106 research outputs found
Peut-on parler dâun  « dĂ©sir dâĂ©cole » en Casamance ? (1860-1930)
Dans la seconde moitiĂ© du XIXe siĂšcle, la crĂ©ation des premiĂšres Ă©coles par les missionnaires et lâĂtat colonial en Casamance (sud du SĂ©nĂ©gal) suscita des rĂ©actions diverses de la population, allant du rejet Ă lâacceptation en passant par lâindiffĂ©rence. Dans un premier temps, les populations casamançaises ont exprimĂ©, avant lâimplantation effective de lâadministration coloniale, un dĂ©sir dâĂ©cole qui sâest notamment dĂ©veloppĂ© dans un contexte de transformations sociales profondes â initiatives missionnaires et Ă©tatiques, insertion dans lâĂ©conomie de marchĂ© â associĂ©es Ă des donnĂ©es plus conjoncturelles, telles que lâaction dâun individu, dâun groupe socio-Ă©conomique ou socio-culturel, dâune communautĂ©. La multitude des configurations observables Ă lâĂ©chelle des villages montre la variĂ©tĂ© des facteurs qui entrent en jeu dans lâattitude des populations colonisĂ©es Ă lâĂ©gard de lâĂ©cole.In the second half of the 19th century, the creation of the first schools by missionaries and the colonial state of Casamance (in southern Senegal) provoked varied reactions in the population â rejection, acceptance and indifference. At first, before the actual implementation by the colonial administration, the local populations expressed a desire for schools, a desire which had particularly developed in the context of profound social transformations â missionary and state initiatives, the insertion into a market economy â associated with more immediate elements such as the action of an individual, a socio-economic or socio-cultural group or community. The multiplicity of observable configurations at the village level illustrates the variety of factors which influenced the attitudes of the colonial populations to schools.In der Casamance (SĂŒdsenegal) löste die GrĂŒndung der ersten Schulen sowohl durch die Missionare als durch den Kolonialstaat wĂ€hrend der zweiten HĂ€lfte des 19. Jahrhunderts verschiedene Reaktionen in der Bevölkerung aus, von AbstoĂung und GleichgĂŒltigkeit bis zur Annahme. In einer ersten Phase vor der realen EinfĂŒhrung der Kolonialverwaltung, in einem Kontext von tiefgreifenden sozialen Umwandlungen (missionarische und staatliche GrĂŒndungen, Eingliederung in die Marktwirtschaft), hat sich in der Bevölkerung der Casamance eine Lust auf Schule entwickelt die auch an konjunkturelle Faktoren gebunden war sowie die Initiative Einzelner, soziowirtschaftliche und soziokulturelle Gruppen, oder Volksgemeinschaften. Die Vielfalt der in Betracht zu nehmende Konfigurationen auf dörflicher Ebene deckt die Mannigfaltigkeit der Faktoren auf, die in dem Verhalten der kolonisierten Bevölkerung zur Schule zum Ausdruck kommen.En la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, la creaciĂłn de las primeras escuelas por los misioneros y el Estado colonial en Casamanza (Sur de Senegal) suscitĂł reacciones diversas de la poblaciĂłn, que partieron del rechazo hasta llegar a la aceptaciĂłn, pasando por la indiferencia. En un primer tiempo, las poblaciones de Casamanza expresaron, antes de la implantaciĂłn efectiva de la administraciĂłn colonial, un deseo de escuela que se desarrollĂł notamente en un contexto de transformaciones sociales profundasâiniciativas misionarias y estatales, inserciĂłn en la economĂa de mercadoârelacionadas con datos mĂĄs coyunturales, asĂ como la acciĂłn de un individuo, de un grupo socioeconĂłmico o sociocultural, de una comunidad. La multitud de configuraciones que se observan a escala de los pueblos muestra la variedad de los factores que entran en juego en la actitud de las poblaciones colonizadas respecto a la escuela
A new species of Pista Malmgren, 1866 (Polychaeta, Terebellidae) from the north-western Mediterranean Sea
A new species of Terebellidae, Pista colini sp. n., has been identified from the harbour of Banyuls-sur-Mer, north-western Mediterranean Sea. This new species was found in very high densities, exclusively in gravelly sand deposited manually, and was not found in the original source habitat of the gravel. This species is characterized by the colour of the ventral shields with pinkish anterior part and a blood red posterior part in live specimens, a pair of unequal-sized plumose branchiae inserted on segment II and anterior thoracic neuropodia with long-handled uncini. The presence of long-handled uncini even in the smallest specimens constitutes the major difference between Pista colini sp. n. and other Pista species with a single pair of branchiae such as P. lornensis and P. bansei
<i>Malmgrenia louiseae</i> sp. nov., a new scale worm species (Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from southern Europe with a key to European <i>Malmgrenia</i> species
International audienceMalmgrenia louiseae sp. nov. is described from both the Western Mediterranean in the Gulf of Lions, and the Northeast Atlantic from off Portugal and the Bay of Biscay. The species was found in muddy sediments in shallow water and is possibly associated with echiurids or synaptid holothurians. Malmgrenia louiseae sp. nov. can be clearly distinguished from all other known Malmgrenia species by the presence of an infra-acicular process in addition to the supra-acicular process on the acicular lobe of the neuropodia, the lack of microtubercules on the elytra, two kinds of notochaetae (stout with blunt tip and slender with fine pointed tip), and exclusively unidentate neurochaetae. An identification key to the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Malmgrenia species is provided
Spatiotemporal changes in surface sediment characteristics and benthic macrofauna composition off the RhĂŽne River in relation to its hydrological regime
International audienceThe consequences of changes in the water flow of the RhĂŽne River on surface sediment characteristics and benthic macrofauna composition were assessed within 3 distinct areas: (1) the delta front, (2) the prodelta, and (3) the distal zone. Five stations were sampled during or closely after: (1) an oceanic flood (April 2007), (2) a generalized flood (May 2008), (3) a Cevenol flood (December 2008), and (4) a dry period (July 2011). Measurements of sediment characteristics included granulometry (D0.5), bulk descriptors of sedimentary organics (OC, TN and THAA), descriptors of labile components of sedimentary organics (chloropigments, EHAA), and both descriptors of origin (Chl-b/Chl-a, C/N) and lability (Chl-a/(Chl-a+Phaeo-a), EHAA/THAA) of sedimentary organics. Sediment Profile Images were collected during April 2007, May 2008 and July 2011. Temporal changes in both sedimentary organics and benthic macrofauna were more important in the delta front and the prodelta than in the distal zone. Bulk characteristics of sedimentary organics presented decreasing inshore/offshore gradients during both April 2007 and July 2011 but not during May and December 2008. There were significant temporal changes in EHAA/THAA at all stations. Changes in benthic macrofauna composition differed between: (1) the delta front and the prodelta, and (2) the distal zone. In the former area, the dry period was associated with establishing a mature community characterized by high abundances and species richness. The best description of spatiotemporal changes in benthic macrofauna composition by surface sediment characteristics was obtained using D0.5, Chl-b/Chl-a, Chl-a/(Chl-a+Phaeo-a) and EHAA, which supports the role of the quality of sedimentary organics in controlling benthic macrofauna composition
L'enseignement secondaire postcolonial au Sénégal : enjeux politiques et sociaux. L'exemple du lycée Djinabo de Ziguinchor (1960/1980)
International audienceMa contribution Ă cet ouvrage porte sur les enjeux de lâenseignement secondaire postcolonial en Casamance, rĂ©gion au sein de laquelle le hiatus entre les demandes sociales dâĂ©coles et lâoffre scolaire sâaccroĂźt au point dâĂȘtre une des causes du conflit politique et militaire qui y sĂ©vit encore actuellement. Si 1960 ne constitue pas une rupture en termes politiques, il est certain que lâindĂ©pendance a libĂ©rĂ© la demande sociale dâĂ©cole
Voyages vers un « continent imaginaire » : Antillais au Sénégal (1960-1970)
Labrune-Badiane CĂ©line. Voyages vers un « continent imaginaire » : Antillais au SĂ©nĂ©gal (1960-1970). In: Outre-mers, tome 100, n°378-379,2013. Les territoires de lâhistoire antillaise. pp. 137-149
Voyages vers un « continent imaginaire » : Antillais au Sénégal (1960-1970)
Labrune-Badiane CĂ©line. Voyages vers un « continent imaginaire » : Antillais au SĂ©nĂ©gal (1960-1970). In: Outre-mers, tome 100, n°378-379,2013. Les territoires de lâhistoire antillaise. pp. 137-149
III.2.3. â BiocĂ©nose des sables vaseux superficiels de mode calme (SVMC)
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IV.2.4. â BiocĂ©nose des sables et graviers sous influence des courants de fond (SGCF) (en position circalittorale)
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