The Effects of Age at Circumcision on Premature Ejaculation 2

SUMMARY Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of age at circumcision on premature ejaculation (PE). Materials and Methods: The study included 40 healthy male controls and 40 male patients diagnosed as PE according to American Psychiatric Association criteria and the Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) premature ejaculation subscale. The 2 groups were compared according to age at circumcision and GRISS score. Results: The PE group and control group were sociodemographically similar, but differed in marital status. The groups differed in GRISS communication, degree of satisfaction, avoidance, sensuality, erectile dysfunction, and PE subscale scores. These differences only displayed a dysfunction in the degree of satisfaction and premature ejaculation subscales. The groups also differed in age at circumcision; accordingly, those that were circumcised at ≥7 years of age had higher GRISS scores and a higher risk of having PE than those that were circumcised at >7 years of age. Conclusion: Age at circumcision had an effect on PE; circumcision at ≥7 years of age was associated with an increase in the risk of PE, as compared to circumcision at >7 years of age. We think that families should have their boys circumcised before the age of 7 years and highly recommend that the procedure be performed within in the first 3 years of life

Model Supported Hydrological Analysis Of Darlik Watershed

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2013Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2013Dünyadaki gelişmeye ve artmakta olan nüfusuna bağlı olarak su kaynaklarının farklı amaçlar için kullanımına yönelik talepler de hızla artmaktadır. Bu durumun yanı sıra son bir kaç on yıllık sürede etkisini daha belirgin bir şekilde gösteren iklim değişikliği de su kaynaklarını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle su kaynaklarının belirlenmesi, korunması ve sürdürülebilir bir şekilde yönetilmesi oldukça önem kazanmıştır. Türkiye’nin en kalabalık şehri olmanın yanı sıra dünyanın en büyük şehirleri arasında yer alan İstanbul’un nüfusu sürekli artmaktadır. Türkiye’deki toplam nüfusunun %18,2’sinin (yaklaşık 13.500.000 kişi) İstanbul il sınırları içerisinde yaşamakta olduğu bilinmektedir. Gelecekte bu nüfusun daha da artmasıyla birlikte İstanbul’un su kaynaklarının altında kalacağı baskı oldukça fazla olacaktır. Bu nedenle İstanbul’un sahip olduğu sınırlı su kaynaklarının sürdürülebilirlik çerçevesi içerisinde yönetilmesi çok büyük önem taşımaktadır. İstanbul’un günlük su ihtiyacı yaklaşık olarak 2.250.000 m3’tür. Bu ihtiyacın çok büyük bir kısmı şehrin civarında yer alan yüzeysel su kaynaklarından sağlanmaktadır. Darlık Baraj Gölü şehrin en büyük 5. Baraj gölüdür. İstanbul’a su sağlayan diğer kaynakların hemen hemen hepsi şehrin son yıllarda hızla artan nüfusu ile birlikte şehir merkezinde kalmıştır. Bu duruma istisna olarak Darlık Baraj Gölü bu değişimden 30 yıldır hemen hemen hiç etkilenmemiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında geliştirilen hidrolojik model İstanbul’un bugünkü su ihtiyacının %11’ini karşılayan Darlık Baraj Gölü’nün havzasında su bütçesini ortaya konulmuştur. Yüzeysel akış, taban akışı, günlük buharlaşma miktarı ve yeraltı suyu akımı bu model sayesinde ortaya konmuştur. Kurulan model yardımıyla nüfus artışı, arazi kullanımı değişimi gibi nedenlerle gelecekte meydana gelebilecek farklı senaryoların su bütçesi üzerindeki değişimlerinin ön görülmesi için bir altyapı sağlanmıştır.Use of water resources has been changing dramatically by the increase of population and water demand in the world. As well as increase of population in the world in the last decades, climate change also affected the water resources. Thus identification, protection and sustainable management of water resources have become crucial. İstanbul which is the most crowded city of Turkey, is also among the world’s highly populated cities, and its population is increasing day by day so that water resources of this metropolitan are under excessive stress. Today, population of this huge metropolitan is about 13.500.000 and this mega city needs approximately 2.250.000 m3 water per day. Considerable amount of this demand -almost all- is supplied from the dams around the city and by interbasin water transfer. The model, used in this study, reveals the water budget of the Darlık Reservoir, which supplies 11% of water demand of İstanbul. Due to the model, surface runoff, base flow, groundwater flow, percolation and evapotranspiration can be estimated according to the given meteorological condition. Water quality of reservoirs, used for drinking water supply, is important as much as water quantity. Hydrological models are the integral part of the water quality models. This study forms a base for the water quality and ecosystem models of Darlık Watershed, but in order to analyze the water quality of this watershed further study should be conducted in the future.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

The Effects of Age at Circumcision on Premature Ejaculation 2

SUMMARY Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of age at circumcision on premature ejaculation (PE). Materials and Methods: The study included 40 healthy male controls and 40 male patients diagnosed as PE according to American Psychiatric Association criteria and the Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) premature ejaculation subscale. The 2 groups were compared according to age at circumcision and GRISS score. Results: The PE group and control group were sociodemographically similar, but differed in marital status. The groups differed in GRISS communication, degree of satisfaction, avoidance, sensuality, erectile dysfunction, and PE subscale scores. These differences only displayed a dysfunction in the degree of satisfaction and premature ejaculation subscales. The groups also differed in age at circumcision; accordingly, those that were circumcised at ≥7 years of age had higher GRISS scores and a higher risk of having PE than those that were circumcised at >7 years of age. Conclusion: Age at circumcision had an effect on PE; circumcision at ≥7 years of age was associated with an increase in the risk of PE, as compared to circumcision at >7 years of age. We think that families should have their boys circumcised before the age of 7 years and highly recommend that the procedure be performed within in the first 3 years of life

The Effects of Age at Circumcision on Premature Ejaculation 2

SUMMARY Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of age at circumcision on premature ejaculation (PE). Materials and Methods: The study included 40 healthy male controls and 40 male patients diagnosed as PE according to American Psychiatric Association criteria and the Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) premature ejaculation subscale. The 2 groups were compared according to age at circumcision and GRISS score. Results: The PE group and control group were sociodemographically similar, but differed in marital status. The groups differed in GRISS communication, degree of satisfaction, avoidance, sensuality, erectile dysfunction, and PE subscale scores. These differences only displayed a dysfunction in the degree of satisfaction and premature ejaculation subscales. The groups also differed in age at circumcision; accordingly, those that were circumcised at ≥7 years of age had higher GRISS scores and a higher risk of having PE than those that were circumcised at >7 years of age. Conclusion: Age at circumcision had an effect on PE; circumcision at ≥7 years of age was associated with an increase in the risk of PE, as compared to circumcision at >7 years of age. We think that families should have their boys circumcised before the age of 7 years and highly recommend that the procedure be performed within in the first 3 years of life