Teaching Students with Adverse Childhood Experiences

Students in every school and at every grade level have had, or continue to have, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which may be considered traumatic. These experiences inevitably interfere with students’ brain development and learning processes. First, it is important that teachers are informed of the effects that these experiences may have on the lives of their students. Awareness of the problem is the first step toward solving any issue. Second, with knowledge of these findings, teachers must find methods to reach these students. All students deserve an equal chance at a quality education. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of ACEs and find the best methods to help these students learn most effectively

Higher Education Governance Structures and Tuition: A Quantitative Analysis

For years, higher education governance and the amount of state funding have been continuous issues in the state-institution relationship. Institutions want more funding and less state control over their activities. From the state’s perspective, legislators want to ensure that state resources are used wisely thereby creating governance structures to oversee higher education. The purpose of the current study is to examine whether the amount of control within the governance structure of a state affects state-level tuition at public 4-year institutions. This dissertation employs a mixed-method approach, consisting of two parts: a linear regression model with tuition as the dependent variable and a case study using the method of difference framework comparing the higher education governance structures in South Carolina and North Carolina. Contrary to my hypothesis, I find no effect of governance structure on the level of tuition in a state. The fiscal variables in the model (per capita income, higher education enrollment, Medicaid spending per enrollee, corrections spending, highway spending and if a state has a lottery) are significant but in the opposite direction from the hypothesized relationship. Specifically, I find that as spending on higher education and preK-12 increases, tuition increases. One important finding from my quantitative research concerns the tuition setting authority: if the legislature sets tuition, then average tuition is significantly lower in the state. In addition, the partisan composition of the legislature matters. When Democrats control the state legislature, tuition is significantly lower. From my case study, I conclude that the organizational structure of the state higher education system matters with tuition levels. Several other factors that weigh heavily in the different tuition rates between the states is language in the North Carolina State Constitution and the appointment process for the different governance systems. The North Carolina State Constitution states that tuition should be “as free as practicable.” While tuition has never been free, this language has played prominently in debates over the tuition levels. The differences in the appointment process to the two governance systems also shape the role played by the different structures. In South Carolina, the governor appoints members, with advice and consent of the state Senate, while in North Carolina the State General Assembly elects the Board of Governors. Taken together, this research shows that policymakers design systems that suit the needs of their respective states. Many differences exist between the state systems due to our federalist system of government and policymakers will continue to make changes to serve the educational needs of their citizens

Nutrition support nursing handoff: a computerized template

At a large Midwest private nutrition support practice, a manual reporting tool has been the communication practice used in daily handoff practices. For patients who require consultation from the Nutrition Support Consulting Service, accurate communication of the nutrition plan of care among members of the health care team is a critical element of patient care and safety. Because communication errors are a leading cause of sentinel events for patients, having a safe transfer of care from nurse to nurse each day is imperative. A nutrition support computerized handoff template not only creates continuity of care among team members, it also results in patient safety and improved standardization of patient nutritional information daily via a computerized template. Using the computer for nutrition support nursing handoff promotes trust among coworkers and optimizes patient interaction as less time is spent manually documenting patient data. \u27Watson\u27s Caring Theory and the concept of intentionality provide a framework for implementing the computerized handoff template. A conceptual metaphor of a relay runner with baton provides a visual for the goals of a computerized handoff template that integrates caring intentionality and relationships into practice. The use of a standardized reporting tool in the computerized handoff template for nutrition support nurses will be evaluated through colleagues\u27 feedback and a confidential interview with a nursing administrator. Nurses who implement the computerized handoff template into their practice will produce a more efficient method of recording patient data while demonstrating greater commitment to the caring acts that encompass nursing practice

Visual Census of Reef Fish Assemblages: A Comparison of Slate, Audio, and Video Recording Devices

Fish assemblage data were recorded using slate, audio, and video techniques with a point-count visual census technique under controlled conditions. The community variables (number of species, number of individuals, and species diversity) describing the assemblage were generally similar for all three recording methods but audio recorded parameters were higher in magnitude. Slate and audio techniques were more similar to each other than each was to video with regard to the assemblage variables. Community resemblances were high for pairwise comparisons for all three recording methods. Users should be aware that certain species are more likely to contribute to differences in faunal comparisons than others. The simultaneous recording of fish assemblage date in situ using audio/video is recommended

An Examination of Web Site Accessibility Issues

The Web is becoming more important for communication andfor data access. Unfortunately, not all Web sites are accessible for all users. Web accessibility is concerned with overcoming the barriers that users with disabilities face when they try to access information on Web sites. Currently, for disabled users, the Web presents many barriers that make it dijfiult to use. These barriers can be addressed by organizational commitment and by improved development techniques. This paper examines how Web accessibility standards and legal mandates are affecting the design of corporate and governmental Web sites, and how the rate of adoption can be improved through increased awareness and education. In addition. It discusses the current need to create a methodology to assess the accessibility skills of information systems developers

A Comparison of Three Methods for Visually Assessing Reef Fish Communities: Time and Area Compensated

Reef fish assemblage survey results using Transect, Point, and Random in situ visual assessment techniques were evaluated and compared on a coral reef biotope off the southwestern coast of Puerto Rico. Parameters compared were: number of species, number of individuals, and species diversity (H\u27). No significant effect attributable to the time-of-day when the surveys were conducted was noted to occur. Variability in observations between divers was not noted for any of the dependent variables while conducting the Transect method. Divers using the Random technique recorded the highest number of species per survey, while the assemblage parameters recorded using Transect and Point methods were statistically similar for most dependent variables. Point surveys, however, had a higher and less variable species diversity. When the data were adjusted for amount of survey time and area it was determined that divers were more efficient in sampling numbers of individuals when using the Transect method

Musical Instruments as Votive Gifts in the Ancient World

This volume started life as the proceedings of the first colloquium of the Archaeomusicology Interest Group (AMIG) within the 119th Annual Meeting of the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) held in Boston, Massachusetts, January 4-7, 2018. Contributors to the colloquium were asked to systematically address how each instrument is not an isolated unit, but a component of musical performance in cult considered as an offering to the divinity within the framework of the ritual ceremony. The aim of the conference and its proceedings was not only to enhance our knowledge of instruments as votive gifts by exploring and discussing the many different motives and often more than one explanation for the dedication of musical instruments to the gods, but also to study musical performances in ancient cultures as an essential component of worship and ritual. The practice of dedicating instruments to the gods in the ancient world – along with figurines of instruments, soundtools, and texts of song – is well attested by a variety of sources, temple-accounts, and the discovery of the instruments themselves during excavations, which often bear votive inscriptions. Worshippers or musicians tried to give a more lasting effect to the musical performance by dedicating instruments in honour of a god or a goddess in the framework of the ritual ceremony. The editors would like to thank the authors for their contributions, for deeply engaging with the critical issues at the core of this volume, and, not least, for their patience in the revising and publishing stages of the volume. We are also very grateful to the anonymous readers for their perceptive comments on the various essays. Finally, we would like to express our deepest gratitude to Clemente Marconi, discussant of the colloquium, for his valuable suggestions. In addition, we would like to thank Fabrizio Serra, the publisher of this volume. Publication was made possible by the project TELESTES, Music, Cults and Rites of a Greek City in the West, funded by the Marie Curie Actions Programme of the European Commission International Outgoing Fellowships for Career Development

Special Considerations in Facial Transplantation: A Systematic Review

Background: Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) of the face is an exceedingly complex procedure, requiring extensive planning and surgical precision in order to successfully manage patients with facial disfigurements. This review aims to present an overview of the salient anatomic considerations in facial transplantation, as well as give attention to unique patient populations and special considerations. Methods: A literature review was performed in search of articles pertaining to considerations in facial transplantation using the databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Articles selected for further review included full-text articles with an emphasis on specific anatomic defects and how they were addressed in the transplant process, as well as management of special patient populations undergoing facial transplantation. Results: In total, 19 articles were deemed appropriate for inclusion. This systematic review of the literature pertaining to considerations in facial transplantation revealed common themes, as well as the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to the procedure. The ultimate outcome is dependent upon the synchronization of subunits of the allograft and the desired functional outcomes, including osseous, ocular, oral, and otologic considerations. Management of specific pathology and subgroups of patients are critical aspects. Although pediatric face transplantation has not yet been performed, it is likely a future step in the evolution of this procedure. Conclusion: When performing a face transplantation, many components must be considered pre-, intra-, and post-operatively. This systematic review presents specific anatomic considerations, as well as information about special patient populations within this cross-section of multidisciplinary microsurgery, psychiatry, and transplant immunology

Factors Associated with Artificial-Reef Fish Assemblages

Visual census (5-min point-count, 100 m2) was used to estimate fish assemblage parameters associated with artificial reef variables from 64 reefs over a 3-yr period in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Dependent variables, recorded by divers [i.e., number of species, number of individuals, length (TL in cm), and species diversity (H\u27)], were analyzed for their associations with potentially underlying environmental attributes using stepwise regression, TWINSPAN, and canonical correspondence analyses (CCA). The fish assemblages (dominated by haemulids, labrids, and serranids) were qualitatively and quantitatively similar to the assemblages described by others from the same general area. Pelagic fishes (carangids and scombrids) associated with the reefs were among the most numerous and were the largest predators in the assemblage. The stepwise regression analysis was able to account for fairly high percentages of the variation in number of species (37%), number of red snapper (43%), and size of red snapper (52%). TWINSPAN allowed the recognition of fish assemblages based on their inshore-offshore biotopes. Vermilion snapper was identified as a key indicator species. The CCA helped identify species groups and factors associated with them. The affinity of pinfish and spottail pinfish with rock jetty was evident, as was the association of triggerfish with vertical steel structure. Although the axis loadings using CCA did not identify a clear species/factor relationship, this analytical method should prove useful in recognizing environmental factors that can be controlled to optimize species-specific artificial reef construction

College Station after-school program and time use study

Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to [email protected], referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references: p. 38.There is a growing consensus that after-school programs are needed to serve children of all ages in almost every community in the United States. A number of forces make creation of worthwhile afterschool programs, particularly during the 3:00-6:00 p.m. time period, a necessity. These forces include the increased number of working parents, the number of single-parent and low income families, the number of children who are failing at school, and the number of parents with low levels of educational attainment and/or low English language skills. After-school programs may also serve important functions such as helping to decrease opportunities for youth to be exposed to negative peer pressures, be tempted by gangs, and through boredom become involved in undesirable activities. Thus, providing a safe, enriched after-school environment can help achieve goals beyond the obvious benefits of providing children with fun, enjoyable activities. While not all of these issues have the same urgency in every community, there is at least growing recognition that communities need to take a closer look at the array, availability and quality of afterschool programs currently being provided. In response to some of these issues, the College Station Park and Recreation Department (CSPARD) and the College Station Independent School District (CSISD) began offering the Kids Klub after-school program in 1987. Currently, Kids Klub serves approximately 500 students at six sites. However, even with the number of children enrolled, the majority of College Station children are not participating in the program. With over 4,000 children in these grades in College Station, Kids Klub is servicing only about 12% of the population. While children not enrolled in Kids Klub may already have adequate after-school opportunities through other programs or through parental supervision, without a better understanding of the current pattern of childrens' after-school time use, determination of additional needed services will be difficult to ascertain. The current study sought to supply information to CSPARD and CSISD that could help in planning future efforts to meet after-school program needs in College Station. Recommendations The results provided a variety of useful information for those seeking to undertake future planning of services to meet children's after-school needs in the City of College Station. From these results, the following recommendations are made: 1)CSPARD and CSISD should seek out ways to better encourage participation in The Kids Klub from underserved segments of the College Station community, and particularly individuals from households with lower incomes and individuals from particular ethnic groups (i.e.,particularly African-Americans and Hispanics). 2)Besides improving program marketing efforts and taking a further look at how to reduce program costs to those with lower incomes, CSISD and CSPARD may wish to explore ways to encourage other youth serving organizations to do a better job of outreach to underserved segments of the College Station community. 3)CSPARD and CSISD should seek ways to make existing school-based after-school programs, (e.g., The Kids Klub) more accessible