Self-assessment of well-being and individual attitudes towards inequality

The problem of social inequality is a relevant subject of research, since in many ways all kinds of protest movements arise in the society when its different segments and groups feel and experience social injustice. The individual’s disadvantaged position in the society at present and his/her willingness to change it against the inability to do it is an important indicator of social instability. However, people’s perception of social injustice and inequality is different. The purpose of the present study is to explore the causes of economic inequality in Russia, as viewed by the population, as well as the attitudes to fairness of economic inequality and subjective assessment of one’s own chances of material success. The paper identifies the factors that influence subjective assessment of a person’s own chances. In the opinion of the population, it is non-meritocratic forms that are predominant in the Russian society. It was found that dissatisfaction with inequality is lower among the people who are poor today but contemplate to become rich in the future than among those who apprehend of becoming poor both now and in the future. It is shown that the individual’s subjective rank in income distribution is more important for one’s subjective well-being than the relative wage level

The main provisions of the evolutionary doctrine in economics

Today, in the economic theory, the mainstream is the following areas: neoclassical economic theory, neo-Keynesianism, monetarism, institutionalism. The basis of these areas is the principle of economic equilibrium. However, more and more economists see the economy not as an equilibrium, but, on the contrary, as a non-equilibrium system. In the framework of this study, the evolutionary economic theory is studied, which can become the theoretical basis for studying economics from the point of view of disequilibrium. For this purpose, the paper reveals the main provisions of evolutionary doctrine in economics, describes the evolutionary mechanisms of development in the economy (variability, heredity, selection, competition), defines the main elements of evolution in the economy (economic feasibility, levels of evolutionary transformation, evolutionary material in the economy, elementary evolutionary factors). This paper is part of a series that reveals the hypothesis that the evolutionary economic theory is a more general economic theory, from the position of which it is possible to more fully reveal the principles of behavior of individuals and institutions to maximize the satisfaction of material needs and on this basis to formulate an effective economic policy of individuals and institutions, including the state

The view point of global economic development trends

Theoretical and methodological grounds for the study of modern social development have been considered in the article from the view point of a cyclic approach. This development is a consistent change in the stages of transition from the industrial to the postindustrial era. The definitive analysis of the interpretations that reflect the essential features of modern economic development ("industrial", "neo-industrial", "informational", "postindustrial", "innovative", "virtual", "digital", "neo-economy") has permitted to identify the dominant transformation process, target settings and parameters of a quantitative assessment. During the research we have arrived at the conclusion that the above mentioned types of economy may be considered as stages of modern macroeconomic development transformation. They are generally characterized by basic processes of the transition stage. Total informatization and innovation, structural transformation of production and economy in general, qualitative growth of human capital, production services, hi-tech and technotronic improvement of production technologies, the massive renewal and transformation of productive forces based on breakthrough technologies, search and introduction of new forms of investment support of economic development are considered to be fundamental processes of a modern macroeconomic cycle. We particularly pay attention to objective cyclic nature of the processes that is characterised by direct and negative inter-phase and inter-cyclic recurrent correlations that determine the essence and structural rate of the modern macroeconomic cycle. We have determined that the latter is a special type of a cycle that is characterised by a transformation character. In the frameworks of this cycle the information one being an independent type of the cycle is considered to be a cycle of opportunistic nature. Technological, innovation and investment cycles that accumulate on the information one are characterised by providing character, whereas a production cycle – by defining, social and structural cycles – by a resultant one. Such interpretation of the modern macro-cycle can significantly expand and deepen the research of inter-stage and intra-stage transformational processes. That may lead to the development of the analysis methodology and to the construction of management macroeconomic models

Digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex as a transition to highly efficient production

Modern digitalization opportunities are very broad and cover the entire agricultural sector. The paper considers the potential of digital transformation of production, the goals and economic benefits of digitalization for agricultural producers. The authors studied the four main directions of digitalization of production processes in the agro-industrial complex. The financial support of the project of digitalization of agriculture, the structure of funding in the dynamics over a number of years, including at the expense of the region were analyzed. The paper identifies the problems of digitalization of small businesses, the digital divide between urban and rural areas. The authors formulated the main external and internal tasks of the digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex, which will provide a highly efficient production in the future

Urban green spaces as a factor in the sustainable development of megacities

This article examines the management of urban green spaces as a key factor in the sustainable development of megacities, with a special emphasis on the experience of Krasnoyarsk, a city with a population of over one million facing complex climatic and landscape conditions. It analyzes factors influencing the city’s greening strategy and explores parks, squares, and floral compositions as elements of the urban environment. Suggestions for optimizing greening in Krasnoyarsk are put forward, highlighting its crucial role in the city’s sustainable development