Characterization of 13 multi-drug resistant Salmonella serovars from different broiler chickens associated with those of human isolates

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Salmonella </it>are frequently isolated from chickens and their products. Prevalent serogroups and serovars of <it>Salmonella </it>as well as their genotypes and antibiograms were determined for cloacal samples from 1595 chickens. To understand the possible serovar and H antigens for transmission between chicken and human, serovars and their H antigens of 164 chicken and 5314 human isolates were compared.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Prevalence of <it>Salmonella </it>differed among chicken lines and ages. Chicken and human isolates belonged mainly to serogroup B, C1, C2-C3, D, and E. 13 serovars and 66 serovars were identified for chicken and human isolates respectively. The common serovars for chicken and human isolates were <it>S</it>. Typhimurium, <it>S</it>. Enteritidis, <it>S</it>. Albany, <it>S</it>. Derby, and <it>S</it>. Anatum and shared common H1 antigens "g complex; i; e,h; and z4,z24" and H2 antigens "1 complex and -". In human isolates, H1 antigen "i" and H2 antigen "-" were common in all serogroups. In chicken, antimicrobial susceptibility differed among serogroups, serovars and three counties. All isolates were susceptible to cefazolin and ceftriaxone, but highly resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, flumequine, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and tetracycline. Except those isolates of serogroup C1 of Chick group and serogroup G, all isolates were multi-drug resistance. Only <it>S</it>. Kubacha, <it>S</it>. Typhimurium, <it>S</it>. Grampian, and <it>S</it>. Mons were resistant to ciprofloxacin and/or enrofloxacin.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In chicken, prevalent serogroups and serovars were associated with chicken ages, lines and regions; and flouroquinolone-resistant and MDR isolates emerged. H1 antigens "g complex and i" and H2 antigens "1 complex and -" might be important for transmission of <it>Salmonella </it>between chicken and human.</p

Epidemiology of invasive fungal diseases among patients with haematological disorders in the Asia-Pacific: a prospective observational study

AbstractWe conducted a 2-year multicentre prospective observational study to determine the epidemiology of and mortality associated with invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) among patients with haematological disorders in Asia. Eleven institutions from 8 countries/regions participated, with 412 subjects (28.2% possible, 38.3% probable and 33.5% proven IFDs) recruited. The epidemiology of IFDs in participating institutions was similar to Western centres, with Aspergillus spp. (65.9%) or Candida spp. (26.7%) causing the majority of probable and proven IFDs. The overall 30-day mortality was 22.1%. Progressive haematological disorder (odds ratio [OR] 5.192), invasive candidiasis (OR 3.679), and chronic renal disease (OR 6.677) were independently associated with mortality

Further investigations of linear trirhodium complexes: experimental and theoretical studies of Rh-3(dpa)(4)Cl-2 and Rh-3(dpa)(4)Cl-2 (BF4) dpa = bis(2-pyridyl)amido anion

The linear trirhodium compound, Rh-3(dpa)(4)Cl-2 (1), and its one-electron oxidation product, [Rh-3(dpa)(4)Cl-2]BF4 (2), have been synthesized and studied extensively. The magnetic measurement for compound 1 shows that it possesses one unpaired electron that is assigned to occupy the sigma(nb) orbital ((2)A(2)) by DFT calculations. Upon oxidation, a beta-spin electron of 1 is removed, that causes compound 2 to exhibit a triplet ground state. DFT calculations indicate that the two unpaired electrons of 2 occupy sigma(nb) and delta* orbitals (B-3(1)), which is supported by H-1 NMR spectrum. Unlike their isoelectronic analogues [Co-3(dpa)(4)Cl-2] (3) and [Co-3(dpa)(4)(Cl)(2)]BF4 (4), both compound 1 and 2 do not display the spin-crossover phenomenon. The reason may be attributed to the relative large energy gap between B-3(1) and open-shell singlet B-1(1) states

Enhanced light harvesting in mesoporous TiO2/P3HT hybrid solar cells using a porphyrin dye

We report panchromatic light harvesting in hybrid TiO2/P3HT photovoltaic devices using a porphyrin dye that complements the light absorption of P3HT. The high short circuit photocurrent (12.1 mA cm(-2)) obtained is found to be due, in part, to Forster resonance energy transfer from the P3HT to the dye

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile:Coronaviridae 2023

The family Coronaviridae includes viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes of 22-36 kb that are expressed through a nested set of 3' co-terminal subgenomic mRNAs. Members of the subfamily Orthocoronavirinae are characterized by 80-160 nm diameter, enveloped virions with spike projections. The orthocoronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus are extremely pathogenic for humans and in the last two decades have been responsible for the SARS and MERS epidemics. Another orthocoronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, was responsible for the recent global COVID-19 pandemic. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Coronaviridae which is available at www.ictv.global/report/coronaviridae.</p

C-reactive protein, sodium azide, and endothelial connexin43 gap junctions

We investigated the effect of C-reactive protein (CRP) and sodium azide (NaN(3)) on endothelial Cx43 gap junctions. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) were treated with (a) detoxified CRP, (b) detoxified dialyzed CRP, (c) detoxified dialyzed CRP plus NaN(3), (d) NaN(3), or (e) dialyzed NaN(3). The concentration of CRP in all preparations was fixed to 25 mu g/ml and that of NaN(3) in the preparations of (c) to (e) was equivalent to that contained in the 25 mu g/ml CRP purchased commercially. The results showed that both the expression of Cx43 protein and gap junctional communication function post-48-h incubation were reduced and inhibited by the detoxified CRP, NaN(3), or detoxified dialyzed CRP plus NaN(3), but not by the detoxified dialyzed CRP or dialyzed NaN(3). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of cells treated for 72 h also showed a pattern of transcriptional regulation essentially the same as that for the proteins. We concluded that CRP does not have a significant effect on Cx43 gap junctions of HAEC, but NaN(3) inhibited the viability of cells and downregulate their junctions

Perturbative QCD analysis of B→ϕK∗B \to \phi K^* decays

We study the first observed charmless $B\to VV$ modes, the $B\to\phi K^*$ decays, in perturbative QCD formalism. The obtained branching ratios $B(B\to\phi K^*)\sim 15 \times 10^{-6}$ are larger than $\sim 9\times 10^{-6}$ from QCD factorization. The comparison of the predicted magnitudes and phases of the different helicity amplitudes, and branching ratios with experimental data can test the power counting rules, the evaluation of annihilation contributions, and the mechanism of dynamical penguin enhancement in perturbative QCD, respectively.Comment: 14 pages, 2 tables, brief disscussion on hard sacle added, version to appear in PR

Manipulation of electronic structure via supporting ligands: a charge disproportionate model within the linear metal framework of asymmetric nickel string Ni-7(phdptrany)(4)Cl (PF6)

This paper describes the synthesis and physical properties of an uniquely asymmetric heptanickel string complex exhibiting a charge disproportionate model along the linear nickel framework

Applicability of perturbative QCD to Λb→Λc\Lambda_b \to \Lambda_c decays

We develop perturbative QCD factorization theorem for the semileptonic heavy baryon decay $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda_c l\bar{\nu}$, whose form factors are expressed as the convolutions of hard $b$ quark decay amplitudes with universal $\Lambda_b$ and $\Lambda_c$ baryon wave functions. Large logarithmic corrections are organized to all orders by the Sudakov resummation, which renders perturbative expansions more reliable. It is observed that perturbative QCD is applicable to $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda_c$ decays for velocity transfer greater than 1.2. Under requirement of heavy quark symmetry, we predict the branching ratio $B(\Lambda_b \to \Lambda_c l{\bar\nu})\sim 2$, and determine the $\Lambda_b$ and $\Lambda_c$ baryon wave functions.Comment: 12 pages in Latex file, 3 figures in postscript files, some results are changed, but the conclusion is the sam