МЕЗОПРОТЕРОЗОЙСКИЙ БАЗИТОВЫЙ МАГМАТИЗМ БАШКИРСКОГО МЕГАНТИКЛИНОРИЯ (ЮЖНЫЙ УРАЛ): ВОЗРАСТНЫЕ ОГРАНИЧЕНИЯ, ПЕТРОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ

Among the Riphean–Vendian dyke complexes of the basic composition, which intersect the Precambrian strata of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium (Southern Urals), one of the most common is the Kurgas gabbro-dolerite complex dated to the Early – Middle Riphean. This article presents the isotopic dating, petrological and geochemical features of the rocks belonging to the Kurgas complex. It gives the first description of the regional geochemical zoning that is reflected in a decrease in SiO2 contents from the north to the south along the Bashkirian meganticlinorium, and an increase in MgO contents in the same direction, which is attributed by the authors to an increase in the permeability of the crust to the south during opening of the Mashak riftogenic structure.New data on isotopic ages were obtained for the dyke that cuts the Satka formation of the Lower Riphean – 1318±10 (40Ar/39Ar), the intrusion in the exocontact zone of the Berdyaush rapakivi granite massif – 1349±11 Ma (U-Pb), and the andesite dyke among the metamorphic rocks of the Taratash complex – 1365.6±6.6 Ma (U-Pb). These ages, in combination with the previously obtained data, suggest that the complex formed during a rather long period of time (from 1385 to 1318 Ma, as a minimum), which corresponds to the beginning of the Middle Riphean. Isotopic U-Pb age of the dyke that cuts the contact zone of the Berdyaush massif, suggests that the major portion of the massif had already crystallized by that time and was exhumed into the shallow zone of brittle deformation.Среди рифейско-вендских дайковых комплексов основного состава, секущих докембрийские толщи Башкирского мегантиклинория (Южный Урал), одним из самых распространенных является кургасский габбро-долеритовый раннесреднерифейский комплекс. В работе собраны и обобщены данные по изотопным датировкам, петрологическим и геохимическим особенностям пород кургасского комплекса. Впервые показано наличие региональной геохимической зональности в породах комплекса, которая выражена в уменьшении содержаний SiO2 с севера на юг вдоль Башкирского мегантиклинория и увеличении содержаний MgO в этом направлении, что авторами связывается с увеличением проницаемости коры к югу при раскрытии Машакской рифтогенной структуры.Получены новые изотопные датировки для дайки, секущей саткинскую свиту нижнего рифея, – 1318±10 (40Ar/39Ar), тела в зоне экзоконтакта Бердяушского массива гранитов рапакиви – 1349±11 млн лет (U-Pb) и для дайки андезитов среди метаморфитов тараташского комплекса – 1365.6±6.6 млн лет (U-Pb). Эти данные, в сочетании с полученными ранее, указывают на формирование комплекса на достаточно большом протяжении времени – как минимум от 1385 до 1318 млн лет, что отвечает началу среднего рифея. Полученный возраст для дайки, секущей контактовую зону Бердяушского массива, позволяет предполагать, что к этому моменту массив уже в значительной мере кристаллизовался и вышел в условия хрупкой деформации

The study of the structure and properties of nanostructured biodegradable thermoplastic composite

Increased requirements for polymer materials and the expansion of their application fields create the prerequisites for the creation of new composite materials. The most promising matrix for the biocomposite material is 2-hydroxypropionic (lactic) acid, the unique capabilities of which are manifested as a result of modification by inorganic mineral fillers of nanometric size. The combination of such properties as Biodegradability and biocompatibility is particularly valuable in this polymer. Nanostructured composite materials, consisting of polylactic acid and mineral fillers, acquire a significant improvement in properties compared to the properties of a pure polymer. Biodegradable films containing a layered natural mineral from the class of metasilicates were obtained by the method of irrigation of molding solutions. Trichloromethane was used as a solvent for the preparation of molding solution. The structure and properties of a nanostructured thermoplastic composite are studied. It is shown that the filler is evenly distributed in the polymer structure, affects the size of the crystal formations, the size of the crystallites increases. The introduction of a nanostructuring mineral into a biopolymer increases the thermal stability of the composite, which is due to the high resistance to high temperatures of the initial micro-reinforcing mineral filler, which does not decompose to a temperature of 1000-1100 0C. The influence of layered natural mineral from the class of metasilicates on the deformation and strength properties of biocompositeis established: the strength is maintained and the relative elongation at material rupture is slightly reduced. The ability to biodegradation and very low toxicity allow the use of nanostructured composite material based on 2-hydroxypropionic (lactic) acid in biomedical, pharmaceutical, environmental and industrial fields. The development of biodegradable composite material will solve the current domestic problems of polymers for medical purposes

MEZOPROTEROZOIC BASITE MAGMATISM OF THE BASHKIRIAN MEGANTICLINORIUM (SOUTHERN URALS): AGE CONSTRAINTS, PETROLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES

Among the Riphean–Vendian dyke complexes of the basic composition, which intersect the Precambrian strata of the Bashkirian meganticlinorium (Southern Urals), one of the most common is the Kurgas gabbro-dolerite complex dated to the Early – Middle Riphean. This article presents the isotopic dating, petrological and geochemical features of the rocks belonging to the Kurgas complex. It gives the first description of the regional geochemical zoning that is reflected in a decrease in SiO2 contents from the north to the south along the Bashkirian meganticlinorium, and an increase in MgO contents in the same direction, which is attributed by the authors to an increase in the permeability of the crust to the south during opening of the Mashak riftogenic structure.New data on isotopic ages were obtained for the dyke that cuts the Satka formation of the Lower Riphean – 1318±10 (40Ar/39Ar), the intrusion in the exocontact zone of the Berdyaush rapakivi granite massif – 1349±11 Ma (U-Pb), and the andesite dyke among the metamorphic rocks of the Taratash complex – 1365.6±6.6 Ma (U-Pb). These ages, in combination with the previously obtained data, suggest that the complex formed during a rather long period of time (from 1385 to 1318 Ma, as a minimum), which corresponds to the beginning of the Middle Riphean. Isotopic U-Pb age of the dyke that cuts the contact zone of the Berdyaush massif, suggests that the major portion of the massif had already crystallized by that time and was exhumed into the shallow zone of brittle deformation

Experimental study of uraninite solubility in aqueous HCl solutions at 500°C and 1 kbar

Uraninite solubility in 0.001–2.0 m HCl solutions was experimentally studied at 500°C, 1000 bar, and hydrogen fugacity corresponding to the Ni/NiO buffer. It was shown that the following U(IV) species dominate in the aqueous solution: U(OH)40, U(OH)2Cl20, and UOH Cl30 Using the results of uraninite solubility measurement, the Gibbs free energies of U(IV) species at 500°C and 1000 bar were calculated (kJ/mol): −9865.55 for UO2(aq), −1374.57 for U(OH)2 Cl20, and −1265.49 for UOH Cl30, and the equilibrium constants of uraninite dissolution in water and aqueous HCl solutions were estimated: UO2(cr) = UO2(aq), pK0 = 6.64; UO2(cr) + 2HCl0 = U(OH)2 Cl20, pK2 = 3.56; and UO2(cr) + 3HCl0 = UOHcl30 + H2O, pK3 = 3.05. The value pK1 ≈ 5.0 was obtained as a first approximation for the equilibrium UO2(cr) + H2O + HCl0 = U(OH)3Cl0. The constant of the reaction UO2(cr) + 4HCl0 = UCl40 + 2H2O (pK4 = 7.02) was calculated taking into account the ionization constants of U Cl40 and U(OH)40, obtained by extrapolation from 25 to 500°C at 1000 bar using the BR model. Intense dissolution and redeposition of gold (material of experimental capsules) was observed in our experiments. The analysis and modeling of this phenomenon suggested that the UO2 + x/UO2 redox pair oxidized Au(cr) to Au+(aq), which was then reduced under the influence of stronger reducers