Biochemical parameters of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after transport with eugenol or essential oil of Lippia alba added to the water

The transport of live fish is a routine practice in aquaculture and constitutes a considerable source of stress to the animals. The addition of anesthetic to the water used for fish transport can prevent or mitigate the deleterious effects of transport stress. This study investigated the effects of the addition of eugenol (EUG) (1.5 or 3.0 mu L L-1) and essential oil of Lippia alba (EOL) (10 or 20 mu L L-1) on metabolic parameters (glycogen, lactate and total protein levels) in liver and muscle, acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in muscle and brain, and the levels of protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nonprotein thiol groups (NPSH) and activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the liver of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen; Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) transported for four hours in plastic bags (loading density of 169.2 g L-1). The addition of various concentrations of EUG (1.5 or 3.0 mu L L-1) and EOL (10 or 20 mu L L-1) to the transport water is advisable for the transportation of silver catfish, since both concentrations of these substances increased the levels of NPSH antioxidant and decreased the TBARS levels in the liver. In addition, the lower liver levels of glycogen and lactate in these groups and lower AChE activity in the brain (EOL 10 or 20 mu L L-1) compared to the control group indicate that the energetic metabolism and neurotransmission were lower after administration of anesthetics, contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis and sedation status.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS/PRONEX) [10/0016-8]; Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cientifico (CNPq) [470964/2009-0]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); CNPqinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Phytochemical Screening and in vivo antioxidant activity of Ethanolic extract of caesalpinia bondus (L.) Roxb

Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity in vivo and lipid peroxidation of 75 % ethanolic extract of young twigs and leaves of Caesalpinia bonduc were carried out by chemical test, and assessment of catalase and peroxidase activities and lipid peroxidation in Wistar rats after oral administration of different concentrations of the plant extract for ten days. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of all major classes of phytochemicals: tannins, flavonoids, saponin, steroids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, glycosides, except phlobatannins. There were significant (p<0.05) graded increase in catalase and peroxidase activities and decrease in TBARS concentrations in the extract tested rats in comparison with normal control, Vitamin C and amodiaquine tested rats. The various pharmacological activities of C. bonduc may be due to its antioxidant activity

Коррекция нарушений оксидативного метаболизма в коже мышей различного возраста с помощью пептидно-биоантиоксидантного комплекса

Работа посвящена исследованию роли оксидативного стресса в повреждении кожи у мышей разного возраста (3 мес. и 18 мес.) при механическом и термическом воздействи

Effects of Quercetin on Alleviating Dietary Lead (Pb)-Induced Growth Retardation and Oxidative Stress in Juvenile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

This trial spanning 28 days, was conducted to investigate the effects of quercetin on alleviating dietary lead (Pb)-induced growth retardation and oxidative stress in juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four hundred fish were randomly divided into four treatments with four replicates in each group, 25 fish in each replicate. The four treatments were: control treatment (fed with a basal diet), Pb treatment (fed with a basal diet+800 mg Pb/kg), Pb+Q1 treatment (fed with a basal diet+800 mg Pb/kg+800 mg quercetin/kg), and Pb+Q2 treatment (fed with a basal diet+800 mg Pb/kg+1600 mg quercetin/kg). Compared with the control treatment, final body weight, weight gain rate and feed conversion rate of Pb treatment were significantly affected (P0.05). Survival rate of all treatments was similar (P>0.05). Malondialdehyde level, total antioxidation capacity level, and activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in hepatopancreas of Pb treatment were significantly affected (P0.05).Results indicated that dietary quercetin supplementation could ameliorate the harmful effects of dietary Pb exposure on growth and effectively normalize antioxidant status in hepatopancreas of tilapia

Evaluation of Biochemical Toxicity and Antioxidant Properties of Pioglitazone on Albino Wistar Rats

Pioglitazone is one of the thiazolidinedione anti-diabetic drugs which have been used for the treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. This study aims at investigating the biochemical effects and safety of pioglitazone (PIO) at various concentrations in female Wistar rats. A total of 28 rats were randomly divided into four groups of seven animals each. Groups 1-4 were given 0.5 mL kgG1 b.wt., dayG1 of distilled water as normal control; 15, 30 and 45 mg kgG1 b.wt., dayG1 of PIO, respectively as treatment groups 2, 3 and 4, respectively for 28 days. Using standard biochemical kits and reported chemical procedures, plasma biochemical parameter and organ lipid peroxidation effects were determined in all the groups. There was significant increase (p<0.05) in plasma total protein concentration of group 3 and 4 in comparison with control. There was also significant (p<0.05) reduction in total and LDL cholesterols in PIO-treated groups and concentration of TBARS was reduced in the liver and heart of PIO-treated groups in comparison with normal control. There was no significant alteration in the concentrations and activities of liver and kidney function markers of PIO treated groups in comparison with normal control groups. Pioglitazone at highest concentration of 45 mg kgG1 b.wt., for the duration of 28 days did not elicit any measurable biochemical toxicity on non-diabetic rat mode

Physiological, Biochemical and Neurochemical responses of Cirrhinus mrigala upon short term exposure to Cerium oxide

The current study was performed to ascertain the biochemical and physiological impact of cerium oxide (CeO2) on freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala, which are widely consumed. Biochemical, neurochemical and physiological modifications were evaluated and LC50 of CeO2 was found to be 22 ppm, observed for 24 h. Further 1/10th of the LC50 concentration of CeO2 (2.2 ppm) was used for short term investigation at 96 h. The results demonstrate an increase in physiological levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) compared to control groups. Studies revealed variations in oxidative stress markers with a significant reduction in the serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA). The study reported the increase in brain glutamate concentrations indicating possible brain tissue damage. The above analysis highlights the potential toxicological impact of CeO2 on freshwater fish and their ecosystem

Antioxidant properties of proanthocyanidins of Uncaria tomentosa bark decoction: a mechanism for anti-inflammatory activity

Decoctions prepared from the bark of Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) are widely used in the traditional Peruvian medicine for the treatment of several diseases, in particular as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to determine if the well-known anti-inflammatory activity of cat's claw decoction was related with its reactivity with the oxidant species generated in the inflammatory process and to establish a relationship between such antioxidant ability and its phenolic composition.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH7-4F0850T-4/1/3219343cbe74d7f0377521c42991f33

Quercetin 3 Rutinoside Facilitates Protection Against Radiation Induced Genotoxic and Oxidative Damage A Study in C57bl 6 Mice

Radiation-induced oxidative stress and haematopoietic genomic instability is the major concern during planned or unplanned exposure. Use of the natural phytochemicals is an emerging strategy to prevent from the harmful effects of radiation. In the current investigation, Quercetin 3-Rutinoside (Q-3-R), a polyphenolic bioflavonoid, has been evaluated against gamma radiation (2Gy) induced genotoxic damage and oxidative imbalance in mice. Mice were administered with Q-3-R (10mg/kg body weight) 1hr prior to irradiation and evaluated for its antioxidant potential. Anti-genotoxic potential was assessed in terms of chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells. Findings revealed that Q-3-R had very high reducing potential, effectively scavenged 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and hydrogen peroxide radicals, chelated metal ions and inhibited lipid peroxidation in a dose dependant manner. The glutathione (GSH) levels were found elevated (p&lt;0.05), while reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were seen in blood and liver tissues of Q-3-R pretreated mice. Significant (p&lt;0.01) reduction in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels and radiation induced aberrations (dicentrics, rings, fragments, end to end association, robertsonian translocation) following Q-3-R pretreatment was found in bone marrow cells. The present findings demonstrate that Q-3-R can effectively minimise radiation-induced genotoxic and oxidative damages and can be explored further to be used as a potent radioprotector in humans

Antioxidant properties of proanthocyanidins of Uncaria tomentosa bark decoction: a mechanism for anti-inflammatory activity

Decoctions prepared from the bark of Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) are widely used in the traditional Peruvian medicine for the treatment of several diseases, in particular as a potent anti-inflammatory agent. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to determine if the well-known anti-inflammatory activity of cat's claw decoction was related with its reactivity with the oxidant species generated in the inflammatory process and to establish a relationship between such antioxidant ability and its phenolic composition.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TH7-4F0850T-4/1/3219343cbe74d7f0377521c42991f33