifically the risk of depression, is notable.Aim: To investigate the evolution of quality of life and social support at the beginning and end of pregnancy in pregnant women, and to examine the relationship between these variables. Methods: The proposed longitudinal study includes 188 pregnants from a northern region of Spain. Participants were selected through consecutive sampling from September 2021 to April 2023. Quality of life and social support will be assessed in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy using the SF-36 questionnaire and MOS-SSS questionnaire, respectively. Findings: The questionnaires show strong internal consistency (α = 0.91 and 0.97). Quality of life changes during pregnancy, declining in the physical component and rising in the mental component towards the end. Primiparous women have higher quality of life. Depression risk is 29.8 % in the 1st trimester, dropping to 22.9 % in the 3rd trimester. Social support decreases in the 3rd trimester, particularly among unmarried women. Significant positive correlations exist between quality of life and social support. Conclusion: This study emphasizes notable variations in quality of life and social support during pregnancy, impacting the health of pregnant individuals and neonates. Proposing standardization in monitoring these factors during prenatal check-ups aims to improve the physical and mental health of pregnant individuals and newborns.S

Psychometric analysis and validation of the SF‐34 PREG: An adaptation of the SF‐36 for assessing quality of life in pregnant women

[EN] Objective: This study aims to perform a psychometric analysis of the 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) in a population of pregnant women and validate an adapted version of the instrument to measure health-related quality of life specific to pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was carried out with data collection between 7 and 36 weeks of gestation, with a total sample of 547 pregnant women divided into two randomized subsamples. Data were collected between September 2021 and April 2023. An exploratory factor analysis was initially performed on one subsample, followed by a confirmatory factor analysis on the other. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega, and correlations between factors were analyzed. Results: Results from the exploratory factor analysis proposed a seven-factor model explaining 56% of the variance. All proposed dimensions achieved Cronbach's alpha scores above 0.75, with a total test score of 0.92. Furthermore, all dimensions exhibited positive and statistically significant correlations. Bartlett's test of sphericity and the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test yielded values of 5599 (P 0.90, and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) <0.06. Conclusion: This study developed and validated the “SF-34 PREG,” an adapted version of the SF-36, specifically designed for pregnant women. The SF-34 PREG demonstrated high reliability and a robust factorial structure, making it a more precise and relevant tool for assessing health-related quality of life during pregnancy. Although it does not include the social functioning dimension of the original SF-36, the SF-34 PREG offers improved relevance and accuracy for this specific population. Further research and clinical use of the SF-34 PREG are recommendedS

Health-Related Quality of Life in Pregnant Women during the First Trimester in Northern Spain: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

[EN] Background: Achieving the optimal quality of life is currently a health challenge for the world’s population. Pregnancy is a stressful period of life that affects women’s quality of life. Aims: This study aimed to describe and analyse the health-related quality of life in pregnant women during their first trimester in a health area in the north of Spain. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out. A total of 359 women completed the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey. Results: The sample consisted of 57.9% primiparous women, 30% had experienced a previous abortion, and 7.2% were foreign women. The mean age was 33.53 years. The sum of the physical and mental component values was below 50 points. Notably, 4.17% of women reported a worsening of their health in the last year, and 28.69% had an increased depression risk. Conclusion: Being a foreigner, prenatal abortion, previous caesarean section, previous children, or assisted reproduction techniques are the variables that have a negative association with some dimensions of quality of life in pregnant women.S

Depressive symptoms in a sample of women with subclinical hypothyroidism and their relationship to chlorates in tap water

[ES] en el hipotiroidismo subclínico pueden aparecer síntomas depresivos y su presencia suele facilitar la instauración de un tratamiento de reemplazo; sin embargo, estudios recientes no han encontrado una asociación entre ambos. Por otra parte, la función tiroidea puede verse afectada por disruptores endocrinos y, algunos de ellos, como los cloratos, pueden encontrarse en el agua que bebemos. Objetivos: conocer si el tipo de consumo de agua puede influir en la aparición de síntomas depresivos en pacientes con hipotiroidismo subclínico. Métodos: participaron 96 mujeres con hipotiroidismo subclínico, sin tratamiento tiroideo, de un área de salud de España. Estudiamos, entre otras variables, la presencia de síntomas depresivos, el tipo de consumo de agua (grifo/embotellada o manantial) y el nivel de cloratos en el agua del grifo. Resultados: el 41,7 % (40) de las mujeres presentaban síntomas depresivos y estos se relacionaban con el consumo de agua del grifo (p = 0,001), resultando este un predictor confiable (OR: 27,79; p = 0,007). El nivel de cloratos en el agua del grifo era de 250 µg/L, valor situado en el límite máximo permitido por la ley. Conclusiones: en mujeres con hipotiroidismo subclínico, la exposición crónica a cloratos en el agua, en niveles autorizados por la ley, podría favorecer la inhibición del transporte de yodo y la aparición de síntomas depresivos. Sería interesante comprobar esta hipótesis, así como su posible efecto sobre otros perfiles poblacionales.S

Preocupaciones prenatales en el primer trimestre de embarazo en la mujer de la comarca del Bierzo

[ES] A lo largo del período de gestación, es común que las mujeres enfrenten diversas inquietudes vinculadas al bienestar del bebé, el proceso del parto y el rol de ser madre. Estas inquietudes que surgen durante el embarazo son perfectamente normales y frecuentes, dado que esta etapa representa una transición en la vida que conlleva notables transformaciones físicas, emocionales y socialesS