132,181 research outputs found
Application of the vortex-lattice technique to the analysis of thin wings with vortex separation and thick multi-element wings
Two techniques for extending the range of applicability of the basic vortex-lattice method are discussed. The first improves the computation of aerodynamic forces on thin, low-aspect-ratio wings of arbitrary planforms at subsonic Mach numbers by including the effects of leading-edge and tip vortex separation, characteristic of this type wing, through use of the well-known suction-analogy method of E. C. Polhamus. Comparisons with experimental data for a variety of planforms are presented. The second consists of the use of the vortex-lattice method to predict pressure distributions over thick multi-element wings (wings with leading- and trailing-edge devices). A method of laying out the lattice is described which gives accurate pressures on the top and part of the bottom surface of the wing. Limited comparisons between the result predicted by this method, the conventional lattice arrangement method, experimental data, and 2-D potential flow analysis techniques are presented
Evidence for Two Distinct Morphological Classes of Gamma-Ray Bursts from their Short Timescale Variability
We have analyzed the 241 bursts for which peak counts \C exist in the
publicly available Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) catalog.
Introducing peak counts in 1024 ms as a measure of burst brightness \B and
the ratio of peak counts in 64 and 1024 ms as a measure of short timescale
variability \V, we find a statistically significant correlation between the
brightness and the short timescale variability of \g-ray bursts. The bursts
which are smoother on short timescales are both faint and bright, while the
bursts which are variable on short timescales are faint only, suggesting the
existence of two distinct morphological classes of bursts.Comment: 9 pages + 2 Postscript figures available upon request; LATEX v. 2.0
A New Basis for QED Bound State Computations
A simple method to compute QED bound state properties is presented, in which
binding energy effects are treated non-perturbatively. It is shown that to take
the effects of all ladder Coulomb photon exchanges into account, one can simply
perform the derivative of standard QED amplitudes with respect to the external
momentum. For example, the derivative of the light-by-light scattering
amplitude gives an amplitude for orthopositronium decay to three photons where
any number of Coulomb photon exchanges between the e-e+ is included.
Various applications are presented. From them, it is shown that binding
energy must be treated non-perturbatively in order to preserve the analyticity
of positronium decay amplitudes.
Interesting perspectives for quarkonium physics are briefly sketched.Comment: LaTeX, 23 pages, 16 figures. Minor corrections. Some comments adde
Quantum simulation of correlated-hopping models with fermions in optical lattices
By using a modulated magnetic field in a Feshbach resonance for ultracold
fermionic atoms in optical lattices, we show that it is possible to engineer a
class of models usually referred to as correlated-hopping models. These models
differ from the Hubbard model in exhibiting additional density-dependent
interaction terms that affect the hopping processes. In addition to the
spin-SU(2) symmetry, they also possess a charge-SU(2) symmetry, which opens the
possibility of investigating the -pairing mechanism for superconductivity
introduced by Yang for the Hubbard model. We discuss the known solution of the
model in 1D (where states have been found in the degenerate manifold of
the ground state) and show that, away from the integrable point, quantum Monte
Carlo simulations at half filling predict the emergence of a phase with
coexisting incommensurate spin and charge order.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Coupled quantum wires
We study a set of crossed 1D systems, which are coupled with each other via
tunnelling at the crossings. We begin with the simplest case with no
electron-electron interactions and find that besides the expected level
splitting, bound states can emerge. Next, we include an external potential and
electron-electron interactions, which are treated within the Hartree
approximation. Then, we write down a formal general solution to the problem,
giving additional details for the case of a symmetric external potential.
Concentrating on the case of a single crossing, we were able to explain recent
experinents on crossed metallic and semiconducting nanotubes [J. W. Janssen, S.
G. Lemay, L. P. Kouwenhoven, and C. Dekker, Phys. Rev. B 65, 115423 (2002)],
which showed the presence of localized states in the region of crossing.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure
Ultracold fermions in a one-dimensional bipartite optical lattice: metal-insulator transitions driven by shaking
We describe the behavior of a system of fermionic atoms loaded in a bipartite
one-dimensional optical lattice that is under the action of an external
time-periodic driving force. By using Floquet theory, an effective model with
renormalized hopping coefficients is derived. The insulating behavior
characterizing the system at half-filling in the absence of driving is
dynamically suppressed and for particular values of the driving parameter the
system becomes either a standard metal or an unconventional metal with four
Fermi points. We use the bosonization technique to investigate the effect of
on-site Hubbard interactions on the four Fermi-point metal-insulator phase
transition. Attractive interactions are expected to enlarge the regime of
parameters where the unconventional metallic phase arises, whereas repulsive
interactions reduce it. This metallic phase is known to be a Luther-Emery
liquid (spin gapped metal) for both, repulsive and attractive interactions,
contrarily to the usual Hubbard model which exhibits a Mott insulator phase for
repulsive interactions. Ultracold fermions in driven one-dimensional bipartite
optical lattices provide an interesting platform for the realization of this
long studied four Fermi-point unconventional metal.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Spin- and band-ferromagnetism in trilayer graphene
We study the ground state properties of an ABA-stacked trilayer graphene. The
low energy band structure can be described by a combination of both a linear
and a quadratic particle-hole symmetric dispersions, reminiscent of monolayer-
and bilayer-graphene, respectively. The multi-band structure offers more
channels for instability towards ferromagnetism when the Coulomb interaction is
taken into account. Indeed, if one associates a pseudo-spin 1/2 degree of
freedom to the bands (parabolic/linear), it is possible to realize also a
band-ferromagnetic state, where there is a shift in the energy bands, since
they fill up differently. By using a variational procedure, we compute the
exchange energies for all possible variational ground states and identify the
parameter space for the occurrence of spin- and band-ferromagnetic
instabilities as a function of doping and interaction strength.Comment: 9 pages/ 8 figure
- …