1,337 research outputs found
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BALTIC STATES (1991 – 2010)
The problems of transfer of the microeconomic decisions taken by the International banks at the level of macroeconomics of the Baltic States and problems of the economic policies forming are considered. The threats of such transfer for the economic and political system of the Baltic States are investigated. It has been shown that in the transformable economics a leading role is played by the psychoeconomic and psychopolitical factors. A factor of a “responsible feedback” in forming of the economical and social provisions of programmes of the political parties is analyzed.sustainable development, microeconomic decision, macroeconomics, crisis, market economy.
Travelling waves in electroconvection of the nematic Phase 5: A test of the weak electrolyte model
We investigated travelling waves appearing as the primary pattern-forming
instability in the nematic Phase 5 (Merck) in the planar geometry in order to
test the recently developed weak electrolyte model of ac-driven
electroconvection [M. Treiber and L. Kramer, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst 261, 311
(1995)]. Travelling waves are observed over the full conductive range of
applied frequencies for three cells of different layer thickness d. We also
measured the elastic constants, the electric conductivity, and the dielectric
constant. The other parameters of Phase 5 are known, apart from the (relatively
unimportant) viscosity and the two parameters of the weak
electrolyte model that are proportional to the geometric mean of the
mobilities, and the recombination rate, respectively. Assuming a sufficiently
small recombination rate, the predicted dependence of the frequency of the
travelling waves at onset (Hopf frequency) on d and on the applied frequency
agreed quantitatively with the experiments, essentially without fit parameters.
The absolute value of the Hopf frequency implies that the geometric mean of the
mobilities amounts to .Comment: ReVTeX, 24 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Journal de Physique I
Schools for not profit which are managed by entities related to Catholic Church An informal description of common characteristics
Since 1996 until now in Albania have been opened by entities related to the Catholic Church, 51 educational institutions recognized by the Ministry of Education2:kindergardens, manor schools, secondary schools, high schools, vocational schools knownby the Ministry of Affairs. These institutions include about 7800 students from the northto the south, without faith distinction. Only three of them are recognized by the Councilof Ministers.Being managed by religious people3, sometimes these schools are considered bythe public opinion as religious schools. In fact these are not religious schools and the programs they practice are dedicated the Ministry of Education. At the same time, these schools are truly distinguished by many other non-profit schools, precisely because they have some elements of a "bedrock" shared values, which characterize them.In the following you will find an attempt to put in order some characteristic elements,because as I told you even if diversified regarding to the organization and location4, these schools actually share the same values
Abnormal Rolls and Regular Arrays of Disclinations in Homeotropic Electroconvection
We present the first quantitative verification of an amplitude description
for systems with (nearly) spontaneously broken isotropy, in particular for the
recently discovered abnormal-roll states. We also obtain a conclusive picture
of the 3d director configuration in a spatial period doubling phenomenon
involving disclination loops (CRAZY rolls). The first observation of two
Lifshitz frequencies in electroconvection is reported.Comment: 4 pages; 4 figure
Periodic forcing in viscous fingering of a nematic liquid crystal
We study viscous fingering of an air-nematic interface in a radial Hele-Shaw
cell when periodically switching on and off an electric field, which reorients
the nematic and thus changes its viscosity, as well as the surface tension and
its anisotropy (mainly enforced by a single groove in the cell). We observe
undulations at the sides of the fingers which correlate with the switching
frequency and with tip oscillations which give maximal velocity to smallest
curvatures. These lateral undulations appear to be decoupled from spontaneous
(noise-induced) side branching. We conclude that the lateral undulations are
generated by successive relaxations between two limiting finger widths. The
change between these two selected pattern scales is mainly due to the change in
the anisotropy. This scenario is confirmed by numerical simulations in the
channel geometry, using a phase-field model for anisotropic viscous fingering.Comment: completely rewritten version, more clear exposition of results (14
pages in Revtex + 7 eps figures
Viscous fingering in liquid crystals: Anisotropy and morphological transitions
We show that a minimal model for viscous fingering with a nematic liquid
crystal in which anisotropy is considered to enter through two different
viscosities in two perpendicular directions can be mapped to a two-fold
anisotropy in the surface tension. We numerically integrate the dynamics of the
resulting problem with the phase-field approach to find and characterize a
transition between tip-splitting and side-branching as a function of both
anisotropy and dimensionless surface tension. This anisotropy dependence could
explain the experimentally observed (reentrant) transition as temperature and
applied pressure are varied. Our observations are also consistent with previous
experimental evidence in viscous fingering within an etched cell and
simulations of solidification.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to PR
Áramlási jelenségek folyadékkristályokban = Flux phenomena in liquid crystals
Standard homeotróp nematikus folyadékkristályokban kimértük az elektrokonvekciós mintázatok jellemzőit. Feltérképeztük a szuperponált mágneses tér ill. nyíróáramlás hatását a mintázat jellemzőire. Kidolgoztuk a mintázat lebomlásának precíz elméleti leírását, amivel a relaxációs idő hullámszámfüggését diffrakcióval megmérve kíváló egyezést találtunk. Meghatároztuk a szmektikus fázissal is rendelkező nematikusokban megfigyelt standard és nemstandard elektrokonvekciós mintázatok jellemzőit. Megmutattuk, hogy banán nematikus folyadékkristályban is fellép elektrokonvekció. Feltártuk a nematikus anizotrópiái, orientációja és az elektrokonvekciós mintázatok kialakulása és morfológiája közötti kapcsolatot. Egy általunk kidolgozott új mérési módszerrel bizonyítottuk, hogy a banán nematikus flexoelektromos együtthatója kb. 1000-szerese a hagyományos nematikusokénak. | We measured the characteristics of electroconvection patterns in standard homeotropic nematic liquid crystals. We explored the effect of superposed magnetic field or shear flow on the patterns. We worked out a rigorous theoretical description for the decay of patterns which had an excellent agreement with the wavenumber dependence of the relaxation times measured by diffraction. We determined the characteristics of the standard and nonstandard electroconvection patterns observed in nematics with smectic phases. We showed that electroconvection exists in banana nematics too. We explored the relation between the anisotropies and orientation of nematics and the existence and morphology of electroconvection patterns. We worked out a new measuring method by which we proved that the flexoelectric coefficient of a banana nematic is about 1000 times bigger than in usual nematics
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