Agrarian reform in the context of modernized agriculture: The case of Brazil

The main goal of this thesis is to investigate the process of Agrarian Reform in Brazil between 1985 and 1988.This process is set in the context of the agricultural development policies implemented in the years 1980-1988. For these purposes, the relevant literature on Agrarian Reform in Brazil and in Latin America is examined,as well as the literature related to rural development and market liberalisation. Before the current process of Agrarian Reform, the debate in Brazil on agricultural development strategy was highly polarized.One current of opinion defended small farm production and advocated a complete and radical Agrarian Reform.Others cast doubt on the efficacy of small-scale production and supported hence the model of agricultural modernization established in the 1960s and centred on commercial rural enterprises . The changes introduced in agricultural policies and in the process of Agrarian Reform itself during the 1980s have raised new dilemmas.These changes are analysed in the thesis using recent data on rural credit and marketing policies. Implementation of the Agrarian Reform programme is investigated using field data on six land settlements located in three different regions of the country:Ceara,Rio de Janeiro and Rio Grande do Sul. The thesis demonstrates the viability of Agrarian Reform within the context of modern agriculture provided that specific conditions are met ,such as: limitation of the scope of the reform exclusively to underutilised lands ,ex-ante transformation and liberalisation of the agricultural policies which provoked land concentration in the past, positive integration of the new settlers in markets, and access by settlers to state agricultural programmes . The field research shows that market integration is the crucial determinant of economic success for the land reform settlements,together with access to specially targeted agricultural programmes.The particular form of organisation adopted by the settlers does not appear to be. a significant factor in determining economic performance

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

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