13 research outputs found

    Treatment of endometriosis by aromatase inhibitors: efficacy and side effects

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    The recent demonstration that aromatase is expressed at higher levels in endometriosis implants than in normal endometrium has led to pilot studies using inhibitor aromatasis in patients with endometriosis. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and studied the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors on endometriosis. There were seventeen studies (case reports/series) evaluating outcomes of aromatase inhibitors. Studies suggest that aromatase inhibitors alone or co-administered with progestins, oral contraceptives or gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist could reduce pain and endometriosis. There is only one randomized controlled trial comparing aromatase inhibitor+GnRH agonist and GnRH agonist and one study with eighty patients. Side-effects profiles of aromatase inhibitor regimens are favorable; it does not appear a significant bone loss. Aromatase inhibitors seem to have a promising effect on endometriosis but randomized controlled trials are needed to prove their effects and their safety

    16α-[18F]-fluoro-17ß-oestradiol ([18F]FES): A biomarker for imaging oestrogen receptor expression with positron emission tomography (PET)

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    Oestrogens play a major role in the development of gynaecological oestrogen-dependent diseases that overexpress oestrogen receptors (ER+). The ER status is assessed using immunohistochemistry  analysis of tissues samples. It is believed that a non-invasive method such as positron emission tomography (PET) that would accurately evaluate and quantify in vivo the presence of ER could play an important role in managing such diseases. PET using fluorinated oestrogen analogues may be helpful in selecting patients who will benefit from endocrine therapy or could be used to identify high-grade cancer with poorer prognosis. Among more than 20 fluorinated oestrogens analogues that have been proposed as PET tracer candidates, 16a-[18F]fluoro-17b-oestradiol ([18F]FES) has been the most actively investigated in preclinical and clinical studies

    Biodistribution et toxicité des nanocapsules chargées en 188Re aprÚs injection intratumorale par convection enhanced delivery chez la souris

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    Objectifs DĂ©terminer la faisabilitĂ©, l’intĂ©rĂȘt et la toxicitĂ© hĂ©matologique de l’administration intratumorale par convection enhanced delivery (CED) de nanocapsules chargĂ©es en 188Re (NCL-188Re). MatĂ©riels et mĂ©thodes L’étude de biodistribution des NCL-188Re vs perrhĂ©nate (188ReO4−) a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e sur des souris nude (n = 30). Les animaux ont Ă©tĂ© sĂ©parĂ©s en 2 groupes : injection intratumorale de 188ReO4− pour le premier groupe (n = 15, 3 MBq) et de NCL-188Re pour le second groupe (n = 15, 3 MBq). Les animaux ont Ă©tĂ© sacrifiĂ©s Ă  1 h (n = 10), 24 h (n = 10) et 72 h (n = 10) aprĂšs l’injection, les organes prĂ©levĂ©s et comptĂ©s. La toxicitĂ© hĂ©matologique des NCL-188Re a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e par prises de sang de 50 ΌL (sinus rĂ©tro-orbitaire) rĂ©alisĂ©es Ă  j2, j7, j14 et j21 aprĂšs traitement par NaCl (n = 4), NCL-188Re (3 MBq, n = 4), NCL-188Re (6 MBq, n = 4) et NCL-188Re (12 MBq, n = 4). RĂ©sultats La vectorisation par NCL a permis de limiter l’élimination urinaire du 188Re puisque dĂšs 24 h post-IV 0,1 ± 0,1 % de la dose injectĂ©e (%D.I.) vs 81,9 ± 7,5 % D.I. sont retrouvĂ©s dans les urines pour les formes NCL188Re-SSS et 188ReO4-, respectivement, (p = 0,016). Celle-ci permet Ă©galement de retrouver une activitĂ© significativement supĂ©rieure dans la tumeur Ă  tous les temps de l’étude. L’administration unique de NCL-188Re a induit une toxicitĂ© modĂ©rĂ©e pour les activitĂ©s injectĂ©es les plus Ă©levĂ©es (12 MBq) se manifestant principalement par une thrombopĂ©nie transitoire de nadir j14–j18. Il n’a pas Ă©tĂ© observĂ© de toxicitĂ© au niveau des autres lignĂ©es cellulaires pour les activitĂ©s administrĂ©es de 3 et 6 MBq. Conclusions Les rĂ©sultats obtenus montrent la faisabilitĂ© de l’injection intratumorale par CED et l’intĂ©rĂȘt de la vectorisation du 188Re par les NCL. Les premiers signes de toxicitĂ© hĂ©matologiques sont en faveur du fractionnement des doses administrĂ©es et d’un meilleur ciblage par fonctionnalisation des NCL aux oestrogĂšnes pour permettre une meilleure rĂ©tention tumorale

    Can the risks associated with uterine sarcoma morcellation really be prevented? Overview of the role of uterine morcellation in 2018

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    OBJECTIVES: The objective of this literature review is to reiterate the epidemiology, clinical signs, and radiological signs that should be consistent with a uterine sarcoma as well as the precautionary pre- and postoperative principles that help prevent morcellation of uterine sarcomas when treating patients with uterine fibroids. METHOD: We conducted this literature review by consulting the Pubmed, Medline, and Cochrane Systematic Review databases up to 28/02/2017 using the following keywords: fibroid, myoma, leiomyoma, sarcoma, leiosarcoma, uterine cancer, myomectomy, hysterectomy, morcellation, and uterine morcellation. We also used the reference lists of the selected articles to find more data on the websites of North-American and European learned societies that specialise in obstetrics and gynaecology. RESULTS: In the case of morcellation of uterine fibroids, the risk of an undiagnosed uterine sarcoma is estimated to be between 1 in 278 to 1 in 1960 women. Preoperative examination, free informed consent following discussion about the risks and complications associated with morcellation, as well as research on the contraindications to the use of morcellation are the crucial points addressed by learned societies. The main solution recommended at present is morcellation confined to a laparoscopic bag. CONCLUSION: There is a risk of morcellating an occult sarcoma when performing a myomectomyor hysterectomy for fibroids. Implementing the use of morcellation containment bags should be the norm. The use of minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopic orvaginal) and the associated benefit-risk ratio compared to a laparotomy should also be discussed with the patient before the operation

    Angio-Oedema induced by oestrogen contraceptives is mediated by bradykinin and is frequently associated with urticaria

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    Background: Hereditary C1-inhibitor (C1-Inh) deficiency is associated with 'bradykinin-mediated angio-oedema' (BK-AO) and is believed not to be associated with urticaria. Acquired AO has been related to oestrogen contraceptives. Objective: To demonstrate that AO precipitated by oestrogens and characterized by nonfunctional C1-Inh is mediated by BK and to evaluate the occurrence of urticaria in these patients. Methods: A retrospective evaluation of patients referred for AO related to oestrogen was undertaken. Circulating C1-Inh, high molecular weight kininogen (HK) and enzymes involved in the metabolism of bradykinin were investigated. Results: Fifteen patients were included. HK cleavage concurrent to oestrogen intake was demonstrated in 10 patients with available plasma. Eight patients reported recurrent or chronic urticaria. Discontinuation of the contraceptive resulted in a return to native C1-Inh and HK in all cases studied and to normal kininogenase activity in all but one. The clinical manifestations completely disappeared in 6 patients and improved in 7 after the withdrawal of oestrogen. Conclusion: Patients display extensive cleavage of HK in the plasma, which supports that AO precipitated by oestrogen contraception is BK-mediated. Recurrent urticaria may have been underestimated in this context. The presence of recurrent urticaria should not systematically rule out the diagnosis of BK-AO when the history is suggestive

    Escalade de dose et efficacité des nanocapsules chargées en 188Re dans un modÚle d'adénocarcinome de l'endomÚtre chez la souris

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    Objectifs Évaluation de l’efficacitĂ© de l’administration intratumorale par convection enhanced delivery (CED) de nanocapsules chargĂ©es en 188Re (NCL-188Re) sur un modĂšle hĂ©tĂ©rotopique d’adĂ©nocarcinome de l’endomĂštre (Ishikawa) selon un schĂ©ma d’escalade de dose. MatĂ©riels et mĂ©thodes Les souris (n = 40) ont Ă©tĂ© traitĂ©es lorsque le grand axe tumoral a atteint 8 mm. Les animaux ont Ă©tĂ© sĂ©parĂ©s en 2 groupes tĂ©moins : injection intratumorale par CED de NaCl (groupe 1 ; n = 8) et de NCL blanches (groupe 2 ; n = 8), et 3 groupes traitĂ©s par injection intratumorale en CED de NCL-188Re (groupe 3 ; 3 MBq ; n = 8/groupe 4 ; 6 MBq ; n = 8 et groupe 5 ; 12 MBq ; n = 8). La rĂ©ponse thĂ©rapeutique a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©e en mesurant cliniquement et par ÎŒIRM (BioSpec 70/20 USR 7 Tesla Bruker) l’évolution du volume tumoral (VT). Le point limite choisi a Ă©tĂ© le doublement du VT ou un VT > 2150 ΌL. RĂ©sultats La radiothĂ©rapie vectorisĂ©e par NCL-188Re a significativement augmentĂ© la mĂ©diane de survie des animaux traitĂ©s des groupes 3, 4 et 5, de 290 %, 290 % et 570 %, respectivement, par rapport au groupe 1 (p = 0,021 ; p = 0,031 ; p < 0,001, respectivement). Le VT moyen du groupe 5 a Ă©tĂ© significativement rĂ©duit par rapport au groupe 1 de j16 (159,6 ± 134,1 ΌL vs 449,7 ± 169,9 ΌL ; p = 0,014) Ă  j33 (158,3 ± 197,2 ΌL vs 803,9 ± 499,4 ΌL ; p = 0,006). Pour le groupe 4 seule la valeur Ă  j16 a Ă©tĂ© significative (185,1 ± 149,8 ΌL vs 449,7 ± 169,9 ΌL ; p = 0,026). De plus, nous avons observĂ© une diffĂ©rence significative entre le groupe 5 et le groupe 3 de j23 (97,9 ± 115,3 ΌL vs 568,5 ± 641,9 ΌL ; p = 0,049) Ă  j33 (158,3 ± 197,2 ΌL vs 636,2 ± 618,8 ΌL ; p = 0,041). Conclusions L’injection intratumorale unique par CED de NCL-188Re sur modĂšle hĂ©tĂ©rotopique murin de cancer de l’endomĂštre hormono-dĂ©pendant a permis d’obtenir un rĂ©gression tumorale spectaculaire pour les animaux traitĂ©s avec une activitĂ© de 12 MBq. Ces bons rĂ©sultats seront Ă  confirmer lors d’études dosimĂ©triques et de fractionnement de dose
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