Perioperative validation of localisation of the mental foramen

AIM: To assess the accuracy of panoramic radiography and spiral or computed tomography for the localisation of the mental foramen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The distance from the alveolar crest to the mental foramen was measured from panoramic radiographs, spiral tomograms and CT scans. The same distance was measured during implant surgery using a specially designed caliper. RESULTS: Panoramic radiography showed more deviation (+0.6 mm) from the perioperative measurements than either spiral or computed tomography (+0.4 and -0.3 mm respectively). The difference was significant (P<0.05). In general, distances were overestimated on the panoramic radiographs. CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional imaging techniques are recommended for the pre-operative planning of implants in the posterior mandible

Real Estate Offer Translation from Latvian into Russian

Izraugoties nekustamo īpašumu (NĪ), pircējs redz tikai tā attēlu un tekstuālo aprakstu, kam jābūt orientētam uz katra klienta vajadzībām un uzrakstītam klientam saprotamā valodā. Reklāmas teorijā un nekustamā īpašuma tirgus teorijā, informācija par nekustamo īpašumu reklamēšanu ir reta, nepilnīga, bieži vien pavirša un neprecīza. Tāpēc šī pētījuma mērķis bija identificēt NĪ tirgū izmantotos reklāmas līdzekļus un izstrādāt metodoloģiju NĪ piedāvājumu tulkošanai no latviešu valodas krievu valodā. Lai sasniegtu darba mērķi, tika izmantota teorētiskā metode (literatūras izpēte un analīze) un kvalitatīvā metode (NĪ reklāmas strukturālā un lingvistiskā sastāva raksturojums), kā arī faktoru, kas ietekmē reklāmas NĪ teksta struktūras veidošanos, noteikšana. Nobeigumā NĪ reklāmas piedāvājumi tika tulkoti no latviešu valodas krievu valodā, izmantojot situatīvo, semantisko un tulkojuma transformācijas modeli.When selecting a real estate, the buyer sees only its image and textual description, which must be oriented to the needs of each client and written in a language understood by the client. In advertising theory and real estate market theory, information about real estate advertising is rare, incomplete, often superficial and inaccurate. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the advertising tools used in the real estate market and to develop a methodology for translating real estate offers from Latvian into Russian. In order to achieve the aim of the work, the theoretical method (literature research and analysis) and qualitative method (characterization of the structural and linguistic composition of real estate advertising) were used, as well as determination of the factors that influence the formation of real estate advertising text structure. Finally, real estate advertising offers were translated from Latvian into Russian, using the situational, semantic and translation transformation models

Diagnostic yield of conventional and digital cephalometric images: a human cadaver study

OBJECTIVES: To compare the clinical efficacy of digital and conventional cephalometric imaging. METHODS: Conventional and photostimulable phosphor cephalometric radiographs were obtained from three human cadavers at nine different exposure settings. Subjective image quality was assessed by six observers who evaluated six cephalometric landmarks. Organ doses were measured with TLDs and effective doses calculated. RESULTS: Compared with conventional cephalometric images, digital images had a consistently better subjective image quality for all exposure settings which was significant (P<0.05) for all but two. Organ doses were comparable. Higher kV and lower mAs settings yielded the lowest effective dose, which was highly dependent on the position of the thyroid gland in the beam. CONCLUSION: Relatively small variations in exposure settings do not influence subjective diagnostic image quality of digital cephalometric radiographs. Higher kV and lower mAs settings have the lowest effective dose and should therefore be preferred.status: publishe