Comparison of confinement and pasture systems for growing and finishing swine from birth to market

The growing and finishing of pigs in confinement on concrete feeding floors, called pig parlors by many producers, has received increasingly more attention as a system of producing market hogs in recent years. This system of growing and finishing hogs has been made possible by recent advances in swine nutrition. Formerly, pasture was relied upon to correct some nutritional deficiences in swine rations and to replace a limited part of the protein and energy requirements. Because of the increased knowledge of the nutritional requirements of the pig, together with the availability of vitamin supplements and other feed additives, rations for confinement or drylot feeding can now be formulated so that the gains and efficiency of pigs fed in confinement are comparable to or greater than, in many cases, those obtained on pasture. This and other factors has made confinement systems of producing market hogs attractive to some producers and has led many to question the economic value of including pasture in a production program. However, only a limited amount of work has been done to compare the performance, feed requirements and production costs under confinement and pasture systems. This is particularly true for systems which include the period from birth of the pigs to weaning time. This experiment was conducted at the University of Tennessee Field Station at Ames Plantation to obtain comparative data relative to the performance, feed requirements and costs of production of pigs produced from birth to marketing in confinement and pasture management systems

Public enterprise reform in Fiji: policy implementation and reversals

This article reviews the evolution of Fiji’s public enterprises reform program since 1993 and considers the impact of the change of government in 1999, the May 2000 coup and the further government changes that followed. Case studies are presented on the failed privatization of the Government Shipyard and the corporatization of the Civil Aviation Authority

Addressing Commercial Realism and Academic Issues in Group-Based IS Undergraduate Project Work

This paper describes an innovative and possibly unique practice in the application of a multi-year, group-based, real world project approach to Information Systems (IS) education among undergraduate students. The Team Project Scheme (TPS) exists within the Information Systems Institute (ISI) at the University of Salford in the UK. Within the framework of 3 year undergraduate degree programmes, students from all years of study come together in groups to solve real-life business problems. This paper provides an outline of the approach along with some discussion of pedagogical, assessment, and other practical issues that have emerged from the work. It demonstrates how, with a considered and critical approach, it is possible to successfully reconcile academic learning objectives with real-life project demands in a diverse range of contexts

Observations of atmospheric water vapor with the SAGE 2 instrument

The Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment 2 (SAGE 2) is discussed. The SAGE 2 instrument was a multichannel spectrometer that inferred the vertical distribution of water vapor, aerosols, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone by measuring the extinction of solar radiation at spacecraft sunrise/sunset. At altitudes above 20 km, the SAGE 2 and LIMS (Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere) data are in close agreement. The discrepancies below this altitude may be attributed to differences in the instruments' field of view and time of data acquisition

Preparation of 6‐ 3 H glucocerebroside

Glucocerebroside (1–0‐β‐glucosyl ceramide) can be labeled with 3 H‐borohydride at the 6‐position of the glucose moiety. The 6‐trityl ether of cerebroside is formed first, the remaining hydroxyl groups are acetylated, the trityl group is removed, and the free 6‐hydroxyl group is oxidized to an aldehyde. The carbonyl group is then reduced with borohydride and the acetyl groups are removed, regenerating the original glycolipid.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90217/1/2580130309_ftp.pd

The influence of towers and conductor sag on transmission-line shielding

This paper is the third of a sequence of papers intended to present data which may be used in determining the degree of protection from lightning obtainable by shielding transmission lines and structures with grounded overhead wires and masts. The first two papers of the sequence are: “Shielding of Transmission Lines,” and “Shielding of Substations.