II. Évolution de la notion de travail. Conséquences pour les femmes et plus particulièrement pour les femmes-ingénieurs

Cachelou Josette. II. Évolution de la notion de travail. Conséquences pour les femmes et plus particulièrement pour les femmes-ingénieurs. In: Diplômées, n°119, 1981. pp. 72-74

Unusual egg quality phenotype in the Aspe Valley: a case study in rainbow trout

Unusual egg quality phenotype in the Aspe Valley: a case study in rainbow trout. 7. International Workshop on the Biology of Fish Gamete

Unusual egg quality phenotype in the Aspe Valley: a case study in rainbow trout

Unusual egg quality phenotype in the Aspe Valley: a case study in rainbow trout. 7. International Workshop on the Biology of Fish Gamete

Unusual egg quality phenotype in the Aspe Valley: a case study in rainbow trout

Unusual egg quality phenotype in the Aspe Valley: a case study in rainbow trout. 7. International Workshop on the Biology of Fish Gamete

Does mast seeding shape mating time in wild boar? A comparative study

International audienceIn seasonal environments, the timing of reproduction often matches with the peak of food resources. One well-known effect of global warming is an earlier phenology of resources, leading to a possible mismatch between the timing of reproduction for consumers and food peak. However, global warming may also change the dynamics of food resources, such as the intensity and frequency of pulsed mast seeding. How quantitative changes in mast seeding influence the timing of reproduction of seed consumers remains unexplored. Here, we assess how yearly variation in mast seeding influences mating time in wild boar ( Sus scrofa ), a widespread seed consumer species. We took advantage of the intensive monitoring of both female reproduction (1636 females) and acorn production over 6 consecutive years across 15 populations of wild boar in the wild. We found that mating time occurs earlier when acorn production increases in most but not all populations. In two out of 15 populations, heavy females mated earlier than light ones. Our findings demonstrate that mast seeding advances the mating time in some populations, which could perhaps impact how boars respond to climate change

Effects of pulsed resources on the dynamics of seed consumer populations: a comparative demographic study in wild boar

International audienc

Effects of pulsed resources on the dynamics of seed consumer populations: a comparative demographic study in wild boar

International audienc

Effects of pulsed resources on the dynamics of seed consumer populations: a comparative demographic study in wild boar

Mast seeding is a well-known example of pulsed resources in terrestrial ecosystems. Despite the large literature available so far on the effects of mast seeding on the dynamics of seed consumer populations, it remains unknown whether heterogeneity in demographic responses to mast seeding exists both within a population of consumers and among consumer populations. Here, we fill this knowledge gap by assessing the effects of acorn production (i.e., oak mast) on all stage-specific demographic rates (i.e., survival, growth, reproduction) in several consumer populations. From long-term capture–mark–recapture data collected in three wild boar populations in Europe and detailed information on annual acorn production, we quantified the effects of acorn production on body mass-specific demographic rates in these populations. We then built a body mass-structured population model for each population and assessed the effect of acorn production on generation time—the mean age of mother at childbirth—and population growth rate using a combination of prospective and retrospective demographic analyses. Within populations, acorn production had a positive effect on reproduction (proportion of breeding females) and growth of small-sized females. Survival remained buffered against environmental variation, in accordance with the demographic buffering hypothesis. Thus, all stage-specific demographic rates were not influenced in the same way by acorn production. In turn, higher reproduction and growth probabilities involved higher population growth rates and shorter generation times. Despite these common demographic responses to mast seeding among populations, we highlighted marked among-population variation in the magnitude of these responses. Also, while populations inhabiting resource-rich environments took advantage of current acorn conditions, populations under resource-poor environments stored and allocated acorns produced the preceding year to reproduction indicating contrasting breeding tactics along the capital–income continuum. Our results suggest heterogeneity in demographic responses to mast seeding, within and among populations. This is an important finding for our understanding of the effects of mast seeding on the dynamics of seed consumer populations

GENETIC PARAMETERS AND GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF RESISTANCE TO ACUTE HYPERTHERMIA IN RAINBOW TROUT

International audienceSelective breeding is a promising solution to reduce fish farms vulnerability to heat peaks.Objectives of this study were to give a new insight on the genetic architecture of resistance toacute hyperthermia stress in rainbow trout. At 275 days post-fertilization, 1,384 fish werephenotyped for acute hyperthermia resistance and body weight. Challenged fish weregenotyped for 57K SNP and their genotypes were imputed at high-density thanks to theirparents being genotyped on a 665K SNP array. Heritability estimate of resistance to acutehyperthermia was 0.32 ± 0.04. This trait was genetically negatively correlated with body weight(-0.58 ± 0.17). The genome-wide association study revealed that resistance to acutehyperthermia is highly polygenic as altogether the 5 detected QTLs explained less than 5% ofthe genetic variance. The main QTL region explained 3% of the genetic variance and containedtwo candidate genes previously described to be associated with temperature resistance