13 research outputs found
Multiple forms of the D1 dopamine receptor: its linkage to adenylate cyclase and psychopharmacological effects.
S-OXIDATION OF THIORIDAZINE TO PSYCHOACTIVE METABOLITES: AN ORAL DOSE-PROPORTIONALITY STUDY IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS
The influence of visual mouth cue on auditory speech perception: Structural Equation modeling
Neural activity during attentional conflict predicts reduction in tinnitus perception following rTMS
Screening of Venlafaxine Hydrochloride for Transdermal Delivery: Passive Diffusion and Iontophoresis
The objective of the study was to investigate in vitro transdermal delivery of venlafaxine hydrochloride across the pigskin by passive diffusion and iontophoresis. For passive diffusion, experiments were carried out in Franz diffusion cell whereas for iontophoretic permeation, the diffusion cell was modified to contain both the donor and return electrode on the same side of skin. Anodal iontophoresis was carried out using a current density of 0.5 mA/cm2. Donor concentrations used were 585.5 mg/ml (saturated solution) and 100 mg/ml. Experiments initially performed to determine the transport efficiency of venlafaxine ions showed promising results. Iontophoresis increased the permeation rate at both concentration levels over their passive counterparts (P < 0.01), but surprisingly higher steady-state flux was obtained from lower donor drug load (P < 0.01). The favorable pH of the unsaturated solutions is suggested to be the cause for this effect. Mild synergistic effect was observed when iontophoresis was carried out incorporating peppermint oil in the donor but the same was not found in passive diffusion. Highest steady-state flux obtained in the experiment was 3.279 μmol/cm2/h when peppermint oil (0.1%) was included in the donor. As the maintenance requirement of venlafaxine hydrochloride is approximately 9.956 μmol/h, the results suggested that the drug is a promising candidate for iontophoretic delivery
Erythropoietin for Treatment of Human Brain Disease: Experience from Proof-of-Concept Trials
Posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder : neuroimaging, neuroendocrine, and psychophysiological findings
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