Left wind forward in football (soccer). Khinanthropometry and footprint analysis

Kinanthropometry is the study of size, shape, proportionality, body composition, biological maturation and body function with the objective of understanding the process of growth, exercise, sport performance and nutrition. It has been accepted measurements in the right side of the subject as equivalent of the overall sportsman. Right and left side variations therefore have not been sufficiently studied, particularly in left handed football players. Materials and Methods: Analysis of 5 professional footballers from the C.D. Leganés, S.A.D. was carried, being left dominant and by their team position considered as left wing forwards. The method selected to study kinanthropometric variables was established by Heath-Carter and followed by the ISAK-GREC (International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry and Grupo Español de Cineantropometría-Spanish Group of Kinanthropometry-). Footprint obtained by the simplified Hernandez-Corvo methodology, being classified as: flat, flat-normal, normal, normal-high arch, high arch, strong high arch and extreme high arch, prior and subsequent to a football match. Informed consent attained as established by local legislation. Statistics analysed by t-Student with a significance of 95% (p<0.05) and the results processed by the PC statistical software SPSS 11.5. Results: Football players have a mean height of 174.02 cm. and a mean weight of 75.32 Kg. Right foot mean length is 24.84 cm. and left foot mean length is 24.96 cm., while right foot mean width is 9.73 cm. and left foot mean width is 9.60 cm.; the footprint varies from normal prior to match to normal- high arch after the game, whereas left foot remains normal-high arch all along. Total number of lesions accounted for 9 sprains in the right ankle and 12 sprains in left ankle, 1 anterior cruciate ligament rupture and 1 menisectomy in the right knee with 1 interior lateral ligament rupture and 1 menisectomy in the left knee. Discussion: Data in variation of right and left side related to football is missing in international bibliography, which may be important due to the fact of the general belief in football environment that left dominant footballers are of better technique and therefore will have more chance of success in a world ruled by financial interests. Notice to analysis remarks the fact whereas the mean left foot is longer than the mean right foot, the mean right foot is wider than the mean left foot. Statistical significant differences arise between left and right footprint prior and subsequent to a football match, associated to statistical significant changes in various anthropometric measurements: ileospinal, throcanteric and tibial heights; total superior extremity, arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg and foot lengths; subescapular, axillary, ileocrestal, supraspinal, thigh, leg and abdominal skinfolds; epicondyle of humerus diameter and ankle perimeter. Conclusion: 1) Footprint modifies with football practice. 2) Footprint differs in a football player in left and right feet prior and subsequent to a football match, associated with statistical discrepancies between various right and left kinanthropometric variables. 3) Broader population must be studied to better value the repercussion of football practice in footprint. 4) Research must be completed in order to analyse modification in right handed football players. 5) Research must be completed in order to analyse modification of footprint because of sport practice. 6) Research must be completed to observe differences with similar population detailing in certain sportive gestures (running, jumping, swimming, etc.)

Estimación del grado de desarrollo de la composición corporal en deportistas púberes y prepúberes

Un valioso elemento en la vigilancia de la salud pediátrica es la gráfica de recimiento, que relaciona en curvas de percentil la edad con el peso y la talla. Bastante útiles en edades preescolares, son poco representativas de los cambios producidos en etapas adolescentes en las que se añade al crecimiento normal, los cambios fisiológicos propios del desarrollo puberal y factores ambientales tales como la practica de actividades deportivas, que pueden inducir un desarrollo diferente de cada componente corporal. Aplicando el método antropométrico se calcula la composición corporal de 300 escolares entre 10 y 15 años, estudiando el fraccionamiento del peso corporal en 4 componentes. Los objetivos del presente estudio son: conocer cómo cambian los distintos componentes corporales durante las etapas preadolescente y adolescente de los individuos que realizan deporte extraescolar y obtener gráficas de crecimiento para cada componente similares a las existentes para la correlación edad/peso, edad/talla, peso/talla aceptadas por la OMS y de idéntico manejo, que muestren las variables en percentiles por edad, no en términos de proporción del peso total, sino en valor absoluto para cada componente, de modo que permitan monitorizar el desarrollo de cada individuo, resultando así de utilidad en la práctica clínica diaria.Los resultados de la artroplastia de codo han mejorado sustancialmente coincidiendo con el mejor conocimiento de la biomecánica del codo. El diseño y los resultados clínicos de las prótesis de codo se basan en un conocimiento preciso de la cinemática, los estabilizadores y las fuerzas que atraviesan esta articulación.A valuable element in the vigilance of the pediatric health is the graph of growth which relates in curves of percentile the age with the weight and the height. Very useful in preschool ages, they are not very representative in the changes of the adolescent stages in which, to the normal growth, it adds the physiologic changes characteristic of the development puberal and environmental factors just as practice of sport activities that can induce a different development in each corporal component. Applying the anthropometric method, the body composition of 300 scholars, between 10 and 15 years old, is calculated, studying the division of the corporal mass according to four compartment model. The objectives of the present study are: to know the change of the different corporal components during the preadolescent and adolescent stages of the people whom practice extra-school sport and to obtain graphics of growth for each component similar to the existent ones for the correlation age/weight, age/height, weight/height accepted by the WHO and of identical handling that show the variables in percentiles for age, not in terms of proportion of the total weight, but in absolute value for each component, so they allow to monitor the development of each person, being that utility in the everyday clinical practice

Left wind forward in football (soccer). Khinanthropometry and footprint analysis

Kinanthropometry is the study of size, shape, proportionality, body composition, biological maturation and body function with the objective of understanding the process of growth, exercise, sport performance and nutrition. It has been accepted measurements in the right side of the subject as equivalent of the overall sportsman. Right and left side variations therefore have not been sufficiently studied, particularly in left handed football players. Materials and Methods: Analysis of 5 professional footballers from the C.D. Leganés, S.A.D. was carried, being left dominant and by their team position considered as left wing forwards. The method selected to study kinanthropometric variables was established by Heath-Carter and followed by the ISAK-GREC (International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry and Grupo Español de Cineantropometría-Spanish Group of Kinanthropometry-). Footprint obtained by the simplified Hernandez-Corvo methodology, being classified as: flat, flat-normal, normal, normal-high arch, high arch, strong high arch and extreme high arch, prior and subsequent to a football match. Informed consent attained as established by local legislation. Statistics analysed by t-Student with a significance of 95% (p<0.05) and the results processed by the PC statistical software SPSS 11.5. Results: Football players have a mean height of 174.02 cm. and a mean weight of 75.32 Kg. Right foot mean length is 24.84 cm. and left foot mean length is 24.96 cm., while right foot mean width is 9.73 cm. and left foot mean width is 9.60 cm.; the footprint varies from normal prior to match to normal- high arch after the game, whereas left foot remains normal-high arch all along. Total number of lesions accounted for 9 sprains in the right ankle and 12 sprains in left ankle, 1 anterior cruciate ligament rupture and 1 menisectomy in the right knee with 1 interior lateral ligament rupture and 1 menisectomy in the left knee. Discussion: Data in variation of right and left side related to football is missing in international bibliography, which may be important due to the fact of the general belief in football environment that left dominant footballers are of better technique and therefore will have more chance of success in a world ruled by financial interests. Notice to analysis remarks the fact whereas the mean left foot is longer than the mean right foot, the mean right foot is wider than the mean left foot. Statistical significant differences arise between left and right footprint prior and subsequent to a football match, associated to statistical significant changes in various anthropometric measurements: ileospinal, throcanteric and tibial heights; total superior extremity, arm, forearm, hand, thigh, leg and foot lengths; subescapular, axillary, ileocrestal, supraspinal, thigh, leg and abdominal skinfolds; epicondyle of humerus diameter and ankle perimeter. Conclusion: 1) Footprint modifies with football practice. 2) Footprint differs in a football player in left and right feet prior and subsequent to a football match, associated with statistical discrepancies between various right and left kinanthropometric variables. 3) Broader population must be studied to better value the repercussion of football practice in footprint. 4) Research must be completed in order to analyse modification in right handed football players. 5) Research must be completed in order to analyse modification of footprint because of sport practice. 6) Research must be completed to observe differences with similar population detailing in certain sportive gestures (running, jumping, swimming, etc.)

Estimación del grado de desarrollo de la composición corporal en deportistas púberes y prepúberes

Un valioso elemento en la vigilancia de la salud pediátrica es la gráfica de recimiento, que relaciona en curvas de percentil la edad con el peso y la talla. Bastante útiles en edades preescolares, son poco representativas de los cambios producidos en etapas adolescentes en las que se añade al crecimiento normal, los cambios fisiológicos propios del desarrollo puberal y factores ambientales tales como la practica de actividades deportivas, que pueden inducir un desarrollo diferente de cada componente corporal. Aplicando el método antropométrico se calcula la composición corporal de 300 escolares entre 10 y 15 años, estudiando el fraccionamiento del peso corporal en 4 componentes. Los objetivos del presente estudio son: conocer cómo cambian los distintos componentes corporales durante las etapas preadolescente y adolescente de los individuos que realizan deporte extraescolar y obtener gráficas de crecimiento para cada componente similares a las existentes para la correlación edad/peso, edad/talla, peso/talla aceptadas por la OMS y de idéntico manejo, que muestren las variables en percentiles por edad, no en términos de proporción del peso total, sino en valor absoluto para cada componente, de modo que permitan monitorizar el desarrollo de cada individuo, resultando así de utilidad en la práctica clínica diaria.Los resultados de la artroplastia de codo han mejorado sustancialmente coincidiendo con el mejor conocimiento de la biomecánica del codo. El diseño y los resultados clínicos de las prótesis de codo se basan en un conocimiento preciso de la cinemática, los estabilizadores y las fuerzas que atraviesan esta articulación.A valuable element in the vigilance of the pediatric health is the graph of growth which relates in curves of percentile the age with the weight and the height. Very useful in preschool ages, they are not very representative in the changes of the adolescent stages in which, to the normal growth, it adds the physiologic changes characteristic of the development puberal and environmental factors just as practice of sport activities that can induce a different development in each corporal component. Applying the anthropometric method, the body composition of 300 scholars, between 10 and 15 years old, is calculated, studying the division of the corporal mass according to four compartment model. The objectives of the present study are: to know the change of the different corporal components during the preadolescent and adolescent stages of the people whom practice extra-school sport and to obtain graphics of growth for each component similar to the existent ones for the correlation age/weight, age/height, weight/height accepted by the WHO and of identical handling that show the variables in percentiles for age, not in terms of proportion of the total weight, but in absolute value for each component, so they allow to monitor the development of each person, being that utility in the everyday clinical practice