Ulnar-sided wrist pain. II. Clinical imaging and treatment

Pain at the ulnar aspect of the wrist is a diagnostic challenge for hand surgeons and radiologists due to the small and complex anatomical structures involved. In this article, imaging modalities including radiography, arthrography, ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), CT arthrography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and MR arthrography are compared with regard to differential diagnosis. Clinical imaging findings are reviewed for a more comprehensive understanding of this disorder. Treatments for the common diseases that cause the ulnar-sided wrist pain including extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendonitis, flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) tendonitis, pisotriquetral arthritis, triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) lesions, ulnar impaction, lunotriquetral (LT) instability, and distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability are reviewed

PERSONALIZED SYSTEM OF INSTRUCTION (PSI): AN ALTERNATIVE

Buterbaugh and Fuller discuss the Personalized System of Instruction--what it is, how it can (or cannot) be evaluated, and some problems which may be encountered with its use. If the lecture-taught course has instructors meeting the students as adversaries, continually answering redundant questions, haggling over half-credit for half-correct answers, and generally finding most students being inhibited by the lock-step timing of a lecture course, then PSI is an alternative. Extensive acceptance and employment of this alternative mode of instruction should cause instructional developers to take another look at the essential features of the system. PSI has been widely employed by instructional developers in the physics field. Other disciplines where PSI has been adapted and classroom tested include art, history, astronomy, anthropology, medicine, nurses training, geology, religion, and philosophy. PSI (also known as the Keller Plan) is self-paced, mastery-oriented, student-tutored for junior college or university instruction, with classes of all sizes

Rapid Repeat Dosing of Zolpidem - Apparent Kinetic Change Between Doses

Objectives: Zolpidem, a common sleep inducing imidazopyridine, that has been the subject of recent regulatory dosing adjustments. This project sought to evaluate rapid repeat (single dose followed by second equal dose four hours later) zolpidem dosing in pediatric burn patients. Methods: Zolpidem was administered to paediatric patients (2 controls and 9 cases) at a mean dose of 0.22+0.1 mg/kg in either tablet or suspension as tolerated by the patient under an IRB approved protocol. Each participant was taking the drug for clinical purposes, informed consent and assent obtained and the drug was given in either 1 episode per day (control) or twice separated by a period of four hours. PK samples were obtained at 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8 hours after the first dose. Analysis of the resulting concentration time curves was performed utilizing NONMEM 7.2 and Prism Graph 6.0b. Results: First order elimination modeling was obtained for the 1, 2 and 4 hour time points and residual concentration of drug were estimated and subtracted from the combined, overlying curves to produce two distinct concentration time curves for each dose administered. This technique was used to estimate the concentrations from the later time points for the control subjects which were strongly in agreement. In six of nine cases, the algorithm was able to fit the individual data and produce clearance equation with an r2 \u3e 0.951 and in each case the calculated half-life for the second curve was significantly shorter than the first curve and demonstrated an appropriately increase in k. Conclusions: Rapid repeat zolpidem dosing, on the order of four hours, is associated with a predictable change in elimination phase kinetics for the second dose as compared to the first. This technique has application to other similar situation in which a second dose is given while there is still residual from previous dosing to determine the relative concentration by dose

Rapid Repeat Dosing of Zolpidem - Apparent Kinetic Change Between Doses

Objectives: Zolpidem, a common sleep inducing imidazopyridine, that has been the subject of recent regulatory dosing adjustments. This project sought to evaluate rapid repeat (single dose followed by second equal dose four hours later) zolpidem dosing in pediatric burn patients. Methods: Zolpidem was administered to paediatric patients (2 controls and 9 cases) at a mean dose of 0.22+0.1 mg/kg in either tablet or suspension as tolerated by the patient under an IRB approved protocol. Each participant was taking the drug for clinical purposes, informed consent and assent obtained and the drug was given in either 1 episode per day (control) or twice separated by a period of four hours. PK samples were obtained at 0, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8 hours after the first dose. Analysis of the resulting concentration time curves was performed utilizing NONMEM 7.2 and Prism Graph 6.0b. Results: First order elimination modeling was obtained for the 1, 2 and 4 hour time points and residual concentration of drug were estimated and subtracted from the combined, overlying curves to produce two distinct concentration time curves for each dose administered. This technique was used to estimate the concentrations from the later time points for the control subjects which were strongly in agreement. In six of nine cases, the algorithm was able to fit the individual data and produce clearance equation with an r2 \u3e 0.951 and in each case the calculated half-life for the second curve was significantly shorter than the first curve and demonstrated an appropriately increase in k. Conclusions: Rapid repeat zolpidem dosing, on the order of four hours, is associated with a predictable change in elimination phase kinetics for the second dose as compared to the first. This technique has application to other similar situation in which a second dose is given while there is still residual from previous dosing to determine the relative concentration by dose