Population-Development-Environment Modeling in the Philippines: A Review

This article surveys existing forecasting models in the Philippines and discusses several promising alternatives in the process of developing a methodological modeling. Investigation of CGE models leads to the findings of the absence of population-environment interactions.natural resources and environment, population and family relation, computable general equilibrium (CGE), environmental issues, econometric modeling

Schooling Disparities: an Early Life Lever for Better (or Worse) Equity in the Future

Why should we be concerned with education disparities? The short answer is that schooling disparities get translated into income and other social disparities. Inequities, in turn, are known to lead to (a) wasted productive potential and inefficient allocation of resources; and (b) impaired institutional development. Even if there are controversies on what determine schooling outcomes, there is almost no question that people with more schooling, on average, have higher future income trajectories. The clear implication is that schooling disparities, whether in quantity or in quality, get translated into disparities in future income trajectories. This difference in productivity is the basis of the human capital theory.Philippines, education disparities, schooling outcomes, social inequity

Impact of Children on Household Savings in the Philippines

Household savings are important indicators of family welfare, not only in terms of a household's investment and income generation prospects, but also, and perhaps more importantly--given pervasive borrowing constraints and limited social security coverage--in terms of its ability to secure protection from income shortfalls. This article examines the relationship between household savings and family size. It also provides descriptive and multivariate evidence on the relationship of household savings and family size. It likewise uses a recent nationally representative household survey in the analysis. The results show that, on average, the impact of additional children on household savings is both negative and regressive.Philippines, family size, household savings

LGUs Need Strong National Leadership in Population Management

Can LGUs succeed in managing their own population? They probably can, but they need strong national leadership in doing so. This Policy Notes asserts that population management is a national rather than a local issue. What is needed is to have a clear and fully-funded national population program, with LGUs participating vigorously and consistently.local government unit, population, population program, population management

Massless L\"uscher Terms and the Limitations of the AdS3 Asymptotic Bethe Ansatz

In AdS5/CFT4 integrability the Bethe ansatz gives the spectrum of long strings, accurate up to exponentially small corrections. This is no longer true in AdS3, as we demonstrate here by studying Luscher F-terms with a massless particle running in the loop. We apply this to the classic test of Hernandez & Lopez, in which the su(2) sector Bethe equations (including one-loop dressing phase) should match the semiclassical string theory result for a circular spinning string. These calculations did not agree in AdS3xS3xT4, and we show that the sum of all massless Luscher F-terms can reproduce the difference.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure; v2:references, typos and clarification

An improved AFS phase for AdS3 string integrability

We propose a number of modifications to the classical term in the dressing phase for integrable strings in AdS3 x S3 x S3 x S1, and check these against existing perturbative calculations, crossing symmetry, and the semiclassical limit of the Bethe equations. The principal change is that the phase for different masses should start with a term Q_1 Q_2, like the one-loop AdS3 dressing phase, rather than Q_2 Q_3 as for the original AdS5 AFS phase.Comment: 7 page

A Glimpse at the School Dropout Problem

Dropout is a problem for many reasons. One, at the aggregate economy level wherein education is known to be an important determinant of economic growth, premature dropout means loss of potential productivity. And two, within the education sector, dropout raises the cost of achieving a targeted proportion of the population having some level of schooling. The other area where dropout is a problem--and perhaps the more important one--is from the equity perspective. Dropouts may appear small in number but they are preponderant among the poor which thereupon turns the wheels of intergenerational transmission of poverty against them. At the personal level, dropping out of school will mean consigning one to a future of low-income trajectory. Given a choice, one will obviously not opt for this.Philippines, school children, child poverty, school dropout

Poverty, Fertility Preferences, and Family Planning Practices in the Philippines

This paper looks at the interaction of poverty, fertility preferences, and family planning practices in the Philippines using the series of nationally representative family planning surveys conducted annually since 1999 augmented by census and other survey data. Its contribution lies in providing recent and nationally representative empirical evidence on the long-running but largely unresolved debate in the country on the relationship between fertility preferences and family planning and socioeconomic status. The paper shows that while the number of children ever born is indeed larger among poorer households, their demand for additional children is actually lower and their contraceptive practice is also poorer. This result indicates that, in the case of the Philippines, the larger number of children among the poor is more the result of poorer contraceptive practice than the higher demand for additional children.poverty, family planning, Philippines, fertility preferences, socioeconomic status

Population and Poverty: A Review of the Links, Evidence and Implications for the Philippines

The article reviews trends in population and poverty, compares population and development between the Philippines and Thailand over the last 40 years, discusses the theoretical links between population and poverty as well as the empirical evidence, and finally its implications for policy. The author emphasizes the primacy of growth as a development strategy in reducing poverty and perhaps inequality, as well as better fertility management--particularly among the poor--aimed at the potential development benefits arising from demography.poverty, population, inequality, demographic changes

Population and the Fight Against Poverty

Is poverty incidence higher among families with a bigger family size? Is there a cause and effect in the relationship between family size and poverty incidence? Dr. Aniceto Orbeta Jr. believes that indeed, there is. In this Policy Notes, he provides explanations and evidences of three channels--growth, distribution and conversion--through which demographic changes affect poverty outcomes.poverty, population, demographic changes