Estrategias para la inclusión social de personas con sordoceguera de la Asociación Colombiana de Sordociegos - SURCOE

Este proyecto de investigación se realiza con el objetivo de identificar la problemática que viven las personas con la discapacidad de Sordoceguera, ellos actualmente no cuentan con una inclusión social adecuada, ya que la sociedad no está preparada para vincular a estas personas en los diferentes entornos, compartir sus necesidades, habilidades y competencias perdiendo el desarrollo de sus destrezas. Al tomarse el tiempo de ver y escuchar sus experiencias de vida podemos ver su gran potencial y como su aporte social puede ser muy grande, ellos por medio de la asociación reciben apoyo profesional por parte de personal especializado como psicoterapeutas, especialistas en sistemas de comunicación y demás herramientas utilizadas por la población, y teniendo en cuenta lo anterior se pueden formular varias preguntas como: ¿Cómo logar que las personas con discapacidad de Sordoceguera tengan un papel importante y se aproveche sus capacidades teniendo en cuenta lo significativo de su inclusión y participación dentro de la sociedad Colombiana?. En razón de lo expuesto buscamos con este proyecto; diseñar estrategias para lograr que la sociedad en general vincule a las personas con Sordoceguera en los diferentes entornos sociales, siendo este el principal propósito del proyecto.This research project is carried out with the objective of identifying the problem experienced by people with disabilities of Deafblindness, they currently do not have adequate social inclusion, since society is not prepared to link these people in different environments, share your needs, skills and competencies losing the development of your skills. By taking the time to see and listen to their life experiences we can see their great potential and because their social contribution can be very great, they through the association receive professional support from specialized personnel such as psychotherapists, communication systems specialists and Other tools used by the population, and taking into account the above can ask several questions such as: How to ensure that people with disabilities of Deafblindness have an important role and take advantage of their abilities taking into account the significance of their inclusion and participation within of Colombian society ?. Based on the above, we seek with this project; design strategies to ensure that society in general links people with deafblindness in different social environments, this being the main purpose of the project

Standardized Short-Term Acute Heat Stress Assays Resolve Historical Differences in Coral Thermotolerance Across Microhabitat Reef Sites

Coral bleaching is one of the main drivers of reef degradation. Most corals bleach and suffer mortality at just 1–2°C above their maximum monthly mean temperatures, but some species and genotypes resist or recover better than others. Here, we conducted a series of 18‐hr short‐term acute heat stress assays side‐by‐side with a 21‐day long‐term heat stress experiment to assess the ability of both approaches to resolve coral thermotolerance differences reflective of in situ reef temperature thresholds. Using a suite of physiological parameters (photosynthetic efficiency, coral whitening, chlorophyll a , host protein, algal symbiont counts, and algal type association), we assessed bleaching susceptibility of Stylophora pistillata colonies from the windward/exposed and leeward/protected sites of a nearshore coral reef in the central Red Sea, which had previously shown differential mortality during a natural bleaching event. Photosynthetic efficiency was most indicative of the expected higher thermal tolerance in corals from the protected reef site, denoted by an increased retention of dark‐adapted maximum quantum yields at higher temperatures. These differences were resolved using both experimental setups, as corroborated by a positive linear relationship, not observed for the other parameters. Notably, short‐term acute heat stress assays resolved per‐colony (genotype) differences that may have been masked by acclimation effects in the long‐term experiment. Using our newly developed portable experimental system termed the Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS), we thus highlight the potential of mobile, standardized short‐term acute heat stress assays to resolve fine‐scale differences in coral thermotolerance. Accordingly, such a system may be suitable for large‐scale determination and complement existing approaches to identify resilient genotypes/reefs for downstream experimental examination and prioritization of reef sites for conservation/restoration. Development of such a framework is consistent with the recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences and the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program committees for new intervention and restoration strategies

Fast and Pervasive Transcriptomic Resilience and Acclimation of Extremely Heat-Tolerant Coral Holobionts from the Northern Red Sea

Corals from the northern Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba exhibit extreme thermal tolerance. To examine the underlying gene expression dynamics, we exposed Stylophora pistillata from the Gulf of Aqaba to short-term (hours) and long-term (weeks) heat stress with peak seawater temperatures ranging from their maximum monthly mean of 27 °C (baseline) to 29.5 °C, 32 °C, and 34.5 °C. Corals were sampled at the end of the heat stress as well as after a recovery period at baseline temperature. Changes in coral host and symbiotic algal gene expression were determined via RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). Shifts in coral microbiome composition were detected by complementary DNA (cDNA)-based 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. In all experiments up to 32 °C, RNA-Seq revealed fast and pervasive changes in gene expression, primarily in the coral host, followed by a return to baseline gene expression for the majority of coral (\u3e94%) and algal (\u3e71%) genes during recovery. At 34.5 °C, large differences in gene expression were observed with minimal recovery, high coral mortality, and a microbiome dominated by opportunistic bacteria (including Vibrio species), indicating that a lethal temperature threshold had been crossed. Our results show that the S. pistillata holobiont can mount a rapid and pervasive gene expression response contingent on the amplitude and duration of the thermal stress. We propose that the transcriptomic resilience and transcriptomic acclimation observed are key to the extraordinary thermal tolerance of this holobiont and, by inference, of other northern Red Sea coral holobionts, up to seawater temperatures of at least 32 °C, that is, 5 °C above their current maximum monthly mean

Planeamiento estratégico para el sector ganadería bovina en Colombia

El Sector Ganadería Bovina en Colombia contribuye a 2014 con la mayor participación dentro del PIB agropecuario pudiendo ser el impulsor del sector primario del país por encima de industrias tan importantes como el café y las flores. Colombia, al tener: (a) una ubicación estratégica en el continente con acceso a dos océanos, y (b) disponibilidad de pastos durante todo el año con condiciones agroecológicas privilegiadas; le permite ser candidato principal en la producción de carne en pie en Latinoamérica, lo cual fue la motivación principal del presente trabajo, con la proyección de plantear un plan estratégico para el Sector buscando el pleno desarrollo de dicho potencial convirtiendo al país en uno de los principales productores en la Región. Se debe resaltar que el Sector Ganadería Bovina en Colombia presenta una importante contribución en empleo rural dentro del sector agropecuario del país, convirtiéndose así en un significativo eslabón para la generación de empleo y el desarrollo social del sector rural colombiano enmarcado en un escenario de difícil coyuntura en los últimos años que ha influido directamente en el crecimiento y desarrollo sostenible del Sector. El presente documento formula las estrategias que se podrían implementar en el Sector Ganadería Bovina en Colombia, su implementación, y la evaluación y control de estas junto con los objetivos a corto plazo definidos mediante el Tablero de Control Balanceado. Finalmente, se exponen recomendaciones, que de implementarse, transformaría al Sector Ganadería bovina en Colombia en un sector productivo interrelacionando los distintos agentes de la cadena productiva con la proyección de adquirir mayor competitividad insertándose en un contexto internacional eficientemente. Los distintos agentes de la cadena de producción deben interrelacionarse e integrarse generando sinergias y mayor eficiencia y productividad donde el control es el aspecto crítico de una exitosa aplicación de las recomendaciones expuestas. Es así que evaluando al Sector, planteando una estrategia, y controlándola se garantiza la implementación y el éxito de esta en el desarrollo del país.Nowadays, the bovine livestock sector in Colombia contributes to a large participation of the agricultural GDP, becoming the locomotive for this primary sector of the country, surpassing important industries such as coffee and flowers. Strategically located in the continent, Colombia has access to two oceans, availability of grass and food year round, with privileged ecological and agricultural conditions, making it a main candidate in the production of slaughter cattle in Latin America. This is the main motivation for this work, looking to propose a strategic plan for the sector, seeking full development of said potential and making the country one of the main producers in Latin America. It should be noted that the Bovine Livestock Sector in Colombia represents an important contribution in rural employment within the agricultural sector of the country, thus becoming a significant link for job generation and social development in the rural sectors, within the framework of a complicated situational scenario during the past years, which has directly influenced growth and sustainable development of the sector. This document formulates the strategies that could be implemented in the Colombian Bovine Livestock Sector, its implementation, evaluation and control, together with the short term objectives defined using a balanced score card (BSC). This plan shows recommendations, that should they be implemented, would transform the bovine livestock sector in Colombia into a productive sector, interrelated with agents of the productive chain, seeking to achieve greater competitiveness, inserting itself into an efficient international context. The different agents of the production chain must relate to each other with the objective of an integration that generates synergies and larger efficiencies and productivity where control is the raw material of a successful application of the recommendations. In consequence, evaluating the sector, proposing a strategy and controlling it, guarantees its implementation and success in the country’s development..Tesi

Disparate Population and Holobiont Structure of Pocilloporid Corals Across the Red Sea Gradient Demonstrate Species-Specific Evolutionary Trajectories

Global habitat degradation heightens the need to better understand patterns of genetic connectivity and diversity of marine biota across geographical ranges to guide conservation efforts. Corals across the Red Sea are subject to pronounced environmental differences, but studies so far suggest that animal populations are largely connected, excepting evidence for a genetic break between the northern-central and southern regions. Here, we investigated population structure and holobiont assemblage of two common pocilloporid corals, Pocillopora verrucosa and Stylophora pistillata, across the Red Sea. We found little evidence for population differentiation in P. verrucosa, except for the southernmost site. Conversely, S. pistillata exhibited a complex population structure with evidence for within-reef and regional genetic differentiation, in line with differences in their reproductive mode (P. verrucosa is a broadcast spawner and S. pistillata is a brooder). Analysis for genomic loci under positive selection identified 85 sites (18 of which were in coding sequences) that distinguished the southern P. verrucosa population from the remainder of the Red Sea population. By comparison, we found 128 loci (24 of which were residing in coding sequences) in S. pistillata with evidence for local adaptation at various sites. Functional annotation of the underlying proteins revealed putative roles in the response to stress, lipid metabolism, transport, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and ciliary function (among others). Microbial assemblages of both coral species showed pervasive association with microalgal symbionts from the genus Symbiodinium (former clade A) and bacteria from the genus Endozoicomonas that exhibited significant differences according to host genotype and environment. The disparity of population genetic and holobiont assemblage patterns even between closely related species (family Pocilloporidae) highlights the need for multispecies investigations to better understand the role of the environment in shaping evolutionary trajectories. It further emphasizes the importance of networks of reef reserves to achieve conservation of genetic variants critical to the future survival of coral ecosystems

Empirically Derived Thermal Thresholds of Four Coral Species Along the Red Sea Using a Portable and Standardized Experimental Approach

Global warming is causing an unprecedented loss of species and habitats worldwide. This is particularly apparent for tropical coral reefs, with an increasing number of reefs experiencing mass bleaching and mortality on an annual basis. As such, there is a growing need for a standardized experimental approach to rapidly assess the thermal limits of corals and predict the survival of coral species across reefs and regions. Using a portable experimental system, the Coral Bleaching Automated Stress System (CBASS), we conducted standardized 18 h acute thermal stress assays to quantitively determine the upper thermal limits of four coral species across the length of the Red Sea coastline, from the Gulf of Aqaba (GoA) to Djibouti (~ 2100 km). We measured dark-acclimated photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm), algal symbiont density, chlorophyll a, and visual bleaching intensity following heat stress. Fv/Fm was the most precise response variable assessed, advancing the Fv/Fm effective dose 50 (ED50, i.e., the temperature at which 50% of the initial Fv/Fm is measured) as an empirically derived proxy for thermal tolerance. ED50 thermal thresholds from the central/southern Red Sea and Djibouti populations were consistently higher for Acropora hemprichii, Pocillopora verrucosa, and Stylophora pistillata (0.1–1.8 °C above GoA corals, respectively), in line with prevailing warmer maximum monthly means (MMMs), though were lower than GoA corals relative to site MMMs (1.5–3.0 °C). P. verrucosa had the lowest thresholds overall. Despite coming from the hottest site, thresholds were lowest for Porites lobata in the southern Red Sea, suggesting long-term physiological damage or ongoing recovery from a severe, prior bleaching event. Altogether, the CBASS resolved historical, taxonomic, and possibly recent environmental drivers of variation in coral thermal thresholds, highlighting the potential for a standardized, short-term thermal assay as a universal approach for assessing ecological and evolutionary variation in the upper thermal limits of corals

Contrasting Heat Stress Response Patterns of Coral Holobionts Across the Red Sea Suggest Distinct Mechanisms of Thermal Tolerance

Corals from the northern Red Sea, in particular the Gulf of Aqaba (GoA), have exceptionally high bleaching thresholds approaching \u3e5℃ above their maximum monthly mean (MMM) temperatures. These elevated thresholds are thought to be due to historical selection, as corals passed through the warmer Southern Red Sea during recolonization from the Arabian Sea. To test this hypothesis, we determined thermal tolerance thresholds of GoA versus central Red Sea (CRS) Stylophora pistillata corals using multi-temperature acute thermal stress assays to determine thermal thresholds. Relative thermal thresholds of GoA and CRS corals were indeed similar and exceptionally high (~7℃ above MMM). However, absolute thermal thresholds of CRS corals were on average 3℃ above those of GoA corals. To explore the molecular underpinnings, we determined gene expression and microbiome response of the coral holobiont. Transcriptomic responses differed markedly, with a strong response to the thermal stress in GoA corals and their symbiotic algae versus a remarkably muted response in CRS colonies. Concomitant to this, coral and algal genes showed temperature-induced expression in GoA corals, while exhibiting fixed high expression (front-loading) in CRS corals. Bacterial community composition of GoA corals changed dramatically under heat stress, whereas CRS corals displayed stable assemblages. We interpret the response of GoA corals as that of a resilient population approaching a tipping point in contrast to a pattern of consistently elevated thermal resistance in CRS corals that cannot further attune. Such response differences suggest distinct thermal tolerance mechanisms that may affect the response of coral populations to ocean warming

Diálogos y debates en la investigación jurídica y socio jurídica de Nariño.

El libro “DIÁLOGOS Y DEBATES EN LA INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA Y SOCIOJURÍDICA EN NARIÑO”, pretende dar a conocer a la comunidad académica los resultados de las investigaciones realizadas por docentes y estudiantes vinculados a las Universidades de Nariño, IUCESMAG, Cooperativa de Colombia y Mariana, integrantes del NODO SUR DE LA RED NACIONAL DE GRUPOS Y CENTROS DE INVESTIGACIÓN JURÍDICA Y SOCIO JURÍDICA. Representa, sin lugar a dudas, el esfuerzo conjunto de una generación de profesores de distintas instituciones que han transformado la manera de enseñar el derecho, impulsando como nunca antes la investigación

Piedra, papel y pixel. El texto digital en juego

Este libro recoge conceptos y experiencias alrededor de la producción de libros digitales en Colombia. En gran parte se basa en la producción digital del grupo de investigación Urbanitas de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, pero también integra otros actores como El Sistema de Bibliotecas Públicas de Medellín, un ganador del Premio Crea Digital y experiencias de aula que hacen de esta obra un documento representativo para la comprensión del ecosistema de los libros digitales en los últimos años. La obra se divide en dos partes: conceptualización y experiencias. La primera parte enfoca los principales temas que se han planteado sobre la textualidad digital, y la segunda presenta cuatro experiencias, estrategias de creación, implementación y distribución de libros digitales en nuestro medio. En suma, este documento aspira a registrar un momento importante en la historia del libro digital en Colombia

Efeitos do toque terapêutico em prematuros com CPAP nasal: um estudo piloto

Introduction: Premature newborns have an immature cardiorespiratory system that hinders adaptation to the extrauterine environment. This leads to multiple complications which require interventions to improve ventilation and gas exchange, like oxygenating using therapeutic support devices such as continuous positive airway pressure or CPAP. Objective: To determine the effect of therapeutic touch on preterm newborns’ adaptation to CPAP. Materials and methods: This is a quasi-experimental study, with a sample of 13 PTNB who underwent therapeutic touch for 15 minutes in 2 daily sessions (6 am and 8 pm), with pre- and post-assessment of NOC “Preterm Infant Organization.” Descriptive analysis was performed. Results: The participants were allocated to the control group and the intervention group in a similar way. Pre- and post-intervention changes were observed, but especially in the hand posture indicator, with a difference between both groups of 0.74 with a p-value of 0.006. Conclusions: The practice of therapeutic touch with RNPT receiving nasal CPAP allows for improving the comfort of the RNPT through physiological and neurobehavioral indicators.  How to cite this article: Valero Cárdenas Zayda Katherine, Santisteban Pérez Diego Fernando, Fernández Solano Dayana Katherine, Ojeda Olarte Anny Natalia, Carreño Porras Silvia Juliana, Villamizar Carvajal Beatriz, Sánchez Rodríguez Javier Mauricio. Efectos del tacto terapéutico en el recién nacido prematuro con CPAP nasal: una prueba piloto. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2356. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2356  Introducción: El recién nacido prematuro presenta una inmadurez del sistema cardiorespiratorio, lo que dificulta su adaptación al medio extrauterino y conlleva a múltiples complicaciones las cuales se requieren intervenciones que mejoren la ventilación y el intercambio gaseoso tales como la oxigenación a través de dispositivos de apoyo terapéutico como la presión positiva continua de la vía aérea o CPAP. Objetivo: determinar el efecto del tacto terapéutico en la adaptación del recién nacido pretérmino con CPAP.  Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasi-experimental, con una muestra de 13 RNPT a quienes se les aplicó el tacto terapéutico durante 15 minutos, con 2 sesiones diarias (6 am y 8pm), con evaluación antes y después del CRE: “Adaptación del prematuro”. A lo cual se le realizó el análisis descriptivo correspondiente. Resultados: El total de los participantes, fue asignado al grupo control y grupo intervenido de forma similar, evidenciando cambios antes y después de la intervención, pero en especial en el indicador postura de las manos, con una diferencia entre ambos grupos de p 0,74 con valor de 0.006.  Conclusiones: La aplicación del tacto terapéutico al RNPT con CPAP nasal permite mejorar el confort del RNPT a través de indicadores fisiológicos y neurocomportamentales. Cómo citar este artículo: Valero Cárdenas Zayda Katherine, Santisteban Pérez Diego Fernando, Fernández Solano Dayana Katherine, Ojeda Olarte Anny Natalia, Carreño Porras Silvia Juliana, Villamizar Carvajal Beatriz, Sánchez Rodríguez Javier Mauricio. Efectos del tacto terapéutico en el recién nacido prematuro con CPAP nasal: una prueba piloto. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2356. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.2356Introdução: O recém-nascido prematuro apresenta uma imaturidade do sistema cardiorrespiratório, o que dificulta a adaptação ao ambiente extrauterino e leva a múltiplas complicações que requerem intervenções que melhorem a ventilação e as trocas gasosas como a oxigenação por meio de dispositivos de suporte terapêutico, como via aérea positiva contínua pressão ou CPAP. Objetivo: determinar o efeito do toque terapêutico na adaptação do recém-nascido pré-termo com CPAP. Materiais e métodos: Estudo quase experimental, com uma amostra de 13 PTNIs a quem foi aplicado o toque terapêutico durante 15 minutos, com 2 sessões diárias (6h e 20h), com avaliação antes e após CRE: “Adaptação do prematuro”. Ao qual foi realizada a análise descritiva correspondente. Resultados: Todos os participantes foram alocados no grupo controle e no grupo intervenção de forma semelhante, apresentando alterações antes e após a intervenção, mas principalmente no indicador de postura das mãos, com diferença entre os dois grupos foi de 0,74 com um valor de p 0,006. Conclusões: A aplicação do toque terapêutico ao RNPT com CPAP nasal permite melhorar o conforto do RNPT através de indicadores fisiológicos e neurocomportamentais. Como citar este artigo: Valero Cárdenas Zayda Katherine, Santisteban Pérez Diego Fernando, Fernández Solano Dayana Katherine, Ojeda Olarte Anny Natalia, Carreño Porras Silvia Juliana, Villamizar Carvajal Beatriz, Sánchez Rodríguez Javier Mauricio. Efectos del tacto terapéutico en el recién nacido prematuro con CPAP nasal: una prueba piloto. Revista Cuidarte. 2022;13(3):e2356. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.235